apply safe working practices - gateway : welcome · hair, beauty & make-up academy iii getting...

meadowbank college

APPLY SAFE WORKING PRACTICES SIRXOHS001A

Learner Guide Student:

Block/Class:

Facilitator:

Semester:

hair, beauty & make-up academy

The Northern Sydney Institute Part of TAFE NSW

would like to extend their thanks to those who have contributed to the content of this Learner Guide:

♦ Teachers of Beauty Therapy and Hairdressing from hair, beauty & make-up academy - Meadowbank Campus.

First printed: February 2010

Print Version No: B3

Print Run Date: F14

hair, beauty & make-up academy i

Getting Started iii

Section A Safety Legislation 1

Section B Safety in the Workplace 5

Section C Risk Management & Reporting 21

Section D Emergency Procedures 33

Section E Revision Quiz 39

Section F Glossary of Terms 43

Student Assessment Guide 47

ii hair, beauty & make-up academy

hair, beauty & make-up academy iii

Getting Started

Information about this learner guide This learner guide covers the unit of competency SIRXOHS001A Apply safe working practices which is part of the SIB10 Beauty Training Package.

It is a core unit for the following qualifications:

18930 Certificate II in Retail Make Up & Skin Care (SIB20110) 18931 Certificate II in Nail Technology (SIB20210) 18932 Certificate III in Beauty Services (SIB30110) 18933 Certificate IV in Beauty Therapy (SIB40110) 18934 Diploma of Beauty Therapy (SIB50110)

The guide has been designed to help you develop the skills and knowledge required to maintain a safe work environment for staff, customers and others and observe basic safety and emergency procedures and it covers the following elements of competency:

1. Observe basic safety procedures

2. Observe basic emergency procedures

A variety of learning activities have been included to support you in developing the skills and knowledge you need to achieve competence in this unit.

Your will be expected to demonstrate that you have acquired the skills and knowledge specified in the unit of competency. You may be asked to:

• answer written and/or oral questions

• demonstrate the practical skills you have acquired

• complete relevant workplace documentation.

Assessment for this unit must be conducted by an assessor from a Registered Training Organisation (RTO). Refer to the Assessment section at the end of this guide for more information.

Use your trainer or supervisor as an additional learning resource. If you have any problems with your learning discuss them with your trainer or supervisor at the earliest opportunity.

iv hair, beauty & make-up academy

Getting Started

Suggested resources

The following references may provide you with additional information and ideas as you progress through this unit.

Websites

www.health.nsw.gov.au/public-health/ehb/publications

www.workcover.nsw.gov.au

www.unionsafe.labor.net.au

www.premiers.nsw.gov.au

www.women.nsw.gov.au

www.apfa.net.au

Government Information

Work Cover 131050

Skin Penetration Guidelines (02) 9515 3180

NSW Health (02) 9391 9000

Department for Women 1800 817 227

http://www.unionsafe.labor.net.au/

http://www.premiers.nsw.gov.au/

http://www.women.nsw.gov.au/

hair, beauty & make-up academy v

Getting Started

Glossary of Icons You will find these icons to help guide you through the information:

This icon indicates an activity or quiz for you to complete.

vi hair, beauty & make-up academy

Getting Started

hair, beauty & make-up academy 1

Section A – Safety Legislation


What you will cover in this section:

The two steps to Section A – Safety Legislation are:

Step 1 Occupational Health and Safety

Step 2 Skin Penetration Guidelines

2 hair, beauty & make-up academy


Step 1 Occupational Health and Safety

To ensure the safety of all staff, clients and persons in the workplace, legislation has brought about Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) laws in each State and Territory of Australia. The National Health and Safety Commission have developed a Code of Practice in order to:

► Provide practical guidance to employers in meeting certain standards, facilities and amenities in their workplace;

► Prohibit certain activities in the workplace;

► Maintain the workplace in a safe and healthy condition.

OH&S legislation was jointly developed by Government, employers and unions with the intent of enabling employers and employees to deal with workplace safety and health through consultation and co-operation.

This is very relevant to beauty operators. As salons provide services to clients, employers and employees have a responsibility to ensure that they do so in a safe environment. Your local council are required to administer and monitor the salons in their local area.

Other policies to consider include:

NSW Work Cover OH&S Act 2000

Skin Penetration Guidelines NSW 2000

Factories Shops and Industries Regulation 1962 Amended 1992

Workers Compensation Act Amended 1985

Hazardous Substances Regulation 12 July 1996

Local Government Act, ordinance 55 and 71

Public Health Act 1991

Trade Waste Policy



Step 2 Skin Penetration Guidelines

These guidelines explain safe practices, minimal standards and infection control procedures, and incorporate ‘best practice’ information for owner/operators of skin penetration premises.

