APPENDIX A Rehabilitation Plan

Rehabilitation Plan

Rehabilitation Plan Oresome Bauxite Pty Ltd

Contents 1 Introduction 2

1.1 Purpose of Plan 2 2 Description of the Mine Site 3

2.1 Location 3 2.2 Climate 3 2.3 Vegetation 3

3 Objectives 6 3.1 Vision 6 3.2 Successful Rehabilitation in the Region 6 3.3 Rehabilitation Phases 7 3.4 Statutory Requirements 7 3.5 Stakeholders 8

4 Decommissioning of the Site 15 4.1 UBx Infrastructure Area 15 4.2 Surface water 15 4.3 Groundwater 15 4.4 Overburden and Soil Emplacement 16

5 Rehabilitation Planning 18 5.1 Projected Final Land Use 18 5.2 Operations Plan 18 5.3 Completion Criteria 18

5.3.1 Objective A: Safe Landscape 19 5.3.2 Objective B: Stable Landscape 19 5.3.3 Objective C: Visual Amenity 19 5.3.4 Objective D: Functional, Self-sustaining Vegetation Community 20 5.3.5 Objective E: Recolonisation by Culturally Significant Wildlife 20 5.3.6 Objective F: Resistance to Natural Stresses 21 5.3.7 Objective G: No Impacts to Water Quality 21

6 Rehabilitation Process 22 6.1 Site Preparation 22 6.2 Orchid Identification and Translocation 22

6.2.1 Species Identification 22 6.2.2 Removal 23 6.2.3 Relocating 23

6.3 Soil Management 27 6.3.1 Soil Fungi Spore Bank 27 6.3.2 Soil Classification 27 6.3.3 Soil Handling and Placement 27 6.3.4 Surface Preparation 30 6.3.5 Mulching and Timber Placement 30 6.3.6 Topsoil Scarification 30

6.4 Revegetation 30

6.4.1 Species Selection 31 6.4.2 Seed Management 31 6.4.3 Seed Collecting 31 6.4.4 Seed Storage 32 6.4.5 Seed Purchasing 33 6.4.6 Seed mixes and Sowing Rates 33 6.4.7 Tubestock 33 6.4.8 Sowing Time 34 6.4.9 Field Germination 34

6.5 Erosion Control 34 6.6 Changes to Surface Elevations 34

6.6.1 Suitable Vegetation in Low Lying Areas 35 7 Rehabilitation Maintenance 45

7.1 Adaptive Management 45 7.2 Rehabilitation Upgrade Guidelines 45 7.3 Erosion 46 7.4 Fire 46 7.5 Weeds 47

7.5.1 Preventative Measures 48 7.5.2 Controls 48

8 Monitoring Assessment 50 8.1 Annual Assessment 50 8.2 BioCondition Assessment 50

8.2.1 Components of BioCondition Assessment 50 8.2.2 Identification of Reference Sites and Benchmarks 51 8.2.3 Assessment of Reference Sites 52 8.2.4 BioCondition Field Assessment for Rehabilitated Areas 54 8.2.5 Filing of BioCondition Assessment Field Sheets 54

8.3 Water Monitoring 55 8.4 Completion Criteria Assessment 55

9 Risk Assessment and Contingencies 57 10 Glossary 61 11 References 63 List of Figures Figure 1 Project Location 5 Figure 2 Rehabilitation stages at Gove 7 Figure 3 Mining Phase 1 9 Figure 4 Rehabilitation at the end of year 1 10 Figure 5 Rehabilitation at the end of year 2 11 Figure 6 Rehabilitation at the end of year 3 12 Figure 7 Rehabilitation at the end of year 4 13 Figure 8 Rehabilitation at the end of year 5 14 Figure 9 Locations of Threatened and Near Threatened Flora 26 Figure 10 Panel Mining Methodology 29 Figure 11 Natural Surface Elevation at UBx 37

Figure 12 Predicted Difference in Surface Elevation Post-Mining 38 Figure 13 Stage 1 Elevation Change 39 Figure 14 Stage 2 Elevation Change 40 Figure 15 Stage 3 Elevation Change 41 Figure 16 Stage 4 Elevation Change 42 Figure 17 Stage 5 Elevation Change 43 Figure 18 Stage 6 Elevation Change 44 Figure 19 Reference Site Locations 53

