Appendix 1. Plan Summary and Workshop Introduction - PowerPoint Presentation by Steve Matthews

Okanagan Lake Action Plan'-'

Progress to Date'-'

· Year 7 in progress

· 10 year commitment from HCTF

· Qualified and quantified limiting factors tokokancc production- Habitat Loss

- Low in-lake survival

OK1 0K3 0K4 a<6 0K7 0K8

I8S88ON CREEKHA8lTAT R9TORAT1OH I'£AS/BIUTY

_fII____.._.-.......-....._K-~

:L0- _

'''''''? !::i1~I. _.! . .--.-.:'--

~. "L .. \. ..! 1-;;,;1..0:..-

i"'_~;-""!..~w._ i~~~

__c I,M<!~__~_"OI'flWt><-.c__~..x,'

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N:P Ratio Adjustment ProjectWorkshop Introduction

Workshop Goal: Obtain input from key agencyand non-government experts to determine if N:P ratiomanipulation would benefit kokanee recovery.

Objectives: provide rorum for presentation andscientific/engineering review or project in order to:

r Identify potential technical issues/ datagaps/ projectmodi fications

:;...Estahlish time frame for project implementation

:;...Develop document hased on workshop results toguide project implementation and assist inconsultation process

Okanagan Lake Action PlanWorkshop Conclusions / Next Steps

N: P Project Identified Issue / Action Points /

Component Recommendations Next Steps

Identification of

NitrogenLimitation

Feasibility of STPNitrogen

ExperimentalDesign

Appendix 2. Restorationof Kokanee stocks in Oligotrophiclakes and Reservoirs - PowerPoint Presentation byDr. Ken Ashley.

OKANAGAN, ARROW AND KOOTENAYLAKES

Presentation Outline

- Patterns or humandisturbanceand errects on oligotrophic rood webs-Adaptive Management Workshops-Examples or AM recovery plans:.Koo(enay Lake

-;\ rrow Reser\'oi I'

-Okanagan Lake-Conclusions

Effects on oligotrophic food webs·A reduction in nutrient loading and mysidintroduction generally leads to delayed collapse ofpelagic planktivores (kokanee), particularly inoligotrophic lakes and reservoirs

·kokanee collapse wasconfounded/masked/delayed by multiple basin salemanipulations (nutrients it, impoundment)

1,600,00

1,400,00

1,200,00

1,000,00

800,00

600,00

400,00

200,00

o1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 19901995

.s:;

t:oZCII~IUCil..JCII>-c:lUlUc:~ClIOO~~.

Year

AEA workshop and computermodelling

"Adaptive Environmental Assessment workshop-led hy Dr. Carl Walters in Feh/lJ I

- assemhled team or scientists. engineers and hiologists

° AEA workshop process

. reviewed changes in Kootenay Lake nutrient loading. waterquality. plankton and salmonid ahundance:

odeveloped testahle hypotheses to explain the ohserveddecline in kokanee ahundance:

oidenti lied pol icy options I'm restoring nali ve kokanee stocksin Kootenay Lake

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

1,600,000

1,400,000.c 1,200,0001::0 1,000,000Z

j 800,000

jG) 600,000»G) 400,000ftlCIii': 200,000_00:'::

00:.::.

1965 1970 1975

'".QE

100,000 ~

Kootenay Lake kokanee and Gerrards

I 500,000WJii!iI~. of kokanee(aDages)

_~. offish>32emlength(predators) 400,000 ~£<U..,~0.'"0>

200,000 "0

92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01

Year

Patterns of major human disturbance:Arrow Reservoir

Dam construction and operation

- Keenleyside Dam - 1967 (CBT on outflowColumbia River)

- Mica Dam - 1973 (CBT on inflowColumbia River)

- Revel stoke Dam - 1984 (on inflowColumbia River

- 20 m annual range in reservoir elevationsBiological manipulations

-My sid shrimp introduction - 1968+1974(Upper Arrow) and 1974 (Lower Arrow)

Temperate LakelRiver impoundment production response, >45"N latitude

10

:0

50,000,000

45,000,000

40,000,000

35,000,000'":JJ,000,000

"'"25,000,000

20,000,000z

15.000,000

10,000,000

5,000,000

IlDpoGDd...,DC

PhtlSe Pre- 'Boom' Transition 'BIISt' PostVu. 1-' ,-I "IS P''''''''''yProducOo. ...', 1(1)..120 10-100 .- ><>-SO(JC,,''y'',Total P '.4 10-14 '.4 1.3Trophic Slate oIi_ mcsotrophic oliCOWPtuc uitn-olipopNc ullni..obpopbK:Fisb prod. ... """"'.... ... 'Iow vcylowTraasparnC)' .... ,... modcnt.u:: .... ..",....

Adaptive ManagementRecoveryplans: Arrow Reservoir ---- ,',/"\,,_ _0--,_ *",-.0...-.*TI.-

.,.T2-large scale fertilization experiment

-used in-lake north-south nutrient gradient design --Fertilizer Loading schedule:

-Phase I (5 years): 1999-2004 - constant at 52.8 MT P-Pre-fertilization data collected in 1997 and 1998

_. N".....-1f,.~,T£~

E-.- ,'!in

. T(t-81

'''~T15 ~_::.." Oom

Sr'

"11' f-'""- -.

T1 SheIt8r e.yT2 Halfway R_T3 NakuapTE Below ~ (__.,T. EdgMooodT5 BowrnMI Cf...T8 Cayu88 0__

Qudy'_. N8CtIbre8k8 .....