The risk of transmission of infection can be minimised by ensuring that the premises are maintained in a clean and hygienic manner. Standard precautions are used, effective sterilisation of equipment is achieved and waste is disposed of correctly.

Unsafe or unhygienic procedures may affect the health of both the client and the operator. Where procedures involving skin penetration are not managed correctly, they may transmit bacterial, fungal or viral infections, including HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

The aims of the Guideline are to minimise the risk of transmission of micro-organisms, promote a safe working environment, and promote public awareness of safe working practices and procedures and to be user friendly. The Guideline applies to all people involved with skin penetration procedures including:

► Body Piercing ► Ear Piercing ► Electrolysis ► Tattooing ► Henna Tattooing ► Cosmetic Enhancement and Semi Permanent Makeup ► Hairdressing ► Beauty Treatments

You can view and further research the Skin penetration Guidelines at:

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/public-health/ehb/general/skinpen/guidelines_skin_pen.pdf

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/public-health/ehb/general/skinpen/guidelines_skin_pen.pdf



Activity 1

What are the OH&S guidelines in your salon? Does the salon have a policy? (If not, write a suggested policy).

OH&S in the work place is a serious issue. An unattended situation can ultimately lead to a serious accident that may result in death. Never leave it to some one else to address a safety issue. The responsibility is yours.


Section B - Safety in the Workplace

Section B – Safety in the Workplace


The four steps to Section B – Safety in the Workplace are:

Step 1 Hazards in the workplace

Step 2 Identifying physical hazards

Step 3 Identifying chemical hazards

Step 4 Identifying biological hazards



Step 1 Hazards in the workplace

Legislation exists to ensure that your workplace environment is a safe and healthy place for you to work. This legislation also helps to ensure the safety of customers that enter your workplace.

Before we can ensure a safe environment, we first need to identify hazards within the workplace, assess what risks may evolve from these hazards and then take steps to avoid injury from these hazards. Many accidents can be prevented by looking for the things that may cause them, for example a puddle of water or a faulty blow dryer.

Hazards

A hazard is anything that may result in injury or harm to the health of a person. Both employees and employers

should work together to identify hazards and control them in the workplace.

It is the employer’s responsibility to provide a safe place for you to work, to supply equipment to make this possible and arrange any necessary repairs and to provide you with OH&S training. It is the employee’s responsibility to follow instructions, work within the guidelines and inform the employer if a hazard exists.

Hazards may be divided into three categories:

1. Physical: for example injury due to poor posture, repetitive movements or even slipping over on spilled liquid.

2. Chemical: for example peroxides, acetone, monomers etc.

3. Biological: for example transmission of live organisms or pathogens such as hepatitis.



Step 2 Identifying physical hazards

SALON STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS

The salon must be structurally suitable to provide beauty treatments. The basins and surrounding areas must be of material that is durable, smooth, and moisture resistant and can be easily cleaned.

SALON HYGIENE

The salon must be clean and well ventilated and must have adequate facilities for cleaning and storing appliances and utensils hygienically.

SALON FACILITIES

The salon must have adequate washing, drainage and ventilation, with lighting, floor coverings, shelves, fittings and furniture suitable for beauty treatments. The washbasins must have a common spout for hot and cold running water. Shelves, fittings and furniture must be covered with a material that is durable, smooth, and moisture-resistant and can be easily cleaned.

Cleaning Work Surfaces

After use by each client, the surfaces of chairs, couches, benches, tables and other working surfaces where there has been contact with the client’s skin are to be treated with a hospital grade disinfectant.

Disposal of Waste

Waste should be placed in plastic lined receptacles. These should be double bagged, tied and sealed and disposed of in the general garbage daily. Waste bags and containers must not be overfilled as this prevents closure and increases the chance of rupture.



FIXTURES AND FITTINGS

All fixtures and fittings need to be cleaned and repaired regularly. Any irregularity in electrical equipment should be checked and maintained by and electrician. All electrical equipment should be checked and tagged by a qualified person on an annual basis to ensure it remains safe for use. Worn cords and plugs should be replaced.

Activity 2

Make a list of fault/s that may occur in the following salon electrical equipment:

Electrical Equipment Fault/s

Wax pots

Electric File

Foot Spa

Facial Steamer

Kettle

Microwave



OH&S COMMITTEE

Many stores will have a committee for OH&S. In some states/territories this may be a legal requirement. The general aims of the committee is to ensure employees participate in determining safety policy and procedures and to ensure health and safety issues are dealt with effectively and systematically. This ensures everyone accepts their responsibility to contribute to a safe work environment.

