aqualyte - general information 2013

Hydration, Health & performance

of workers

Information

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Aqualyte is a unique rapidly absorbed fluid and electrolyte replacement solution for

people who perform physical work in hot environments and where adequate and

timely replacement of fluid loss through sweating is critical for effective

performance.

Mission Statement

To provide a quality product and to support and encourage it’s use through relationship

building, consultation and rational, scientific decision making.

Introduction

There are 3 key questions that need to be addressed when addressing the hydration

strategies for workers. These are;

1. Is there a need for Electrolyte Rehydration Solutions (ERS) to be used?

2. What should an ERS contain, and

3. What hydration practices are in place to ensure workers consume the appropriate

amount of fluid and electrolytes at the right time?

There is sufficient literature to suggest the need for ERS for workers in hot climates. Not

only do these solutions help to stimulate thirst through palatability so that greater

volumes of fluid are consumed and retained, but they also help to replenish the essential

electrolytes lost in sweat which are required for normal homeostatic balance and

neuromuscular function.

Without adequate fluid and electrolyte replacement there is a reduction in blood volume

which affects blood supply to muscles, and to the skin for the regulation of body

temperature. Physical performance, judgement and coordination suffer, and fatigue and

the risk of heat illness increase.

The success of products currently available in the Middle East is based on the broad

acceptance that there is a need for ERS. The choice of products being used however

seems to be based more on the products marketing than on its technical characteristics. If

correctly formulated, ERS will be absorbed more rapidly than plain water enabling

greater quantities of fluid to be consumed which helps in the prevention of heat related

illness caused by dehydration.

For information on what an ERS should contain, the reader is directed to Appendix A

which provides a brief review of the literature on this topic.

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Why AQUALYTE?

Aqualyte was developed as a result of extensive research into the composition of sweat

and the prevention of heat illness and dehydration, and unlike other products on the

market, is specifically formulated for prolonged use by military personnel, endurance

athletes and for work in hot environments. For copies of the published research in this

area, please visit www.aqualyte.com.au and click on the literature tab.

Aqualyte has a low carbohydrate content and is HYPOTONIC when made up correctly,

promoting rapid gastric emptying, minimising bloating and encouraging consumption of

greater volumes than that of other, sweeter drinks. The mildly citrus flavour is well

accepted and the relatively lower acidity is less damaging to the teeth when consumed in

quantity.

Aqualyte comes in a crystallised powder and is provided in either 80g or 800g sachets by

the carton.

How it Works

The osmolality of blood and body fluids is approximately 290mosmol/L

The majority of sports drinks are Isotonic (similar or higher value). This results

in slower emptying from the gut, which can cause a feeling of fullness or bloating

and slower absorption into the body.

Aqualyte Solution is a HYPOTONIC solution and has an osmolality of

150mosmol/L.

Studies have shown hypotonic drinks are more effective than isotonic drinks or

plain water.

Aqualyte Solution can move from the gut into the blood supply up to 50% faster

than isotonic drinks.

Sachet Size Quantity

P/Carton

Each Sachet

Makes

Volume

P/Carton

80g 100 2 Litres 200 Litres

800g 10 20 Litres 200 Litres

http://www.aqualyte.com.au/

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The Benefits of AQUALYTE

Prevents dehydration as it is rapidly absorbed keeping pace with sweat losses.

Maintains the correct electrolyte balance.

Contains appropriate levels of glucose to provide energy for muscular work.

Delays the onset of fatigue.

Fewer calories than other fluid replacement drinks, cordials and soft drinks.

Less acidic than other fluid replacement drinks.

Aids concentration in work and sport rather than contribute to attention deficit

disorders which many caffeine rich drinks do.

Through a comparison to the recommendations in the literature (Appendix A) and to

other products, the unique difference that Aqualyte provides is highlighted. Aqualyte has

been developed based on science and the needs of workers, not for the general public.

Composition Comparison of Oral Replacement Supplements

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Packaging & Production

Sachets

Both sized sachets are packaged in aluminium to ensure

product integrity in all environmental conditions.

Arabic translation is provided on the 800g sachets.

Shelf life is 2 years.

Cartons

Dimensions: 28.5 L x 22.5 W x 23.0 H

Weight: 9kg

Handling: 100 cartons per pallet.

Aqualyte is manufactured by Point Health Pty Ltd in specialised facilities provided by

Fresh Food Industries (FFI) in Perth, Western Australia. All manufacturing is governed

and regulated by strict Australian manufacturing standards.

Aqualyte is manufactured and shipped according to supply requirements which

maximises product shelf life.

Supply & Delivery

Available stocks of Aqualyte are stored at the distributor’s warehouse facilities in Dubai

and can be delivered across the Middle East in quantities and at a frequency according to

the client’s needs.

