ap world period 1
TRANSCRIPT
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AP World HistoryPeriod 1
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AP Regions
AP Regions Mapshttp://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/ap/ap-world-history-course-and-exam-description.pdf
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Table of Contents
1.1 Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth
Paleolithic Migration and Society
1.2 The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies
1.3 The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral and Urban Societies
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Peopling of the Earth
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Paleolithic Society vs. Neolithic SocietyTwo Very Different Stone Age Periods
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Critical Intro
In complete sentences, describe why you think humans were so successful at migrating throughout the world.
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Critical Intro2 things
Add “Gender Equality” to bottom of chart on p. 3 and complete.
Paragraph: “How does culture unify states?”
Choose 2 aspects of culture from the packet and write a persuasive paragraph titled “How ________ and ________ Unifies the State.”
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Critical Intro
Jared Diamond referred to the Neolithic Revolution as the “Worst mistake in the history of the human race”. What do you think his main arguments are.
Brainstorm then write in couple complete sentences.
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Paleolithic vs. Neolithic
Paleolithic Age = “Old Stone Age”
2.5 million – 12,000 B.C.E.
Neolithic Age = “New Stone Age”
Neolithic/Agricultural Revolution!
12,000 – 4,000 B.C.E.
What new technology do you think ends Neolithic Age?
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PaleolithicFood Sources
Hunting and Gathering
Hunting animals
Gathering plants, roots, nuts and berries
Nomadic – Constantly migrating in search of food, water
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PaleolithicShelter
Temporary!
Tents, caves
Skin, grass or mud-covered huts
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PaleolithicPopulation
Small clans of 20-60 people
Usually extended family
Why small groups?
Hunting & gathering can’t produce enough food for large pop.
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PaleolithicClothing
Animal skins
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PaleolithicResources
Used resources (materials) from their surroundings
Developed oral language.
Impact?
Learned how to make & use fire!!
Improved hunting, protection, warmth
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PaleolithicOccupation
Hunt and gather
Finding enough food to survive
Created “Cave art”
http://www.lascaux.culture.fr/?lng=en#/en/00.xml
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Paleolithic Life
Paleolithic people adapted to each new environment.
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Paleolithic Adaptations
New tools adapted to different environments.
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Paleolithic Adaptations(Economic structure)
Small HG kinship groups making what was needed.
Not all self-sufficient; exchanged people, ideas and goods.
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What do you think?
What do you think the occupational nature of the Paleolithic Period meant for technological advances?
How do you think this might change when people start farming?
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The Neolithic Revolution!
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Neolithic Revolution
Ending Ice Age
Warmer temps.
Growing pop.
Food demands
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First Neolithic SettlementsCatal Hoyuk and Jericho
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First Neolithic SettlementsCatal Hoyuk
• Southern Turkey• Approx. 7000
B.C.E• Protection
provided by connecting all buildings
• Relied on trade to supplement ag.
Goddess
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First Neolithic SettlementsJericho
• On Jordan River• Approx. 7000
B.C.E• Protection
provided by ditch & 12 ft. wall
• Relied on trade to supplement ag.
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Differed region to region
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Differed region to region
Different times & places independently: 10,000 – 3,000 B.C.E.
Different domesticated crops & animals
Which hemisphere do you think had the domestication advantage? Why?
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NeolithicFood Sources
Farming and domestication of animals!
Agricultural & pastoral societies
Reliable food source
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What do you think?
What do you think the impact will be on Neolithic shelter and population?
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NeolithicShelter
Permanent!
Clay or mud-brick houses
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NeolithicPopulation
Much larger populations
Villages and small towns
Farming & domestication supports large pops.
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NeolithicClothing
Woven cloth
Wool and cotton
Jewelry
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NeolithicResources
Extensive local trade and barter
Traveling farther for materials
Used advanced tools
Obsidian (volcanic) glass = important material
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What do you think?
Why do you think trade was able to expand so rapidly during the Neolithic Age?
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NeolithicOccupations
Farming, herding, trading
Artisanship – making things
Weaving, pottery, tool-making
Specialization of Labor!