In your salon, you may have an elected OH&S representative. This job is a joint responsibility between the employer and employee and is to maintain a safe working environment for all. Their duties consist of:

Informing employer, fellow staff members and clients of potential risks

Assessing the safety in the salon/workplace

Recommending and implementing chances to avoid any hazards

Representing staff at meetings

YOUR ROLE

While employers have legal responsibilities to keep the workplace safe, as an employee you have an important part in preventing accidents which may affect yourself and others. You can do this by being aware of common causes of basic workplace accidents and injuries, using safe workplace practices and knowing how to respond to risks and emergencies.

Operator Hygiene

Broken skin or infections on exposed parts of an operator's body must be covered with a waterproof dressing to protect both operator and client. If a cut or abrasion is on the hand, disposable gloves must be worn.



Clothing

Operators should wear a clean, washable garment, such as an apron or a uniform, intended exclusively for use when attending clients. Pockets on clothing should not be used. A clean garment must be worn daily. Protective over clothes should be removed and stored in the work area before breaks and using toilet facilities. Clothing should be changed once soiled. Hair must be kept clean and away from the treatment area

Safe Manual Handling

Physical hazards include personal hazards - those that affect you physically when carrying out your duties. Beauty Therapy is a very physical occupation. As a beauty operator, you need to be aware of how to prevent any injuries and strain to your body. These hazards can be avoided or minimised by using correct posture, rest periods and ergonomically correct equipment.

With the manual skills used in beauty therapy, strains can be placed on your back, shoulders, arms, hands, legs and feet. Examples are:

Posture: you need to remember to stand up and keep your back straight. Wear flat supportive shoes and keep your weight evenly distributed on both feet.

Work area design: The work area must be designed in a way where materials and equipment are located close to the operator, chairs should be adjustable. The work surface height should not be too high or too low, the operator should have adequate lighting. This will decrease the need to bend reach or twist to perform tasks



Skin irritations: Dermatitis is a skin inflammation which is very

common in beauty therapy. To avoid skin inflammation, make sure you, wear protective gloves, keep your hands as dry as possible, avoid contact with chemicals and make sure to moisturise and use barrier creams regularly.

Over 60% of injuries at work result from improper manual handling. As the person doing the ‘handling’, you are responsible if you are injured at work.

Bending and lifting: as beauty therapy is a physical occupation, there is also the chance of having to lift and carry boxes of stock etc. To avoid back injury or strain when performing these duties, you need to ensure you always:

► Evaluate the load’s size and suitability for lifting.

► Lift with a straight back.

► Use your thigh muscles, not your back muscles.

► Space feet apart for a balanced stance.

► Keep the load close to the body.

► Lift with the muscles of your legs and buttocks not with back.



Step 3 Identifying chemical hazards

Beauty Operators regularly come into contact with chemicals at work. These need to be handled with care to ensure you, your clients and work colleagues are protected at all times.

Manufacturers supply instructions for their products to demonstrate their correct use and storage. Manufacturers Instructions (MI’s) need to be read understood and followed to ensure accidents and injuries do not occur.

Manufacturers must supply you with a MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS). This will supply you with detailed information regarding the hazardous chemicals or substances used. The MSDS must be kept in a place accessible to all workers.

When using chemicals there are general rules that need to be followed to ensure the well being of all.

Store chemicals in a cool dry place away from clients and especially children

Do not store retail stock and chemicals together

Never mix chemicals unless instructed by the manufacturer

Always carefully measure chemicals when mixing; do not guess!

Always use clean containers when mixing products to avoid contamination

When decanting product, use dry, clean containers. Clearly and fully label containers. Never use drink or food containers.

Lids must be tight fitting as absorbing and releasing oxygen can ruin chemicals.



Check with your local council or Health Department concerning disposal of unwanted chemicals. Never place down the sink.

Clean up spills straight away to avoid damage to surfaces and to avoid skin contact

Always follow OH&S standards when mixing and applying chemicals, for example wear gloves, masks, goggles, protective clothing and

work in a well ventilated area

Remember some products can be carcinogenic, especially when the particles are airborne. Do not inhale.

Be aware of emergency treatment if product is swallowed, inhaled or a reaction is noted.

Activity 3

Identify chemicals used in the salon and read your MSDS to identify hazards. Determine safety precautions necessary to reduce risk of harm.



CHEMICAL HAZARD PRECAUTIONS

Under the Occupational Health and Safety Act, there are responsibilities given to all members of staff to maintain safety standards in the salon.

Employer Responsibilities

► To provide and maintain a work environment free from hazards.

► To provide information, instruction, training and supervision (in OH&S) i.e. identify hazards and instruct in prevention.

► To provide protective clothing and equipment as needed.

