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AQA GCSE Design and Technology
Course Structure
• All lesson up to Christmas will be Core Theory (This will include some practical hands on tasks).
• After Christmas we will specialise in one area (Wood)
• Then we start coursework, NEA in June which will be handed in the following March.
In the first half term, as part of the core theory, we will be learning
about different material areas. These are:
• Paper and Board
• Timber
• Polymers
• Metals
• Alloys
• Composites
• Smart materials
We start with paper and board.
Learning Objectives:
To know the primary sources for producing papers and boards
To understand how paper/board is classified
To be able to identify different types of paper, their properties and their applications
Starter: Answer the following multiple choice questions about paper and board based upon your existing knowledge
1) The source of paper is Oil Trees metal ores grasses rags
2) Paper is Non renewable renewable
3) Paper is biodegradable non biodegradable
4) Paper is more/less environmentally friendly than plasticMore Less
5) The following sizes apply to paper38, 39, 40 A1, A2, A3 80 gms 200 gms
Answers:
1) The source of paper is Oil Trees metal ores grasses rags
2) Paper is Non renewable renewable
3) Paper is biodegradable non biodegradable
4) Paper is more/less environmentally friendly than plastic
More Less
5) The following sizes apply to paper38, 39, 40 A1, A2, A3 80 gms 200 gms
Paper
• Paper is made from CELLULOSE FIBRES which is the structure found in the cell walls of plants
• The cellulose can be sourced from wood, rags or grasses
• When sourced from wood, the raw material is ‘wood pulp’
• All of these sources are ‘renewable’
• In most paper and board there is some recycled material making it more environmentally friendlythen plastics.
Stock forms
• Paper is sold by size and weight.
Anything over
200gsm is
classed as a
board
The weight
refers to one
square meter
The largest size is called A0. A1 is half the size of A0.Label the remaining sizes up to A7.
Bleed proof
paper
Cartridge
paper
Grid paper
Corrugated
card
Duplex
board
Foil lined
board
Foam core
board
Inkjet card Solid White
board
Paper you would
find in a good
quality sketchbook
Paper with a grid
printed on it like
the paper you would
find in a maths
exercise book
Cardboard used in
Protective packaging
such a pizza box
Paper you would
find in a sketchbook
designed for marker
pens
Cardboard used in
packaging that has a
printed side and a grey
side such as a cereal box
Cardboard with a
layer of foil stuck on
one side such as
the lid for a take away
foil container or a juice
carton
A type of board with a
layer of foam in the
center used for making
architectural models
A type of card suitable
for printing on The cardboard used
for the cover of
a hardback book
TASK 1
Look around your house and see
how many samples you can find of
each of these materials on the left.
Cut off a small piece of the material
and stick them down on a piece of
paper/card. Label each one.
Here is a grid showing all the papers and
boards you need to know for the
exam.
TASK 2
On the right is a list of properties
(characteristics) that paper and boards have.
Try to write down two properties for each
paper and board in the grid.
Property Explanation
Partial
translucency
Can partially see through it. Good to use as an
overlay
Easy to score, fold
and cut
Through scoring, folding and cutting a 3D shape
can be made from a 2D net
Smooth surface for
printing onto
Marker ink will not soak into fibres but will stay
on the surface
Good surface for
sketching and
rendering
High quality slightly textured surface. Can be
used with pencils, coloured pencils, pastels and
watercolours for designing
Prevents marker
bleed
Marker ink will not soak into fibres but will stay
on the surface
Water and oil
resistant
Has a layer of plastic or foil or other coating
attached to improve durability and water
resistance
Recyclable Can be reprocessed for manufacture into new
products to reduce environmental impact
Can be laminated Reflects the light and gives a sense of quality
and sophistication
Textured surface Surface is slightly rough with dimples which help
to hold colour and give an interesting look
Impact absorbing Fluted inner layer compresses (squashes) on
impact, absorbing energy
Stiff and rigid Not flexible. Will retain its shape
Heat insulator Will not allow heat to pass through it easily
Biodegradable Will be broken down naturally by
microorganisms
TASK 3
Have a go at the following questions on papers and boards. These are examples of
questions that may appear on the exam.
Which of these is a stock form of paper and board
80gsm
Mouldings
Rod
Sheet
Which of these statements is incorrect?
Core Principles: Exemplar Paper and board questions
Smooth paper, often used with water and spirit based markers which prevents marker bleed.
Tracing paper Layout paper Cartridge paper Bleed proof paper
A B C D
Give the correct answer:
Good quality white paper, often with a slight texture.
Tracing paper Cartridge paper Grid paper Bleed proof paper
A B C D
Paper printed with different grids as guidelines (these can be isometric).
Grid paper Cartridge paper Layout paper Bleed proof paper
A B C D
Thin board which often has one side suitable forprinting
Foil lined board Duplex board Corrugated cardboard Foam core board
A B C D
Thin and transparent paper.
Layout paper Cartridge paper Tracing paper Bleed proof paper
A B C D
Top quality rigid cardboard, smooth, white and good for printing on
Foil lined board Duplex board Corrugated cardboard Solid white board
A B C D
Strong, lightweight material made up of two or more layers and a fluted middle section
Foil lined board Duplex board Corrugated cardboard Solid white board
A B C D
Two pieces of board with a core of foam to increasethickness, very lightweight
Foil lined board Duplex board Foam core board Solid white board
A B C D
1) Corrugated Cardboard is often used for outer packaging used in transportation. Give two properties
of Corrugated cardboard that make it suitable.
Property 1
Property 2
Corrugated cardboard has a fluted inner layer that absorbs impact when crushed.
This would protect the contents of the package from damage during transportation.
Corrugated cardboard has a smooth surface which is good for printing onto.
This would allow things such as the company logo, barcode and name of the item to be printed on forIdentification purposes.