List of Tables Table 1 Priority species within the Cape York Peninsula Heritage Area recorded within the UBx area 4 Table 2 Objective A Completion Criteria 19 Table 3 Objective B Completion Criteria 19 Table 4 Objective C Completion Criteria 20 Table 5 Objective D Completion Criteria 20 Table 6 Objective E Completion Criteria 21 Table 7 Objective F Completion Criteria 21 Table 8 Objective G Completion Criteria 21 Table 9 Seed collection schedule for key woody plants of the UBx 32 Table 10 Seed mix to be added to rehabilitation sites 33 Table 11 Criteria and Process for Adaptive Rehabilitation 45 Table 12 Weed species recorded in UBx and listed as highest priority by the Wik people 47 Table 13 Recommended herbicides for weed control 49 Table 14 Components of a BioCondition Assessment Relative to UBx 51 Table 15 Reference Site Locations 52 Table 16 Indicators for Rehabilitated Sites 54 Table 17 Water monitoring frequency 55 Table 18 Likelihood Ratings 57 Table 19 Maximum Reasonable Consequence Ratings 57 Table 20 Risk Matrix 57 Table 21 Risk Classification 58 Table 22 Key risks associated with site rehabilitation, biodiversity and land management 58 Table 23 Proposed mitigation measures to reduce key risks 59

List of Plates Plate 1 Cooktown Orchid flower 24 Plate 2 Chocolate Tea Tree Orchid flower 24 Plate 3 Typical vine thicket where D. bigibbum and D. joahnnis were located 25 Plate 4 Tree fork and hollow where ephiphytic orchids typically grow 25

List of Appendices Appendix A BioCondition Assessment Field Sheet 60

Document History and Status Revision Date Issued Reviewed By Approved By Date Approved Revision Type

A 19 July 2016 M Breitfuss M Breitfuss 19 July 2016 For client review

B 29 August 2016 M Breitfuss M Breitfuss 29 August 2016 For submission to DEHP

C 1 December 2016 M Breitfuss M Breitfuss 5 December 2016 Response to RFI

D 15 December 2016 M Breitfuss M Breitfuss 14 December 2016 Comments to DEHP

E 27 March 2017 M Breitfuss M Breitfuss 27 March 2017 Response to DEHP comments

Distribution of Copies

Version Date Issued Quantity Electronic Issued To

Draft for Review 19 July 2016 1 1 Chris Broadhead for review

Final 29 August 2016 1 1 Following receipt of comments, issued to Chris Broadhead

Draft for Review 15 December 2016 1 1 DEHP for comment

Final 27 March 2017 1 1 DEHP

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1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of Plan Oresome Bauxite Pty Ltd (Oresome), a subsidiary of Metallica Minerals Ltd, plans to develop the Urquhart Bauxite Project (UBx), at a site approximately 5 km south of the township of Weipa on the west coast of Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. In June 2015, Oresome lodged an application for a ML (MLA100044) for the Project, comprising 1,359hectares (ha) and covering two areas of bauxite – Area A and Area B - within exploration permit for minerals (EPM) 15268. If both Area A and Area B are mined, approximately 774 ha of native woodland will be cleared over an eight year mining period. The area of clearing would include 276 ha of Eucalyptus tetrodonta woodland, 405 ha of Eucalyptus tetrodonta and Corymbia nesophila woodland and up to 51 ha of various other vegetation types. A significant proportion of land surrounding Area A and Area B within the MLA (approximately 503 ha) will be retained as undisturbed native vegetation where this does not affect mining operations or present a health and safety risk. Following the removal of bauxite, Oresome aims to return the UBx mining lease to a native ecological community that is progressing towards a state resembling vegetation that occurred onsite prior to mining. Dry season mining will provide an opportunity for progressive rehabilitation of mining panels during each wet season. This rehabilitation plan outlines potential impact areas for the UBx Project such as surface water, groundwater, soil emplacement and invasive species and provides strategies for ongoing mitigation and management. The objective of this plan is to ensure progressive rehabilitation of the UBx, resulting in site decommissioning leaving the area safe, fit for purpose, and non-polluting. This will ensure that community and future generations are left with no residual liability for site rehabilitation or maintenance.

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2 Description of the Mine Site 2.1 Location The UBx MLA area is located on Lot 213, SP241407 (Aurukun Shire Council) and Lot 10, SP266623 (Napranum Aboriginal Shire). The MLA area is on the southern bank of the Embley River, 5 km south of Weipa, Queensland (Figure 1). The western side of the Project is bounded by Roberts Creek, the south by Wooldrum Creek (also referred to as Triluck Creek) and to the east is the adjacent Rio Tinto Amrun Bauxite Project on ML7024.