► Encouragement for consultation and cooperation to promote safe work practices.

Employee Responsibilities

► Follow employer’s instructions regarding health and safety of self and others.

► Use protective clothing and equipment that is provided.

► Care for and correctly use tools and equipment as instructed.

► Report hazards or potential hazards to employer.

► Report injury or harm resulting from work environment.

► Ensure his/her own safety.

► To be sure the he/she is not under the influence of drugs or alcohol whilst at work.



Step 4 Identifying biological hazards

CONTAGIOUS CONDITIONS

Contagious conditions can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact from client to client client to operator operator to client. Contagious conditions can be spread through:

► Direct contact: from skin to skin or body fluids

► Indirect contact: from tools (nail files, cuticle pushers, clippers and brushes) or unclean/non-sterilized linen

Contagious conditions may include diseases such as:

Ringworm (Tinea capitis)

Head lice (Pediculosis capitis)

School sores (Impetigo)

Scabies

Cold sore (Herpes simplex)

There are also contagious conditions which are life threatening, such as:

HIV (AIDS)

Hepatitis (A, B & C)

TB (Tuberculosis)

We will discuss how to keep all of our equipment sanitised and sterilised in Step 3 so that we do not transfer these contagious conditions between our clients and ourselves.



MINIMISING THE RISK OF INFECTION

Beauty operators must always follow the code of hygiene. This means you must keep yourself, your surrounding areas and everything you come into contact with clean and in a sanitary condition. This is because we are in a profession where we are constantly in danger of coming into contact with bacteria that causes infection. Do not perform treatments on a person who is obviously sick (cold, flu) or has an infection, or if you are sick yourself.

Bacteria

Bacteria are one-celled micro-organisms, also called ‘germs’ or ‘microbes’. They are just about everywhere one can think of; mostly found in dust, dirt, rubbish and diseased tissue.

Types of bacteria

There are hundreds of different types of bacteria and new ones are discovered every day. They are generally grouped into two types:

► Non-pathogenic (saprophytes) - harmless and of some benefit;

► Pathogenic (parasites) - harmful and disease producing.

It is because of this second group that we must practice cleanliness and sanitation constantly and as hairdressers it is especially important in the salon. The parasites are in the minority but can cause a great amount of damage. This type of bacteria lives on living matter and constantly tries to invade our bodies. Popular areas for bacteria are:

► Skin ► Rotting matter

► Water ► Clothing

► Air ► From the mouth, nose, ears, pores and under fingernails



Activities of bacteria

During their active stage, bacteria reproduce rapidly. They multiply best in warm, dark, damp dirty places and can multiply from one germ to 16,000,000 in half a day. When favourable conditions cease to exist, bacteria either die or become inactive. Bacteria become a menace to health when they enter the body, which they may do by way of:

A break in the skin (such as a cut, pustule or scratch)

Breathing (air) and swallowing (water or food)

The nose (air)

The eyes or ears (dirt)

How do we catch infections?

► Unclean hands

► Unclean implements

► Open sores and pus

► Mouth and nose discharges

► Common use of drinking cups and towels

► Uncovered coughing, sneezing and spitting.

Through personal hygiene and public sanitation, infections can be prevented and controlled.



Different types of infections

A general infection results when the blood steam carries the bacteria and their poisons to all parts of the body, for example blood poisoning. A local infection occurs in one area, such as a boil or pustule. Contagious disease or infection is when it is carried from one person to another by contact. Some common infections that can impact hairdressers are ringworm (tinea), lice, viral infections and skin or scalp disease.

HYGIENE AND STERILIZATION PROCEDURES

► Sterilisation

Sterilisation is the process of eliminating all micro-organisms, including spores. Methods of sterilisation include high-pressure steam or dry heat autoclaves and some chemicals.

► Disinfectant

This is a substance, which destroys bacteria (but not their spores), fungus and some viruses. Disinfectant is generally diluted in water, and is not for use on human hair, skin or nails but is used on hard surfaces, tools, and equipment.

Hospital grade disinfectants are available from hair or beauty wholesalers. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for use.

► Sanitation

Sanitation or sanitizing is simply cleaning. Through proper cleaning, the majority of contaminants and pathogens can be reduced, which in turn reduces the risk of infection.



RULES OF HYGIENE

Service area

Following every service, you must ensure the work area and everything used for the services are sanitised:

► Work benches, basins, trolleys and chairs must be dust free and sanitised

► Separate all used items from unused items. All used objects and implements must be sanitised after each client

► Sharps must be disposed of in a sharps containers

► All implements must be placed on a sanitary surface while in use. Never keep implements in pockets

► Clean linen must be stored in a clean area.

