application of management tools: total quality management course
TRANSCRIPT
Management ToolsAPPLICATION OF
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
Agenda•History of M.P. Tools•Management tools•Affinity Diagram•Activity Network Diagram•Process Decision Program Chart•Interrelationship Diagram
History•Operations Research work done after World War II• The Japanese Total Quality Control (TQC) research• Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (JUSE)
Promote InnovationCommunicate Information
Successfully Plan Major Projects
Management Tools
Affinity Diagram
Interrelationship
Diagram
Process Decision Program
Chart
Activity Network Diagram
Prioritization Matrix
Tree Diagram
Matrix Diagram
Affinity DiagramJiro Kawakita Method
“Use the affinity diagram when facts or thoughts are uncertain and need to be organized, when preexisting ideas or paradigms need to be overcome, when ideas need to be clarified, and when unity within a team needs to be created.”
Kaoru IshikawaJapanese Organizational Theorist(Invented cause-and –effect diagram)Professor Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo
Low Participation Low Budget
Delays in Procurement
Lack of
Information
Less Coordination
Lack of publicityMinimal Paper Wastage
Activities for Leadership skillsLatest News Updates for
StudentsEffective Events
Lack of good designing Regular blog
updates
Website maintenance
Inviting Resource persons
Paperwork
Scenario: Common Society Issues
DepartmentsResearch
• Brainstorm activities on leadership and sustainability
• Latest news for blog and website
• Scheduling of events
• Publicity without wasting paper
Designing
• Posters designing• Blog designing• Blog updates• Website
designing• Online design
resources• Brand design
(font, colors, size, etc.) specifications
Event Management
• Publicity and Promotions
• Effective event implementation
• Event coordination
• Ensure high participation
• Hospitality to all incoming resource persons
• paperwork
External Affairs
• Evaluating society regularly
• Feedbacks from sponsors
• Inviting companies / resource persons
• Generating monthly reports
• Resources management
Activity NetworkDiagram
1) Identify all activities and relationships among them.
2) Sketch the diagram. 3) Estimate the times for each activity, or node,
in the diagram4) Determine the critical path, the longest path
from the beginning to the end of the project5) Evaluate the diagram for milestones and target
dates in the overall project.
Implementation of Activity Network Diagram
1) The most likely time. (L)2) The most optimistic time. (O)3) The most pessimistic time. (P)Expected Time = (O + 4*L + P) / 6Limits of Expected Variation = ( P – O ) / 6
For Evaluation of network diagrams:
Scenario:Home Construction
Work Average time Optimistic time
Pessimistic time
Excavate 5 days 4 days 7 days
Foundation 2 days 2 days 3 days
Frame 12 days 10 days 14 days
Electrical 9 days 8 days 10 days
Roof 5 days 5 days 5 days
Masonry 8 days 8 days 8 days
Interior 10 days 8 days 11 days
Exterior 7 days 7 days 8 days
Landscape 5 days 4 days 6 days
5 122 5
9
8
57
10
Most Likely Time : 5 + 2 + 12 + 9 + 10 + 7 + 5 = 50 daysOptimistic Time : 4 + 2 + 10 + 8 + 8 + 7 + 4 = 43 daysPessimistic Time : 7 + 3+ 14 + 10 + 11 + 8 + 6 = 59 daysExpected Time : ( 43 + 59 + 4*50 ) / 6 = 50.3 daysLimits of Expected Variation : ( 59 – 43 ) / 6 = 2.7 days
For the critical path, we canexpect the project to take from
47.6 days to 53.0 days
Process DecisionProgram Chart
(PDPC)
1) Identifying what can go wrong (failure mode or risks).
2) Consequences of that failure (effect or consequence) 3) Possible countermeasures (risk mitigation action plan)
Implementation of PDPC
Scenario:PlanningofConference
InterrelationshipDiagram
1.Develop the problem statement.
2.Develop issues related to the problem
3.Arrange the issues in a circle4.Identify cause-and-effect
relationships.
Implementation of Interrelationship Diagram
DRIVER
OUTCOME
Meaningful Measure of Success
Scenario: what are the issues related to reducing litter?
Thank YouAny Questions ?