april 2, 2008 a.n.sissakian, a.s.sorin1 joint institute for nuclear research joint institute for...

April 2, 2008 A.N.Sissakian, A.S.Sorin 1

Joint Institute for Nuclear ResearchJoint Institute for Nuclear Research

International Intergovernmental OrganizationInternational Intergovernmental Organization

The The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility ( (NICANICA))Project at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna) Project at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna)

A.N. Sissakian, A.S. Sorin

International Workshop on hadron structure and spectroscopyTorino, March 31 – April 2, 2008


I. The I. The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA): historical view, motivation and characteristics

II. Physics of relativistic heavy ion collision (MPD)

III. Spin physics (SPD)

IV. Applied researches

The NICA Project and Research ProgramThe NICA Project and Research Program


JINR NUCLOTRONProject parameters: maximum energy

5 GeV/nucl. for nuclei with А ~ 200.

I. NICA: historical view, motivation and characteristics


Proposal for an International Accelerator Facilityfor Research with Heavy Ions and Antiprotons,http://www.gsi.de/documents/DOC-2004-Mar-196-2.pdf


Round Table DiscussionsRound Table Discussion I.Searching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting matter at the JINR Nuclotron July 7 - 9, 2005 http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/

Round Table Discussion IISearching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting matter at the JINR Nuclotron: Nuclotron facility development JINR, Dubna, October 6-7, 2006 http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2006/roundtable/

Round Table Discussion IIISearching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting QCD matter at the NICA/MPD JINR (Dubna), summer 2008http://nica.jinr.ru


NICA

T

NB

A.N.SissakianA.S.SorinM.K.SuleymanovV.D.ToneevG.M.Zinovjevnucl-ex/0511018 nucl-ex/0601034nucl-th/0608032

Round Table Discussion

Dubna, July 7-9, 2005 http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/


RHIC, SPS, NICA, FAIR

April 2, 2008 A.N.Sissakian, A.S.Sorin 11http://nica.jinr.ru


MPD

The NICA complex allocation

SPD?


NICA complex parameters

Circumference m 225

Number of collision points 2

Beta function in the collision point

m 0.5

Rms momentum spread 0.001

Rms bunch length m 0.3

Number of ions in the bunch 109

Number of bunches 15

Incoherent tune shift 0.05

Rms beam emittance at 1 GeV/u / at 3.5 GeV/u mm mrad

3.8 /0.26

Luminosity per one interaction point at 1 GeV/u

at 3.5 GeV/u

cm-2s-1 6.61025

1.11027

SPD


Scheme of the NICA compex

Booster (30 Tm)2(3?) single-turn

injections, storage of 3.2×109,

acceleration up to 50 MeV/u,

electron cooling,acceleration

up to 400 MeV/u

Nuclotron (45 Tm)injection of one

bunch of 1.1×109 ions,

acceleration up to 3.5 GeV/u max.

Collider (45 Tm)Storage of

15 bunches 1109 ions per ring at 3.5 GeV/u,

electron and/or stochastic cooling

Injector: 2×109 ions/pulse of 238U32+ at energy 6 MeV/u

IP-1 IP-2

Stripping (40%) 238U32+ 238U92+

Two superconducting

collider rings

2х15 injection

cycles


30 injection cycles of 1109 ions 238U92+

per cycle

2 cyclesof injection,

electroncooling (?)

electroncooling

238U32+

stripping to

238U92+

2 x 1.51010 ions

of 238U92+

Scheme of the NICA compex

Time Table of The Storage Process

3.5 GeV/u

400 MeV/u

100(50?) MeV/u 6 MeV/u

470 keV/u

25 keV/u 2s 0.4s 2s 3s 4.5s 135 s

KRION RFQ RFQ DTL Booster Nuclotron Collider

Eion/A


Colliding beams parameters

1. Circumference, m 225

2. *, m 0.5

3. p/p (one ) 110-3

4. Bunch length (), m 0.3

5. Beam emittance (), mmmrad

0.26

6. Bunch intensity (1-2)109

7. Bunch number per ring 15

8.Average luminosity for

UU (pp),3.5 (12) GeV/u, cm-

2s-1

1.11027

(~1030)


• Stage 1: years 2007 – 2009- Upgrate and Development of the Nuclotron facility

- Preparation of Technical Design Report of the NICA and MPD

- Start prototyping of the MPD and NICA elements

• Stage 2: years 2008 – 2012

- Design and Construction of NICA and MPD

• Stage 3: years 2010 – 2013

- Assembling

• Stage 4: year 2014

- Commissioning

The NICA Project Milestones

http://nica.jinr.ruRound Table Discussion III, Dubna, Summer, 2008


II. Physics of relativistic heavy ion collisions

NICA/MPD physics program of heavy ion collisions:

1. Heavy ion beams in wide energy range:

2. Possibility to perform atomic number and centrality scan

3. Two intersection points for detectors with large energy-independent acceptance

GeV92 As

4. High luminosity L=1027 см-2с-1

4

SPD


NICA s = 9AGeVs = 9AGeV

Maximal baryonic densities on freeze-out curve! р High densities on interaction stage!?