Products

► Keep all products organized in order to prevent accidental spills and breakage

► To avoid contamination, never use fingers to remove a product from a container. Always use a spatula.

► Always keep antiseptics and disinfectants sealed and in a safe place. Keep them in clearly labelled containers.

Hand washing

Hand washing has been recognised as an important factor in preventing infection and cannot be overstated. The purpose of washing hands is to reduce any micro-organisms that may be present.



Adequate hand-washing facilities are essential and should be located within the service area in view of the client. You must wash your hands:

► Before and after contact with each client

► After accidental contact with blood or body fluids

► After using a tissue or handkerchief

► After smoking

► After going to the toilet

► Before and after eating

► After answering the phone or touching any potentially contaminated objects and before returning to a client.

Source: as/nzs 4815:2001

Procedure for Hand Washing

1. Wet hands with warm running water

2. Use liquid soap (one pump measure is sufficient), then rub hands vigorously for a minimum of 15 seconds. Look at the diagram and be sure to wash your hands all over including backs of hands, wrists, between fingers and under fingernails.

3. Rinse hands well and pat dry hands thoroughly using a disposable paper towel.


Section C – Risk Management & Reporting



The four steps to Section C – Risk Management & Reporting are:

Step 1 Risk management

Step 2 Reporting potential risks

Step 3 Reporting accidents

Step 4 First aid



Step 1 Risk management

Many of the hazards for a beauty operator are the same for the clients, but wherever you work, it will be you who is responsible for the health and safety of your client. An essential part of any OH&S program is risk management. This is a logical step-by-step approach, which, if followed, can reduce the likelihood of injury and disease in the workplace. The five steps of risk management are:

1. Identify hazards: What hazards are present in the workplace?

2. Assess the risks: What risks may result because of these hazards?

3. Control risks: How can the risk be eliminated or minimised?

4. Implement the control measures

5. Monitor and review the effectiveness of control measures



Activity 4

Identify a potential hazard in the beauty industry:

What risks may result because of these hazards.

Think about safety measures that could eliminate or minimise the risk.

What needs to be done to implement this?

How will you monitor and review the effectiveness of these implementations

Congratulations you have just performed a risk management assessment!



RISKS OUTSIDE THE SALON ENVIRONMENT

It is not always easy to control your work environment because many hairdressers work in other people’s homes, from mobile vans, at fashion shows or even their own homes.

Mobile hairdressers may provide their own portable stool to improve their comfort, but the products that they taking on the road – some highly flammable – could be kept in an insulated container like an esky, with cold blocks to keep the temperature low.

In a client’s home, think like you would in a salon. Look around and try to imagine the possible risks. In a salon environment, you would have ventilation – possibly directly at the work area. This may not be possible in a clients home, so unless you are in a bathroom with an exhaust fan working, open windows and doors to release the fumes.

While a client would be responsible for hazards as part of the environment in their own home – like sitting on a broken chair – you as the hairdresser are responsible for the hazards you introduce or control as part of your job. This would include materials and products, wastes, chemical fumes, which may be hazardous and ergonomic, or postural safety, as far as possible.



Step 2 Reporting potential risks

Reporting by all employees is an essential way of reducing risks. This means notifying the appropriate person whenever you notice any unsafe situation or hazard before it leads to an accident or injury. This includes all “near misses”, when something almost causes injury, such as box falling just after someone has passed by a shelf. It is important that you report any incidents, however small, which can provide a warning that more precautions or other actions are needed.

Each salon should have reporting procedures in place for staff to report possible hazards and accidents that have occurred.

If you report possible hazards or accidents that nearly happened, you may be able to prevent one of your work mates from having a serious accident.

Following a report of this nature you will have to ask yourself:

Why is this happening?

What needs to be done to prevent it from happening again?

Activity 5

Complete the table on the following page by indicating what you would do and/or who you would tell if you identified a risk in your salon:



Situation What should you do? Who do you tell?

You trip over a loose floor tile.

You notice loose wires coming from a wax pot.

You get a sore back while doing a manicure.

You notice a new employee not lifting the stock boxes properly.

You notice a leaking tap and there is water all over the floor.

A beauty product has fallen over and leaked on the floor in the point of sale area



Step 3 Reporting accidents

A staff member or a client may have an accident or become ill. You may need to make decisions and assist.

What should you do?

1. Call for assistance from a qualified person, for example a staff member with a current First Aid qualification;

2. Assess whether an ambulance should be called.

3. Notify a family member or friend of the injured person.

4. Clear away any danger or debris and check for medical bracelets if necessary. The employer is responsible for correcting any situations that have caused an accident.