People doing specific jobs
What is the connection between the Neolithic Revolution and Specialization?
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Neolithic/Agricultural RevolutionWhy “Revolution”?
Why do you think the period of farming and domestication is referred as a “Revolution”? Do you agree with the use of the word “Revolution”?
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Neolithic RevolutionAgriculturalist vs. Pastoralist
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Pastoral Society
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Sedentary Agricultural Society
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Agriculturalist vs. PastoralistEnvironmental Impacts?
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Agriculturalist vs. PastoralistEnvironmental Impacts?
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Role of Pastoralists?
Stimulate exchange between societies
Accelerate technological exchange
Threaten
agricultural
societies
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Big Changes in Daily Life
Aspects of Life
Paleolithic Era Neolithic Era
Social
Political
Economic
Technological
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Improvements in agricultural production, trade, and transportation
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PotteryHow did it improve life?
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PlowsHow did it improve life?
Early
Later
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Woven textilesHow did it improve life?
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MetallurgyHow did it improve life?
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Wheels and Wheeled VehiclesHow did it improve life?
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Olmec
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
Chavin
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
Mesopotamia
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
Egypt
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
China
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
India
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
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Mesopotamia
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
Egypt
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
China
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
India
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
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Olmec
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
Chavin
Geo./Environ
Econ.
Social
Political
Cultural
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New Weaponscompound bows
First emerged in 5th
century B.C.E.
China may have been first
Emerged in eastern Mediterranean around same time.
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New Weaponsiron weapons
First emerged between 1300 B.C.E. and 1000 B.C.E.
Earliest evidence from the Near East.
Hittites first to use on large scale; = great advantage
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New Modes of Transportationchariots
• Emerged in Near East between 2000 B.C.E. and 1500 B.C.E.
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New Modes of Transportationhorseback riding
Emerged in Near East and Steppes between 3500 B.C.E. and 2500 B.C.E.
Bit and stirrups were key developments
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New States Emerge
Characteristics of a civilization:• Food surpluses• Specialization• Advanced cities• Complex institutions• Clear social distinctions• Standardized writing system• Long-distance
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New States Emerge
“New States” or empires• Mobilized surplus labor & resources
over large areas• Rule by “divine right”; supported by
military• More favorably situated i.e. Hittites
(with iron), conquered surrounding states
• Earliest states/empires = in Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Nile Valley
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Common Culture Unifies States
Laws
Language
Literature
Religion
Myths
Monumental Art/Arch.
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Monumental Architecture
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Critical Intro.
With a partner, write 3 comparative thesis statements using the information in your organizer.
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Chavin Writing/Record KeepingQuipu
Andean record system consisting of a series of knotted ropes or strings to record events.
Used from Early Chavin period through Incan period
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The Epic of GilgameshWorld’s Oldest work of literature
Gilgamesh – King of Uruk
Approx. 2700 B.C.
Gilgamesh, two-thirds god and one-
third human, is the greatest king on
earth and the strongest super-
human that ever existed; however,
he is young and oppresses his
people harshly.
Back
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Hammurabi – “The Law Giver”Babylonian king created law code of 282 laws and punishments
Back
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The Emergence of Early ReligionThe Vedic, Hebrew and Zoroastrian belief systems
“Vedic Age” in India – p. 1071. How was the “Vedic Age” in India a result of the broader Indo-European migrations?
2. What was the most important early work of the Vedic Period? And, in what form was it originally?
3. Give examples of how the Vedic Period created the foundation for Hinduism in South Asia.
Hebrew Religion – p. 1201. From where did the Hebrews originate and what is our main source of information about their early beliefs?
2. What role did Abraham play in the creation of the Hebrew faith?
3. Describe the Hebrew fate between the 6th
century B.C.E. and the 2nd century C.E.?
4. Write one complex sentence summarizing how the Jewish concept of God represented an important change?
Zoroastrianism – p. 120-211. Zoroastrianism provided the cultural cohesion for which region/people?
2. Write a thesis statement comparing Zoroastrianism to the Hebrew religion.
3. What eventually (by the 8th century C.E.) displaced Zoroastrianism as a major religion in its region of origin?
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