_8008 _ OO'l~._Arrow 1IOif" ----------

" It " " " » .. » "Su ,...,

---------------------

_ 11II1_.._ ---

II" " I' " n.N » ",,..,

i

I '."'"..c

.-

I .

jI~

- _ OCT__.- - --

" " " 'I " » ~ » ",,...

Upper and Lower Arrow Reservoir kokanee

escapement

_ 1000000<:

E 800000~ 600000..UII..

400000

S 200000~ 0

1986 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 20021988 1990

Year

Okanagan Lake

-Dramatic decline in kokanee stocks since 1970

-Kokanee angling closed in 1995

·Numerous theories to explain kokanee decline:

.mysids introduced in 1966, eutrophication during the 1970'sand 1980's, exotic fish introductions, milfoil, lake levelmanipulation, toxic runoff, overfishing, headwaterimpoundments, urbanization, reduced stream flows

'9110 1990

Independent Modeling

Fig. 2. Ecosim run for Okanagan lake 1970-2000 (Mysis relicta (adult)).Circles represent historical biomass (linear extrapolation from 1970-1989 and historical data from 1989.2000; McEachern, 1999).

, - - - - - - - ~ ....--------0.78

0.760"

0.748 N

0.72 !..

0.70 :::E

0.68 ~"C

0.66 Iii,.,~

0.64

0.62

--..--KOkanee (1.3) biomass(2010)

J

-K__I..3)_120201- Mystd bIomaN (2010)

- - - Mysid ~ss (2020)

0.27 0.33 0.39 0.45 0.51 0.57 0.63 0.69 0.75 0.81 0.87 0.93 0.99

Ed!bilityof phytoplankton(reI.to 1970)

Fig. 10. Nutrient additions plus mysid fishery (at fishing effort 16) and itseffect on kokanee salmon and Mysis relicta biomass (relative to 2000).

14

g 12C>N....: 10!.. 8....E0 6:s.... 4c..""0 2:s::

0

Closing comments. overall cumulative impact or humans on the

ecology or these lakes has been signiricant

. these ecosystems arc large. but rragile -kOKaneearc sensitive limnological indicators

. nutrient addition has temporarily restoredkOKaneepopulations in Kootenay and Arro\\'

. Okanagan Lake situation is more comf1lex.andhypothesized to be a combination or mysid

. en'ecls + lo\\' N:P ratio/phytoplankton quality

. Active adaptive managcmcnt approach is akey part or BC s mysid-koKancc rccovcryplans

Appendix 3. Nitrogen Loadings to Okanagan Lake From WWTPS - Powerpoint presentation by Dr. Bill Oldham

Allacrohic ZOIlC

. To allow P-rcmo"al hllgs to rcleasc slorcd Palld lakc lip simple orgallic carholl rood.

. ZOIlC mllsl Ik' rrce or 0, alld Ililralcs 10

ll1aximi/'c P-rcll1o"al cap;il1ililics or thchiorcaclor.

. Prcscllcc or high COIlC. or simplc carholl(VFA) maximi/'cs o"erall P-rcmo"al illshOrlcsl Ii mc.

First Anoxic Zone

. Needed to remove any nitrates cntcring thcbiorcactor rrom thc RAS or PE bcrorc thcycan intcrrcrc with thc purposc or thcanacrobic zone.

. Nitrates are used by hetcrotrophs in the RASto replace °21'01'respiration.

. Simple carbon in the PE is used prererentiallyin this reaction.

Second Anoxic Zone

. Used to convert nitrates rormcd in the aerobiczonc to nitrogen gas. which in turn is releasedto the atmosphere.

. The internal recycle line is used to translCr thenitrates to thc anoxic zonc.

. To max. dcnitrirication capacity, one mustminimize 02 concentration at the end or theacrobic zone.

Second Anoxic Zone (cont'd.)

. The higher the internal recycle rate, thehigher the percentage or rormed nitratesthat gets to the anoxic zone rordenitrirication. However, the practicalupper limit appears to be about 3x thePE flow rate, due to the negative impactor DO that also gets returned.

Aerobic Zone

. To dcgradeanyorganiccarbon (BOD) thathas not becn utilizcd during dcnitrirication inthc anoxic zone (hctcrotrophs).

. To oxidize all ammonia to nitrates by meansor autotrophs that grow much more slowlythan heterotrophs.

. To take up and store P in the rorm orpolyphosphatc (special hctcrotrophs).

CURREi'\T C<)NDITIOi'\S

SOLIrcc Flow P[TN FE TN TN to(,\ll)d) (Illg/I.) (Illg/I,) Lakc

(g/d)1-:,'lo\\l1a 27 30 4 110

VcnHHI 14 41 - 3

\\'c,thal1 4 50 4.7 I()

SUIJlIllCr. 1,6 39 5.1 X

I.a" Clry .25 91 X.9 2

Vemon needs about] 40 kW 1'01'current nowswith rull I3NR treatment

II' reduce denit to minimum, extra 35 kWneeded to supply 02 in place or NO,Annual cost @ $.Oo/kWh =35(24)(305)(.00)

=$18,500/yr

Extra N = 447(.07)(305) = II o,ono kg/yrCost = $18,500/ I ]0 = $1o5/tonne

Shut oIl nitrified recycle (power saving)

Aerate second anoxic zone (capital cost plusextra power)

Blmver capacity??

Extra overall plant capacity ir secondaryclaririers can withstand higher now andsolids loading