Recording accidents in your salon can help your employer to identify problem areas and develop strategies to overcome them. You will need to complete a written report after any illness, accident or injury that may occur in the workplace, which must be kept at the place of work, easily accessible and be available for inspection on request (by an inspector) for up to 5 years after the last entry.

These reports are also used if you need treatment or time off due to the incident and a claim for Workers Compensation is made. Sometimes the ill effect of an incident may not be seen for some time after, for example you may have strained your back moving a chair but thought it was OK and continued to work. The next day when you get out of bed, you find yourself more incapacitated than you thought. If you had not made a report the day before, you may find it difficult to prove the injury was work related. These reports are essential if you are going to make a claim under Work-Cover.



Below is a list of details you may need to make an accident report:

Employer’s name

Salon address

Date and time of accident

Location of accident

Description of accident

Name of injured person

Sex of injured person

Position of injured person ( apprentice, full time senior)

Date of birth

Name of responsible senior

Name of witnesses

Injury details

Details of treatment given/by whom

Details of action taken e.g. sent home, hospital, doctor

Damage to equipment

Signed and dated by injured employee, all witnesses and senior responsible

Group Activity 6

Imagine an injury or accident has occurred involving a staff member. Design and fill in an accident report that covers all requirements, including the actions that need to be taken to ensure this accident will not happen again.



Step 4 First aid

The following is an outline of First Aid procedures and is not intended to replace or be considered as First Aid training. More detailed information on First Aid is covered within the Apply Basic First Aid unit.

In every workplace, there should be someone who is trained in and responsible for providing basic first aid

There should also be a clearly labelled, fully stocked and regularly maintained first aid kit, which allows for immediate and correct treatment of any injury. The first aid kit should be located within easy access to the work area and close to running water. It should be lockable and the key should be within easy reach. The kit should include a list of the contents, a resuscitation flow chart and the name and contact number of the person responsible for first aid. The kit should be maintained in a clean state.

All persons in the workplace should participate in the health & safety training and have a good understanding of:

► Safe working practices ► The Occupational Health & Safety standards ► Hazard control

Activity 6

Talk to colleagues in your workplace to determine the protocol for managing the workplace injuries on the following table. State what you would do in each of the situations. There is also spaces to provide your own examples.



If this happens: Who to go to & list the steps you would take

An employee cuts their hand quite badly. You are the only one there

A client collapses on the floor

The apprentice slips over in a puddle in the basin area

The senior ‘zaps’ herself on the power cord of an old wax pot



How to treat:

Shock

If someone has suffered an electrical shock, make sure the power has been turned off before touching the person. Never touch the person before the power has been switched off.

Loosen any tight clothing around the neck area, place a pillow under the head and cover them with a blanket. Seek medical/first aid assistance.

If the shock is due to an epileptic seizure, remove any objects near the person to prevent injury and seek medical /first aid assistance.

Bleeding

Unprotected contact with blood can result in exposure to HIV, Hepatitis and other related illnesses. Put on plastic gloves before treating the wound. Apply pressure to the area and elevate if possible. Refer to page 22 of this Learner Guide for further information.

Burns (chemical/heat/electrical)

Remove the source of heat as soon as possible. Rinse the area with cool water and apply lotion/cream specifically designed for the type of burn. Seek medical/first aid assistance.

Eye Injuries

If the source of the injury is chemical, flush immediately with cool water. Seek medical/first aid assistance.

If the injury is due to a blow to the eye, apply cold compresses to help prevent bruising. Seek medical/first aid assistance.



Notes:


Section D – Emergency Procedures



The three steps to Section D – Emergency Procedures are:

Step 1 General emergency information

Step 2 Evacuation planning

Step 3 Alarm systems



Step 1 General emergency information

In all types of emergencies some basic rules apply:

Use your common sense!

Are you safe?

Are others in danger?

Should you leave the area or take cover in a safe building?

Make sure help is on its way. CALL 000. Give clear directions to the 000 operator by providing a location and details of any injuries or threats to life.

Seek information: if you can, turn on your radio or television. NSW Police and emergency services agencies - including fire, ambulance, health and the SES - will provide as much information as possible to media outlets to provide advice on what people at or near the scene of the event should do. During a major emergency, the media will also broadcast telephone numbers for people seeking information to call. Do not call 000 for general information or advice.

Follow the directions of police and emergency workers - look to people in police or emergency services uniforms to provide advice and direction and follow it. Building managers and fire wardens will also be able to provide you with advice in the case of emergency evacuations. Know your escape routes at work and at home. You may be told to shelter-in-place - if you are told to do this by an emergency service worker or fire warden - go into the nearest building, stay away from windows and monitor local radio for more information.

Remember, no matter what the emergency, a calm response and a common sense approach could save your life, or the lives of others.