The UBx comprises two bauxite deposits (Area A and Area B). These bauxite deposits are located within the northeast of EPM15268 and comprise an area of approximately 774 ha. An additional 12 ha of land will be required to support internal access roads and associated mine infrastructure.

Mined material would be hauled approximately 16 km by truck across ML7024 to the existing Hey Point Bauxite Project (HPBP) loading facility on ML20611 which is operated by Green Coast Resources. Road access to the Project for construction will be from the Peninsula Developmental Road (PDR) via the Aurukun Road, and existing access tracks through private land and ML7024. 2.2 Climate The Project area experiences an equatorial climate, according to the Köeppen classification system (Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) 2016). This includes two distinctive seasons: a summer wet (December to March) and a winter dry (April to November) season.

The mean rainfall is 1,784 mm, but 85% of this falls between December and March. In contrast, the driest four months of the year (June to September) receive <1% of the annual rainfall. The wet season is characterised by regular thunderstorms and heavy rain events. Cyclones occur relatively frequently; they passed within 200 km of Weipa during 74% of the last 50 wet seasons (BOM 2016).

In contrast to highly seasonal rainfall, the temperature at Weipa remains relatively stable year-round. Mean monthly maxima vary between 30.4°C (July) and 35.5°C (October-November). Mean monthly minima vary between 18.7°C (August) and 24.2°C December and January) (BOM 2016). 2.3 Vegetation Most (85%) of the UBx MLA comprises regional ecosystems (RE): Eucalyptus tetrodonta woodland (RE 3.2.10c) and E. tetrodonta and Corymbia nesophila woodland (RE 3.5.2). The dominant tree is E. tetrodonta, but C. nesophila, Alstonia actinophylla, Parinari nonda and Erythrophleum chlorostachys are common constituents of the sub-canopy. The midstorey is generally sparse, due to regular fires, and is dominated by a range of shrubs, including Acacia rothii, Ficus opposita, Grevillea glauca, Planchonia careya and Syzygium suborbiculare. The grassy understorey is dominated by Sarga plumosum, Heteropogon triticeus, Eriachne rara and Cymbopogon refractus, but also contains a high diversity of other grasses and herbs. A number of threatened plant species have been detected to date within E. tetrodonta forest in the UBx area. The Biodiversity Planning Assessment for the Cape York Peninsula Heritage Area and site ecological survey identified 18 plant species inhabiting the E. tetrodonta forest at UBx as having regional or State significance (Table 1).

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Table 1 Priority species within the Cape York Peninsula Heritage Area recorded within the UBx area

Species Reason Significance Habitats within UBx

Flora

Acacia brassii Endemic State Swampy open forest

Antirhea ovatifolia Endemic State Vine forest

Brachychiton muellerianus Near endemic State Open forest

Corymbia nesophila Disjunct population State Open forest

Dendrobium biggibum Endemic State/National Vine forest

Eucalyptus brassiana Stronghold in Cape York Regional Swampy open forest

Eulalia mackinlayi Disjunct population State Swampy open forest

Galactia sp. Andoom Endemic State Open forest

Gossia floribunda Endemic State Vine forest

Helicteres sp. Heathlands Endemic State Open forest

Hibbertia candicans Disjunct population State Open forest

Polymeria sp. Aurukun Endemic State Open forest

Sauropus podenzanae Endemic State Open forest

Sersalisia unmackiana Endemic State Open forest

Spermacoce papuana Near endemic State Open forest

Spermacoce sp. Andoom Endemic State Open forest

Tephrosia laxa Disjunct population State Sand dunes

Tinospora esiangkara Disjunct population State Open forest

Utricularia limosa Disjunct population Regional Wetland edge

Where significant vegetation species are identified on the site prior to or during clearing activities, care will be taken to avoid (if possible) or translocate individuals. A diversity of other vegetation types (mangroves, vine forests, paperbark swamps, sand dunes) occur within the UBx MLA in small, isolated patches, mainly along the western coast. These support numerous species not found in the E. tetrodonta forest on the bauxite plateau. As these species and habitats will not be disturbed by the UBx these are not considered a main target for rehabilitation. Nevertheless, there is a possibility that in some mined areas the new ground surface levels could be more conducive to lower-lying vegetation communities (e.g. paperbark swamps).

