Chapter 1 - New World Beginnings American Pageant

Name:_______________________________________ Class Period:____ Due Date:___/____/____

Reading Assignment:Chapter 1, American Pageant Chapter 1 - New World Beginnings Primary Source:

John Winthrop’s “City upon a Hill,” 1630 Power Points:2009-_chapter_1_day_1.ppt

day_2_and_3_notes-_2009.ppt

Videos:Videos:crash course Videos JoczProductions Adam Norris

Chapter VideosAndTopic

Social Science SyndicateAbe and Frank

Adam NorrisKey Concept reviews

The Black Legend, Native Americans, and Spaniards: Crash Course US History #1

American Pageant Chapter 1 APUSH Review (Period 1)

APUSH American Pageant Chapters 1 and 2 Review Video

APUSH Chapter 1 - American Pageant

APUSH Review: Key Concept 1.1, Revised (Most up-to-date video)

APUSH Review: Key Concept 1.2, Revised (Most up-to-date video)

Purpose: Some people need a structured area to keep their notes, while they read. Also, you can use this outline as a way of doing some of the Blooms high level Thinking: analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.Parts of it are always due, such as the terms.

So… young Jedi… what is your choice? Do? Or do not? There is no try.

APUSH Concept Outline (rev. Fall 2015)PERIOD 1: 1491–1607Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments.I. Different native societies adapted to and transformed their environments through innovations in agriculture, resource use, and social structure.

A) The spread of maize cultivation from present-day Mexico northward into the present-day American Southwest and beyond supported economic development, settlement, advanced irrigation, and socialdiversification among societies.

B) Societies responded to the aridity of the Great Basin and the grasslands of the western Great Plains bydeveloping largely mobile lifestyles.

C) In the Northeast, the Mississippi River Valley, and along the Atlantic seaboard some societies developed mixed agricultural and hunter-gatherer economies that favored the development of permanent villages.

D) Societies in the Northwest and present-day California supported themselves by hunting and gathering, andin some areas developed settled communities supported by the vast resources of the ocean.

Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.I. European expansion into the Western Hemisphere generated intense social, religious, political, andeconomic competition and changes within European societies.

A) European nations’ efforts to explore and conquer the New World stemmed from a search for new sources of wealth, economic and military competition, and a desire to spread Christianity.

B) The Columbian Exchange brought new crops to Europe from the Americas, stimulating European population growth, and new sources of mineral wealth, which facilitated the European shift from feudalismto capitalism.

C) Improvements in maritime technology and more organized methods for conducting international trade, suchas joint-stock companies, helped drive changes to economies in Europe and the Americas.

II. The Columbian Exchange and development of the Spanish Empire in the Western Hemisphere resulted in extensive demographic, economic, and social changes.

A) Spanish exploration and conquest of the Americas were accompanied and furthered by widespread deadlyepidemics that devastated native populations and by the introduction of crops and animals not found in theAmericas.

B) In the encomienda system, Spanish colonial economies marshaled Native American labor to support plantation-based agriculture and extract precious metals and other resources.

C) European traders partnered with some West African groups who practiced slavery to forcibly extract slavelabor for the Americas. The Spanish imported enslaved Africans to labor in plantation agriculture andmining.

D) The Spanish developed a caste system that incorporated, and carefully defined the status of the diverse population of Europeans, Africans, and Native Americans in their empire.

III. In their interactions, Europeans and Native Americans asserted divergent

A) Mutual misunderstandings between Europeans and Native Americans often defined the early years of interaction and

B) As European encroachments on Native Americans’ lands and demands on their labor

C) Extended contact with Native Americans and Africans fostered a debate

worldviews regarding issues such as religion, gender roles, family, land use, and power.

trade as each group sought to make sense of the other. Over time, Europeans and Native Americans adopted some useful aspects of each other’s culture.

increased, native peoples sought to defend and maintain their political sovereignty, economic prosperity, religious beliefs, and concepts of gender relations through diplomatic negotiations and military resistance.

among Europeanreligious and political leaders about how non-Europeans should be treated, as well as evolving religious, cultural, and racial justifications for the subjugation of Africans and Native Americans.

Checklist of Learning ObjectivesAfter mastering this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Describe the geological and geographical conditions that set the stage for North American history.2. Describe the origin and development of the major Indian cultures of the Americas.3. Explain the developments in Europe and Africa that led to Columbus’s voyage to America.4. Explain the changes and conflicts that occurred when the diverse worlds and peoples of Europe, Africa, and the Americas collided after 1492.5. Describe the Spanish conquest of Mexico and South America, and of the later Spanish colonial expansion into North America.6. Describe the major features of Spain’s New World Empire, including relations with the native Indian populations.