Step 2 Evacuation planning

Emergency situations may occur in the salon from time to time.

Identifying and being prepared for them is the first step in emergency control. Salons are required to have a plan for evacuation in case of a fire, bomb threat or any other emergencies. These plans are to:

► Prevent panic

► Decrease the risk of injury

► Remove staff and clients from the cause of the problem as quickly as possible

Evacuation is sometimes used as a method of dealing with some of the aspects of an incident or an emergency.

In situations such as building or house fire, evacuation from the immediate area is an appropriate life safety response. In other situations such as bushfire, flood or a hazardous materials incident, staying inside a building (also known as shelter-in-place) may be the best way to protect yourself, your colleagues and clients.

Preparedness is a vital part of the NSW Government's planning for all emergencies - natural and human caused. Emergency plans exist in all areas of NSW. Police and emergency services have well developed, tested plans to respond to a variety of incidents. In the event of an emergency these plans will be put into action but, no government can plan to have emergency workers on site immediately. That's why community preparedness is vital - you may have to help yourself and others in the minutes directly prior to, during and after an emergency or disaster.

All of us will have a role to play - spend some time now to ensure you know what to do.



Step 3 Alarm systems

You will need to be aware of any alarm systems in your salon for you and your clients’ safety. These alarm systems may be:

Smoke alarms

Fire alarms

Security alarms

Do you have any of these alarms in your salon environment? Ensure you know where these alarms are located and how these systems operate. Do you know your salons evacuation procedures that follow an alarm?

Staff training on these procedures is essential. It is very important that every staff member knows how to ensure their own and their clients safety during a dangerous situation that requires evacuation. Always remain calm in an emergency and reassure clients confidently when following your salons evacuation procedures.

Assist without delay. If a client has chemicals on their hair, you will need to take towels and the required chemicals, products and the water that you may require in the event that you cannot return to the salon.

Fire

There are different types of fire and they require different treatments.

Different fire extinguishers are available for electrical, chemical and wood/paper fires. You should be aware of what is available in your salon and how to use it. Fire blankets and hoses may also be available.



IF A FIRE OCCURS

► If you can do so safely, switch off electrical equipment in the area around you

► Close any open windows or doors

► Leave the building quickly and calmly using fire isolated stairs

► Follow the emergency evacuation plan

► Do not use the lifts

► If there is smoke or you can see flames stay down low

► If the doors are hot, do not open them as there may be fire on the other side

► Follow the directions of your building's fire wardens, security staff or emergency services

► Go to your designated safety area and wait for further instructions

► Once out, stay out

► Never enter a building if a fire alarm is sounding

Group Activity 7

Draw up a general action plan for a fire in your salon/TAFE room. Using the table on the following page, write down exactly what you would do, who you would contact and place them in the most correct order.



Step What to do Who you would contact

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.


Section E – Revision Quiz



The one step to Section D – Revision Quiz is:

Step 1 Revision Quiz



1. Health and safety legislation was introduced to ensure that all workplace environments were safe places to work in True / False

2. What is the advantage of being able to identify possible workplace hazards?

4. Describe the term ‘hazard’.

5. What is the benefit of maintaining good posture?

6. When dealing with chemicals it is important to follow the…

7. What is the name of the sheet that provides detailed information regarding hazardous chemicals?



8. Why is the design of the work area important?

9. What types of contact can spread contagious conditions?

10. Why must we maintain a sterile environment, tools and equipment?

11. Why is it important to report possible hazards and near misses in the salon?



12. Why is it important that all new employees undergo OH&S training?

13. List the employer responsibilities under the OH&S Act

14. List the employee’s responsibilities under the OH&S Act

15. What types of alarm systems may be installed in a salon?


Section F – Glossary of Terms



The one step to Section F – Glossary of Terms is:

Step 1 Glossary



Step 1 Glossary

Accident The way things happen with out any planning, apparent cause, or deliberate intent

Carcinogen Cancer - causing agent or substance

Chemical Produced by or involved in the process of chemistry

Code of Practice Describes the best way of achieving the task to meet safety requirements

Contagious Can be transmitted

Dermatitis Inflammation of the skin

Detergent A cleaning substance

Duty of Care Responsibilities in the workplace

Ergonomics Study of the relationship between workers and their environment

Hard water Contain minerals

Hazardous Can be harmful or cause injury

Impetigo A contagious infection of the skin that blisters and forms yellowish brown scabs