For further details, please contact

Girot Trading LLC

SPORTINLIFE Distribution

PO Box 29444

Dubai, UAE

Tel: +971 4 2896001

Fax: +971 4 2896002

[email protected]

www.sportinlife.ae

Gary Flint

Mobile: +971 50 849 1322

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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Hydration Poster – English and Hindi

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Hydration Poster

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Hydration, Health and Performance – Presentations

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APPENDIX A

HEALTH, PERFORMANCE AND ORAL REHYDRATION SUPPLEMENTS

A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Hydration, Health & Performance

HEALTH, PERFORMANCE AND ORAL REHYDRATION

SUPLEMENTS Fluid and electrolyte supplements are designed to replace the water and electrolytes lost from body fluids

in sweat. The same or similar products may be used to replace fluids lost in other ways such as in

diarrhoeal illness. Progressive fluid loss, such as can occur with prolonged sweating, reduces blood

volume affecting blood supply to muscles, and to the skin for regulation of body temperature. Physical

performance, judgement and coordination suffer, and fatigue and the risk of heat illness increase.

An electrolyte drink replaces lost electrolytes, which assists retention of the water and replenishment of

fluid volume. If correctly formulated the drink will be absorbed more rapidly than plain water, and help

combat fatigue, while palatability will stimulate the drinking of larger volumes than if only water is

available.

WHO NEEDS A FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE SUPPLEMENT Electrolytes lost with light or even moderate sweating are easily replenished from the diet. Regular food

intake, and drinking water with and between meals, is sufficient. In fact the sodium content of electrolyte

replacement beverages makes these unsuitable for indiscriminate use particularly for anyone prone to high

blood pressure. The marketing of ‘sports drinks’ for general consumption by relatively sedentary people

in temperate climates is irresponsible for this reason.

On the other hand, athletes engaging in prolonged strenuous activity or manual workers in hot climates

may be sweating at rates of a litre or more per hour [1, 2] and need to replace fluid at the same rate to

avoid dehydration. At this sweat rate the sodium losses may be equivalent to 2-3 g of table salt per hour

[3]. Replacement with plain water is inadequate or even dangerous; at best the water is quickly lost in

urine, and at worst body fluids may become dangerously diluted. Consuming an appropriate fluid and

electrolyte drink during work or prolonged sporting events in the heat is much more effective at

combating fatigue and preventing dehydration.

WHAT SHOULD A SUPPLEMENT CONTAIN? To prevent dehydration the supplement should replace body fluid constituents lost in sweat; the most

important of these are water, sodium and potassium. Carbohydrates such as sucrose (table sugar) or

glucose are added to promote rapid absorption, combat fatigue and enhance palatability. Products differ

considerably in the concentration of these main components. A food acid such as citric acid is used to

create a mildly acid product which enhances flavour.

Osmolarity The osmolarity of a fluid is a measure of the concentration of dissolved particles. All of the ingredients

contribute to the osmolarity. Solutions with similar osmolarity to body fluids are termed isotonic

(approximately 280 mosmol/L), whereas hypertonic solutions are more concentrated and hypotonic

solutions are less concentrated than body fluids.

Hypertonic solutions empty slowly from the stomach and are more likely to cause bloating and

gastrointestinal distress, limiting consumption. They are also absorbed more slowly from the intestine

delaying rehydration. Isotonic and hypotonic solutions empty rapidly from the stomach into the intestine,

where hypotonic solutions are absorbed most rapidly.


Sodium The normal sodium concentration in the extracellular fluid (which includes the blood plasma) is 150

millimoles per litre (mmol/L). In one study sweat sodium content ranged from 35 to 72 mmol/L [3] so

sweating concentrates the sodium in the extracellular fluid and stimulates thirst. Drinking plain water

corrects the concentration and alleviates thirst but does not fully restore lost volume; which requires

replacement of the sodium. Most of this will come from the diet, but between meals a sodium-containing

drink combats dehydration as sodium is actively taken up from the gut and water is absorbed along with it,

promoting rapid and complete rehydration and fluid retention.

The amount of sodium in a rehydration beverage is limited by palatability. A mildly salty taste is

appealing, especially when one is dehydrated, and will stimulate consumption, however if the sodium

content is too high palatability suffers and less will be consumed. A sodium concentration of 10-20

mmol/L is suitable

Potassium Most of the body’s potassium is found inside the cells, with only about 5 mmol/L in the extracellular fluid

and plasma. The potassium content of sweat varies but is usually between 4 and 7 mmol/L [4], with light

to moderate sweating this is readily replaced from the diet. When sweating is heavy an electrolyte drink

containing potassium helps to maintain stable levels in the body fluids which is essential for normal nerve

and muscle function. The potassium content of the drink should not be too high as excess potassium can

affect the heart; research suggests that 3-7mmol/L is sufficient to offset sweat losses.

Carbohydrate Carbohydrates are added to electrolyte drinks for various reasons, in fact a recent study has shown that the

presence of carbohydrate in the mouth (even without ingestion) improves performance [5]. The amount of

carbohydrate is important as too much slows gastric emptying [6] and raises osmolarity restricting

absorption. Research has shown that carbohydrate concentrations of 3-4% are optimal with higher

concentrations slowing rehydration and causing discomfort.