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Regional Location

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3 Objectives 3.1 Vision

Following the removal of bauxite, Oresome aims to return the UBx MLA to a locally native ecological community that is progressing towards a state resembling vegetation that occurred onsite prior to mining and being analogous to surrounding unmined areas within MLA100044.

The objectives of mine rehabilitation are to:

• Create a landscape safe for humans and wildlife into the foreseeable future • Create a stable landscape with natural rates of erosion • Establish vegetation communities that resemble those originally found onsite, which blend

visually with the surrounding landscape and vegetation • Establish functional, self-sustaining vegetation communities • Re-establish key fauna and flora culturally important to Traditional Owners • Establish ecosystems that resemble neighbouring unmined forests in their ability to respond to

fire, termites, droughts and cyclones • Ensure minimal post-mining impacts on surface catchments

3.2 Successful Rehabilitation in the Region The success of previous rehabilitation efforts provides valuable insight into the recommended practices to be undertaken at UBx. Rio Tinto Alcan operates a bauxite mine on a 20,000 ha mining lease at Gove, in north-eastern Arnhem Land, Northern Territory. The goal of rehabilitation at Gove was to establish a similar ecological community to that of existing prior to mining (E. tetrodonta dominated open forest, with a diversity of species used by Traditional Owners). The use of locally native species, apart from short-lived pioneer grasses to stabilise topsoil, allowed the progressive succession of pioneer species including Acacia sp. and Grevillea sp. and later, the development of equilibrium canopy species. The successful development of a native vegetation community at Gove has allowed recolonisation by local fauna, making it comparable to reference sites and surrounding unmined areas. UBx is heavily based on the successful rehabilitation methodology employed at Gove. Any limitations to the Gove model, and other surrounding rehabilitation efforts, have been amended in this plan. Progressive rehabilitation stages of Gove provide an appropriate visual reference to the various stages of rehabilitation (Figure 2).

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Figure 2 Rehabilitation stages at Gove

3.3 Rehabilitation Phases An overview of planned rehabilitation phases at UBx is provided in Figures 3 to 8. These figures summarise the progression of rehabilitation at the end of each mining year (1 to 6). Rehabilitation will commence at the end of each dry season before the onset of the wet season. Thus by the end of the third year of mining, the first area to have been mined and rehabilitated should begin to resemble a similar ecological community to that existing prior to mining in terms of species composition. The latest rehabilitated area should exhibit pioneer species, such as grasses, with woody vegetation emerging in the second year of rehabilitation (Figure 8).

3.4 Statutory Requirements The fundamental reasons for rehabilitation are to reduce the apparent disturbance caused by authorised mining activities and to minimise the potential for future environmental harm. In Queensland, there is a legal requirement under the Environmental Protection Act 1994 (EP Act) for land to be rehabilitated post-mining. Sections 125 (1) (l) (i) (E) of the EP Act state that applications for an environmental authority should include details about how land will be rehabilitated after the relevant activity ceases. The administering authority must be satisfied with the rehabilitation before it can accept the surrender of an environmental authority. This decision is based on an assessment of a final rehabilitation report, to be prepared by the holder of the environmental authority. Rehabilitation requirements are specified in a guideline published by the Queensland Government Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (DEHP: Rehabilitation Requirements for Mining Resource Activities EM112, version 2). This guideline dictates that the end result of rehabilitation should, to the maximum extent possible, be maintenance free and require no future management intervention beyond normal land management practices for the post-mining land use.

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Landowners and land managers have a legal responsibility under the Biosecurity Act 2014 (Bio Act) (this Act replaced the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002) to keep their land free of Class 1 and Class 2 pests. It is an offence to introduce, keep or supply these plants and animals. 3.5 Stakeholders Community engagement and consultation has been ongoing during the development of the UBx. This engagement has included formal discussions with a range of parties, including:

• Private landowners • Community members and organisations • Napranum Aboriginal Shire Council • Aurukun Shire Council • Local emergency services (fire and rescue, ambulance, police) • Queensland Health • Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (DEHP) • Department of Transport and Main Roads • Department of the Environment (Commonwealth) • RTA Weipa Pty Ltd • Green Coast Resources Pty Ltd • North Queensland Bulk Ports Corporation • Weipa Port Authority • Traditional Owners of the land