SHORT ANWSERIdentify and state the historical significance of the following:1. Polo

2. Francisco Pizarro

3. Juan Ponce de León

4. Hernando de Soto

5. Montezuma

6. Christopher Columbus

7. Hernán Cortés

8. Francisco Coronado

9. Jacques Cartier

10. Giovanni da Verrazano

11. John Cabot

12. Vasco Nunez Balboa

13. Ferdinand of Aragon

14. Isabella of Castile

15. Quetzalcoatl

16. Hiawatha

17. Bartolome de Las Casas

18. Ferdinand Magellan

Describe and state the historical significance of the following:

19. Renaissance

20. mestizos

21. Treaty of Tordesillas

22. "three sister" farming

23. Great Ice Age

24.Mound Builders

25. Spanish Armada

26. black legend

27. conquistadores

28. Aztecs

29. Popé's Rebellion

30. Pueblo Indians

31. Iroquois Confederacy

32. cartography

33. Native Americans

34. Vinland

35. St. Augustine, Florida

36. kiva

37. Spice Islands

38. Moors

39. ecosystem

40. encomienda

41. malinchista

42. Dia de la Raza

Notes: Fill in OutlineI. The Shaping of North America

II. Peopling the Americas1. The Land Bridge theory.

2. Many peoples

III. The Earliest Americans1. Development of corn or maize around 5,000 B.C. in Mexico was revolutionary in that:

2. Pueblo Indians

3. Mound Builders

4. Eastern Indians

5. Iroquois Confederation

6. Native Americans had a very different view of things as compared to Europeans.

IV. Indirect Discoverers of the New WorldV. Europeans Enter Africa

1. Marco Polo 

2. Spice Islands,

3. New developments:

caravel:

compass:

astrolabe:

4. Slave trade begins

VI. Columbus Comes upon a New World

VII. When Worlds Collide

1. Columbian Exchange:

From the New World (America) to the Old

From the Old World to the New

VIII. The Spanish Conquistadores

1. Treaty Line of Tordesillas 1494:

2. Conquistadores = "conquerors"

Vasco Balboa:

Ferdinand Magellan:

Ponce de Leon:

Hernando de Soto: Francisco Pizarro:

Francisco Coronado:

3. Encomienda system 

IX. The Conquest of Mexico

1. Hernando Cortez 

2. Montezuma, X. The Spread of Spanish America

Applying What You Have Learned

1. How did the geographic setting of North America—including its relation to Asia, Europe, and Africa—affect its subsequent history?

2. What were the common characteristics of all Indian cultures in the New World, and what were the important differences among them?

3. What fundamental factors drew the Europeans to the exploration, conquest, and settlement of the New World?

4. What was the impact on the Indians, Europeans, and Africans when each of their previously separate worlds collided with one another?

5. What were the greatest achievements of Spain’s New World Empire, and what were its greatest evils and disasters?

6. Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual cultural encounter that brought beneficial as well as tragic results for both?

Period Perspectives: Consider the data in the chart at right as well as page 1 of the text when completing this section.1. Period 1 begins with 1491. If the American Indian population inwhat is now the United States was nearly 10 million before 1492,why is the United States population in modern times only 2 to 3% American Indian?

2. Period 1 ends with the establishment of Jamestown, the firstpermanent British settlement in North America. Explain why1607 is a major turning point in United States history

Explain the HIPP of the image.

Explain the HIPP of the image.

Image Source: Public Domain, Library of Congress,First landing of Columbus on the shores of theNew World, at San Salvador, W.I., Oct. 12th 1492,Dióscoro Teófilo Puebla Tolín

HIPP+:Historical Context:

Intended Audience:

Author’s Purpose:

Author’s Point of View:

+Other Context (similar in kind, from a different time…give an example of similar theme in a different place/time period):

MAPThe College Board framework for the course includes specific places and locations significant to the development of North America and the United states. This section provides you with the opportunity to locate and review these items.Directions:1. Read the framework excerpts located to the right of the map, and ensure you understand & know where/what is referenced.2. Circle or highlight the following groups: Pueblo, Chinooks, Iroquois, Algonquian, Wamponoags, Pequot, Powhatan3. Label/Trace the starting point and expansion of maize cultivation.

Source: North American Continent; Western Hemisphere Indian Culture Map, http://lochgarry.wordpress.com/2011/11/27/ancient-winds-and-memories-of-a-time-long-ago/

On a North American continent… The spread of maize cultivation from present-day Mexico northward into the American Southwest and beyond supported economic development and social diversification among societies in these areas; a mix of foraging and hunting did the same for societies in the Northwest and areas of California.

Societies responded to the lack of natural resources in the Great Basin and the western Great Plains by developing largely mobile lifestyles.

In the Northeast and along the Atlantic Seaboard some societies developed a mixed agricultural and hunter–gatherer economy that favored the development of permanent villages.

European overseas expansion resulted in the Columbian Exchange, a series of interactions and adaptations among societies across the Atlantic. The arrival of Europeans in the Western Hemisphere in the 15th and 16th centuries triggered extensive demographic and social changes on both sides of the Atlantic.