apec women in science, technology, engineering and...
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2017/SOM2/PPWE/WKSP/003
APEC Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics: An Overview of the Framework
and Regional Trends
Submitted by: United States
APEC Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics: Building a Pipeline for Girls and Women - Coding the Way to Success
Ha Noi, Viet Nam 14-15 May 2017
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A joint project of the U.S. Agency for International Development, the U.S. Department of State, and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
APEC Women in STEM:A Framework for Understanding and Opportunity
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What have we learned? Where are we going? Agenda for Discussion
1. Background2. The Women in STEM Framework3. Representative examples and
opportunities4. Recommendations
1. BackgroundFrom Benchmarks to Reforms
The Five PPWE Priorities:• Access to Capital and Assets• Access to Markets• Skills, Capacity-Building, and
Health• Leadership, Voice, and Agency• Innovation and Technology
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“Innovation and Technology”The Women and the Economy Dashboard benchmarks and tracks changes in conditions impacting women across APEC
Five sets of indicators:1. Mobile technology2. Internet use3. “Networked readiness”4. Women in STEM5. “Green” awareness and activity
Indicators of inclusiveness and progressA glance at the Dashboard (Innovation and Technology)
Factor Source Indicators
Mobile Technology
International Tele-communications Union
a. Percentage of population who are mobile telephone users (by sex, where possible)
b. Percentage of total population covered by a mobile network signal
Internet Use International Tele-communications Union
Percentage of population who are Internet users (by sex, where possible)
“Networked Readiness”
World Economic Forum, Networked Readiness Index
Economy’s scores on following survey queries:
a. Affordability: mobile cellular tariffs (average per-minute costs of different types of mobile cellular calls)b. Government online service index (quality of government’s delivery of online services)c. Impact of ICT on access to basic services (access of all citizens basic online services—health, education, financial) d. Use of virtual social media networks (how widely used)
Women in STEM
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Science, Technology, and Innovation
a. Percentage of female graduates graduating from Science programs among all tertiary education science graduates.
b. Percentage of female graduates graduating from Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction among all Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction tertiary-education graduates.
c. Percentage of women researchers
d. Percentage of women R&D personnel
“Green” Awareness and Activity
Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy, et al. Environmental Performance Index
Economy’s score for environmental issues of particular interest to women in two broad policy areas: (a) protection of human health from environmental harm; and (b) protection of ecosystems, namely:
a. Household air qualityb. Exposure to air pollutionc. Wastewater treatmentd. Pesticide regulatione. Fish stocks
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Why is Women in STEM a priority?
“Without meaningful participation of women, STEM innovations that are crucial to economic growth – such as medical research, product development, and advances in engineering – are unlikely to reach their full potential, because they lack the insights and experience that women bring to the challenge.” APEC Women in STEM, p.8.
The APEC Women in STEM StudyIn 2016, governments, companies, and organizations from 15 APEC economies participated in survey of conditions for women in STEM
What are your economy’s (or firm’s) top priorities with respect to women and STEM?
Among your areas of intervention, what are the most promising practices?
What can APEC economies learn from one another, and how can they accelerate progress?
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2. The Women in STEM Framework
Encompassing all conditions:Enabling Environment
Culture
Diversity of experiences
History and awareness
Encouragement and inclusion
Law and regulations
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Establishing conditions for inclusion and growth:Education
Early and Primary School
Secondary Education and TVET
Higher Education
Lifelong Learning
Progressing through a career in STEM:Employment
Certification and
Preparedness
Recruitment
Retention
Leadership and
Advancement
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Setting a new path and creating jobs:Entrepreneurship
Knowledge and skills
Access to Capital
Access to Markets
Changes in policyEfforts to change culture through media and public outreach
Adjustments of curriculaSTEM immersion and mentoring
“Gender blind” recruitment and peer review Assistance to women re-entering workforce
Business incubatorsand entrepreneurship skills programs
for womenPrivate networks as resources for
markets and capital
3. Examples and Opportunities
Enabling Environment
Entrepreneurship Employment
Education
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4. Recommendations
1. Reform legal & regulatory constraints2. Create a model for re-introducing women into
contemporary understandings 3. Revisit the foundations in STEM Education4. Establish and strengthen opportunities for
collaboration5. Collect the data and respond to the numbers
accordingly6. Continue to provide a platform for women
leadership to be heard and have an active role7. Be more inclusive and less reclusive
Questions?