Micro-Organisms A bacterium

Nits Eggs of a head lice

MSDS Material safety data sheet



Non-Contagious Cannot be transmitted

Occupational Related to or cause by somebody’s employment

Oxidising semi-permanent

A colour that requires a mild developing agent

Para Chemical used in hair colouring products

Parasite An organism existing on/in another organism

Pollutant Chemicals or waste products that contaminate the air, soil, or water

Posture The way in which somebody carries his or her body

Procedure List of orders

Psoriasis A skin condition

Risk Chance of injury or loss

Report To give information about something that has happened

Safety Protection from or non exposure to the risk of harm or injury

Stress Mental, emotional, or physical strain caused by anxiety or overwork

Welfare Health and safety of others

Workplace The place where one is working


Student Assessment Guide

Student Assessment Guide ASSESSMENT INFORMATION FOR THIS UNIT OF COMPETENCY

Prior to undertaking the assessment events detailed in the Student Assessment Guide, evidence of your developing skills and applied knowledge will have been collected using your Revision Rubrics or Professional Practice booklet. These booklets provide you with detailed, step-by-step performance tasks which will help you to develop your confidence and compare your skills to industry standards. They are also used as a collection of evidence required by the SIB10 National Beauty Training Package.

All completed assessments will be retained by TAFE NSW for a period of 6 months (or in accordance with regulatory/licencing requirements) after the completion of a student’s studies.

STUDY CENTRE RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING

If you need support or assistance with areas such as communication; language, literacy

and numeracy; IT or subject-specific support, you can contact the Study Centre.

Attendance is free and students can also access computer and printing facilities.

If you have completed previous studies or feel you have life experience in any areas of

the course, you can apply for exemption from a unit/s of study. Ask your teacher for

further information or make an appointment with the Head Teacher.

Meadowbank Room: Q.1.2

Phone: 9942 3786 Meadowbank Room:

J.4.32 Phone: 9942 3144

St Leonards Room: P.4.35

Phone: 9942 0713 St Leonards Room:

Q.2.20 Phone: 9942 0983



Unit Name Apply safe working practices

Unit Number: SIRXOHS001A

National Code/s & Qualification/s

SIB20110 Certificate II in Retail Make-Up and Skin Care SIB20210 Certificate II in Nail Technology SIB30110 Certificate III in Beauty Services SIB40110 Certificate IV in Beauty Therapy SIB50110 Diploma of Beauty Therapy

AQF Level SIB10 Version 1.2

Unit Purpose This unit encompasses the National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (NOHSC) guidelines for occupational health and safety. On completion of this unit, you will have skills and knowledge required to maintain a safe work environment for staff, customers and others and observe basic safety and emergency procedures.

General Information on Assessment Your performance includes the ability to demonstrate:

applies safe working practices, in all areas of the store, according to OHS legislation and codes of practice

applies appropriate store policies and procedures and legislative requirements in regard to following basic safety procedures and for reporting faults and problems to relevant person, department or committee

identifies hazardous situations and rectifies where appropriate, or reports to the relevant personnel according to store policy and procedures

reads, interprets and applies manufacturer instructions for storage and use of hazardous goods

knows store policies and procedures with regard to emergency situations, evacuation, or accident and illness in the store.

Reasonable Adjustment Reasonable adjustment is any approved modification or allowance made in assessment to accommodate a disability related function. Reasonable adjustment allows a learner with a disability to participate equitably in assessment procedures and demonstrate required skills and knowledge. Adjustment could be made in the physical environment, the assessment strategies or by the use of assistive technology. Any adjustments made to the assessment must preserve the integrity of the assessment outcome. Students are then required to declare whether they are seeking assistance from a TAFE NSW Teacher/Consultant for Students with Disabilities. This information will assist TAFE NSW in the provision of reasonable adjustment in a timely manner.



Reporting of Assessment Outcomes The assessment for this unit is recorded as a class mark with a Grade Code 42: Competency (Ungraded). Your result will be recorded and reported to you as AC (Competent) or NC (Not yet Competent). Assessment Instructions: The assessment of competency will be based on satisfactory demonstration of skills and knowledge against the elements for this unit. To achieve competency, all assessment events must be successfully completed and students must perform to the standard expected in the workplace, as expressed by the competency standards of the SIB10 Training Package. Students will have to re-submit any task where they do not demonstrate competence. There are two (2) types of evidence to be collected which will inform decision for judgment of competent or not competent for this unit. The student must satisfactorily demonstrate the following: Element 1 Observe basic safety procedures Element 2 Observe basic emergency procedures

Assessment Table Assessment

Events

Assessment Tools Elements Weight

Event 1: Applied Knowledge Assessment

Assignment: You will be required to demonstrate knowledge by completing an assignment.

1,2 100%

Event 2: Applied Knowledge Assessment

Assessment Rubric: You will be required to complete an Assessment Rubrics using three (3) practical checklists that are completed by your Facilitator within a classroom or workplace environment.

1 Pass/Fail

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