Glucose, sucrose and other sugars enhance the taste and mask saltiness, improving palatability.

Sucrose is sweeter than glucose and has less effect on osmolarity, so is often the main

carbohydrate, however very sweet drinks, although initially attractive, do not encourage high

consumption

Glucose in combination with sodium is rapidly absorbed from the intestine promoting uptake of

water and enhancing rehydration. In the intestine sucrose is broken down to glucose (and

fructose). Maltodextrin, a tasteless carbohydrate found in some drinks has little effect on

osmolarity and breaks down to glucose in the intestine.

Carbohydrate provides a source of energy, maintaining blood glucose and combating fatigue.

This is an additional reason for consuming an electrolyte drink during prolonged sport or work.

However high carbohydrate levels as found in many drinks contribute a significant calorie load to

the diet, which may be a concern.


Other ingredients Many electrolyte drinks contain other electrolytes such as magnesium or calcium, or vitamins such as

vitamins C and B. This is a marketing tactic and the rationale for adding these is tenuous. Magnesium

and calcium are both essential for muscle function but losses in sweat are minimal [4] and are readily

replaced from dietary sources. Both substances are efficiently reused and recycled in the body, so unless

diets are deficient there is no benefit in supplementation. The same applies for vitamins; a balanced and

varied diet will provide adequate quantities, often in a more usable form than a supplement. The addition

of ingredients for the sake of marketing is counterproductive as all additional ingredients add to the

osmolarity, potentially compromising the effectiveness of the product for its primary purpose of fluid

replacement.

WHY AQUALYTE? Aqualyte was developed as a result of extensive research into the composition of sweat and the prevention

of heat illness and dehydration, and unlike other products on the market, is specifically formulated for

prolonged use by military personnel, endurance athletes and for work in hot environments.

Aqualyte has a low carbohydrate content and is HYPOTONIC when made up correctly, promoting rapid

gastric emptying, minimising bloating and encouraging consumption of greater volumes than that of other,

sweeter drinks. The refreshing, mildly citrus flavour is well accepted and the relatively lower acidity is

less damaging to the teeth when consumed in quantity.

7 reasons for choosing AQUALYTE Prevents dehydration as it is rapidly absorbed keeping pace with sweat losses.

Maintains the correct electrolyte balance.

Contains appropriate levels of glucose to provide energy for muscular work.

Delays the onset of fatigue.

Fewer calories than other fluid replacement drinks, cordials and soft drinks.

Less acidic than other fluid replacement drinks.

Aids concentration in work and sport rather than contribute to attention deficit disorders which

many caffeine rich drinks do.


Composition Comparison of Oral Rehydration Supplements

Per 100mL mmol/L

Energy

(kJ)

Carbo-

hydrate

(g)

Sodium

(mg)

Potassium

(mg)

Sodium

(Na+)

Potassiu

m (K+)

Aqualyte 67 3.7 28 12 12 3

Carbo Shotz 115 6.8 50 19 22 4.9

Elete 0 0 12.5 13 5 5

Game 122 7.6 25 5.2 11 1.3

Gatorade 103 6.0 47 22.5 21 6

Hydralyte ~100 5.7 29 36 13 9

Oral Rehyd Salts (ORS) 34 2.0 206 100 90 20

PB Fluid & Electrolyte 109 6.8 58 18 25 4.6

Pocari Sweat 108 6.7 49 20 21 5

Powerade 134 7.6 28 14.1 12 4

Prolyte 34 2 207 78 90 20

Staminade 86 5 23 19.5 10 5

Squincher 125 7.4 22 18 10 5

Recommended

Concentrations 3-4 g 23-46 mg 12 - 40 mg

10-20

mmol/L

3 - 10

mmol/L

References 1. Brake, D.J. and G.P. Bates, Fluid losses and hydration status of industrial workers under thermal

stress working extended shifts. Occup Environ Med, 2003. 60(2): p. 90-96.

2. Miller, V. and G. Bates, Hydration of outdoor workers in northwest Australia. The Journal of

Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, 2007. 23(1): p. 79-87.

3. Bates, G. and V. Miller, Sweat rate and sodium loss during work in the heat. Journal of

Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 2008. 3(1): p. 4.

4. Montain, S.J., S.N. Cheuvront, and H.C. Lukaski, Sweat mineral-element responses during 7 h of

exercise-heat stress. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 2007. 17(6): p. 574-82.

5. Chambers, E.S., M.W. Bridge, and D.A. Jones, Carbohydrate sensing in the human mouth: effects

on exercise performance and brain activity. J Physiol, 2009. 587(Pt 8): p. 1779-94.

6. Murray, R., et al., A comparison of the gastric emptying characteristics of selected sports drinks.

Int J Sport Nutr, 1999. 9(3): p. 263-74.

aqualyte - general information 2013

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