J.Randrup, J.Cleymans, 2006

High baryonic densities

energy in cms

energy in lab. frame


NICA/MPD aims and physics problems

Study of in-medium properties of hadrons and nuclear matter equation of state, including a search for possible signs ofdeconfinement and/or chiral symmetry restoration phase transitions and

QCD critical endpoint

Experimental observables:First Stage:

Scanning in beam energy and centrality of excitation functions for ♣ Multiplicity and global characteristics of identified hadrons

including multi-strange particles♣ Fluctuations in multiplicity and transverse momenta

♣ Directed and elliptic flows for various indentified hadrons♣ HBT and particle correlations

Second stage:♣ Dileptons and direct photons


What to measure

♣ Multistrange hyperons. The yields, spectra and collective flows of (multi) strange hyperons are expected to provide information on the early and dense phase of the collision. Therefore, these particles are promising probes of the nuclear matter equation-of-state at high baryon density.

♣ Event-by-event fluctuations. The hadron yields and their momenta should be analyzed event-wise in order to search for nonstatistical fluctuations which are predicted to occur in the vicinity of the critical endpoint and when penetrating the coexistence phase of the first order deconfinement phase transition.

♣ HBT correlations. Measurement of short range correlations between hadrons π, K, p, Λ allows one to estimate the space-time size of a system formed in nucleus-nucleus interactions. Along with the increase of fluctuations, the spatial size of the system is expected to be getting smaller near the deconfinement phase transition due to softening of the equation of state (the “softest point” effect).

♣ Penetrating probes. Measurements of dilepton pairs permit to investigate the in-medium spectral functions of low-mass vector mesons which are expected to be modified due to effects of chiral symmetry restoration in dense and hot matter. Specific properties of the σ meson, the order parameter of chiral symmetry restoration, may be in principle detected near the phase boundary via particular channel of σ-decay into dileptons or correlated γγ-pairs.

April 2, 2008 A.N.Sissakian, A.S.Sorin 22http://nica.jinr.ru


MPD conceptual design

Inner Tracker (IT) - silicon strip detector / micromegas for tracking close to the interaction region.

Barrel Tracker (BT) - TPC + Straw (for tagging) for tracking & precise momentum measurement in the region -1 < < 1

End Cap Tracker (ECT) - Straw (radial)for tracking & p-measurement at | | > 1

Time of Flight (TOF) - RPC (+ start/stop sys.) to measure Time of Flight for charged particle identification.

Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for 0 reconstruction & electron/positron identification.

Beam-Beam Counters (BBC) to define centrality (& interaction point).

Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) for centrality definition.


MPD basic geometry

limited by collider optics

preliminary

Defined as a compromise between:-TOF requirement-tracker resolution

- magnetic field formation - the cost


MPD towards 4 acceptance

to cover a wide pseudorapidity range

TPC ECT ECT


Experimental programms

Facility SPS RHIC NICA SIS-300Detector NA61 STAR

PHENIX

BRAHMS

MPD CBM

Start (year) 2010 2010 2013 2015Energy (for Pb-ions)

A GeV

4.9-17.3 4.9-50 ≤ 9 ≤ 8.5

Event rate

(for 8 AGeV)

100 Hz ~10 Hz ≤ 10 KHz ≤ 10 MHz

Acceptance 0<<4

<2

different

acceptances

-2.5<<2.5

= 2

0<<4

<2

Physics CP,OD CP,OD CP,OD,HDM CP,OD,HDM

CP – critical endpoint

OD – onset of deconfinement

HDM – hadronic dense matter


Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science

Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, NASUk

Nuclear Physics Institute of MSU, RF

Institute of Apllied Physics, Academy of Science Moldova

Open for extension …

MPD – Collaboration

A consortium involving GSI, JINR & other centers for IT module development & production is at the organizational stage


III. On the Spin Program at NICA

0.12 0.17

Spin Nucleon Structure

EMC, 1987

1 1

2 2Nz g qS u u d d s s G L L

q G

qgL

qLv


On the Spin Program at NICA

NICA provides unique possibilities for the spin program:

1. High energy proton and deuteron beams

2. High luminosity ( > 10 30 см-2с-1)

3. Transversely and longitudinally polarized proton and deuteron beams with high polarization degree (> 50% )

4. Spin rotation

5. Precise beam polarization measurements

6. 4 geometry detector

SPD

Cвой



First stage: 1. Studies of Drell-Yan (DY) processes with polarized p and D beams. Extraction of unknown (poor known) parton distribution functions (PDFs):

- : Boer-Mulders PDF (NA10, E615, E886)

- : Sivers PDFs (Efremov,… PLB 612 (2005), PRD 73(2006));

transversity and Boer-Mulders PFDs (Sissakian, Shevchenko, Nagaytsev,PRD 72 (2005),

EPJ C46 (2006))

- : transversity;

- : longitudinally polarized sea and strange PDFs and tenzor deuteron structure (Teryaev, …)

2.The same PDFs from J/ production processes with the decay to e+e- pairs ( ). Studies of all possible quarkoniums with decay to e+e- pairs in collisions of polarized protons and deutrons .

*( ) ( )p D p D X e e X

*( ) ( )p D p D X e e X

*( ) ( )p D p D X e e X *( ) ( )p D p D X e e X

10s GeV



Experiment Status Remarks

E615 Finished Only unpolarized DY

NA10 Finished Only unpolarized DY

E886 Running Only unpolarized DY

RHIC Running Detector upgrade for DY measurements (collider)

PAX Plan > 2016 Problem with polarization (collider)

COMPASS Plan > 2010 Only valence PDFs

J-PARC Plan > 2011 low s (60-100 GeV2), only unpolarized proton beam

SPASCHARM

NICA

Plan?

Plan 2014

s ~ 140 GeV2 for unpolarized proton beam

s ~ 670 GeV2 for polarized proton beams, high luminosity (collider)

p

Experiments on DY measurements



Preliminary estimations of the Drell-Yan processes feasibility(first stage)

DY cross sections (nb) in comparison with PAX (GSI,FAIR) and possibility to increase the statistics (month of data taking)



Preliminary estimations of J/ statistics in comparison with Drell-Yan statistics



Preliminary scheme ot the experimental set-upfor DY measurements (first stage)

Main parts of the detector (preliminarily):

- Silicon or MicroMega (inner tracking)

- Drift chambers or straw (for tracking)

- Cherenkov counter (for PID and trigger)

- EM calorimeter

- Trigger counters

- EndCap detectors

Similarily to the PAX set-up (hep-ex/0505054)

Important advantages of the detector :

1) 4 geometry – increase of DY statistics

2) Minimal X0 – effective detection of e+e- pairs

3) Good angular resolution – very important for azimuthal spin asymmetries measurements in the wide kinematical region

The detector would be upgraded for the second stage of measurements:

PID, tracking, calorimetry

Set-up for muon pairs detection is also under consideration



Second stage (upgraded experimental set-up):

1. Spin effects in baryon and meson productions. - Single and double asymmetries in:

2. Studies of spin effects in various exclusive reactions 3. Diffractive processes studies

4. Cross sections and double spin asymmetries in elastic reactions (full set of helicity amplitudes, Krisch effect, …).

5. Spectroscopy of quarkoniums with any available decay modes.

( ) ( ) 0,( ) ( ) ( )p D p D X D ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )p D p D X baryons mesons


Booster-sinhrotron appliction to nanostructures creations:

IV.Applied researches on NICA

Booster

Electron cooling system

Design and parameters of booster, including wide accessible energy range, possibility of the electron cooling, allow to form dense and sharp ion beams. System of slow extraction provides slow, prolongated in time ion extraction to the target with space scanning of ions on the target surface and guaranty high controllability of experimental conditions.

Ion tracks in a polymer matrix (GSI, Darmstadt)

Ion-track technologies:

Topography and current of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film.The 50 nm thick DLC film was irradiated with 1 GeV Uranium ions.

Production of nanowires, filters, nanotransistors, ...


A.Efremov, V.Kekelidze, I.Meshkov,

G. Musulmanbekov, A.Nagaytsev,

О.Rogachevsky, I.Savin,

O.Shevchenko, V.Skokov,

O.Teryaev, V.Toneev,

NICA/MPD (SPD) working group

Acknowledgements


Thank you for attention!

Welcome to the

collaboration!

april 2, 2008 a.n.sissakian, a.s.sorin1 joint institute for nuclear research joint institute for...

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