ARC VIEWARC VIEW

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM(GIS)SYSTEM(GIS)

HUSSAIN MAJIDHUSSAIN MAJID

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Arc View GIS gives us power to visualize, explore, query and analyse data geographically. In this system we deal with data in a new way.

Maps are being used for thousand of years to analyse geographical information. In Arc View we can use existing available data to create hundreds of different maps. Once a map is made, it is easy to add tabular data i.e. dBase files. In fact Arc View lets you create maps to show off your data.

Creating Maps with Arc ViewCreating Maps with Arc View

Maps in Arc View are based on spatial data. Spatial data is a data containing the geographic location of feature on earth’s surface, alongwith attribute information describing what these feature represent. To create a new map we follow the steps

• Start Arc View• In project window click new button to create a

new view.• Click the add theme button to add spatial data to

map form the directory containing spatial data.

Scale of Field and Map UnitsScale of Field and Map Units

Scale of field and map units are adjustable as we require. To do so we just click the view menu and choose properties as we require.

Measurement of the Distance between Measurement of the Distance between two Places on Maptwo Places on Map

Measuring tool is used to measure the Arial distance between two places. The result is given in the distance units we select.

Theme’s Display PropertyTheme’s Display Property

If we require that map should be displayed in certain range of scale, this can set by theme display properties button. This can be done just clicking the theme properties button and entering the desired range.

Addition of Data to MapsAddition of Data to Maps

• Image data- Satellite images and Arial photographs

• Computer Aided Design- CAD drawings with the use of CAD reader extension

• Tabular Data-Tabular data in dBase using SQL connection feature, connect to dBase server i.e. Oracle.

Adding Tabular Data About Adding Tabular Data About Features to MapFeatures to Map

We can

• Type data straight in to Arc View

• Load tabular data from files

• Load tabular data from data bases using SQL connection

Loading Existing Data to Arc ViewLoading Existing Data to Arc View

If our data is already in a computer as a file or in dBase. We load data in Arc View and then we can add the data to a map by joining it to the attribute table to an appropriate theme.To do so we choose add table from project menue.

Loading Tabular Data From Loading Tabular Data From Data BasesData Bases

Using Arc View’s SQL connection feature we can connect to a data base server such as Oracle and run SQL query to retrieve record from it. The record you access become table in your project.

Creating New Table in Creating New Table in Arc ViewArc View

It is another way to get your data in Arc View. We can create a new empty table and type in all the values. We can then join or link it to a theme attribute table. Creating a new table is a good way to get into Arc View because our data is more flexible as compare to data in a separate table.

Adding Street Addresses and Other Adding Street Addresses and Other Locations to a MapLocations to a Map

If our data contains geographical location of a place then we can add this location to the map. These locations may be in the following forms:

• X, Y coordinates i.e. files containing the longitude and latitude.

• Measurement along the route feature.Once data is added to map, then we can symbolize, Query and analyse the data.

Symbolizing the DataSymbolizing the Data

When we display our data on map we can show it using different distributions, relationships and trends. This helps us to communicate our information and results more effectively. We can show our maps using:– Unique value map– Graduated colour map– Graduated symbol map

Labelling Maps With Text And Labelling Maps With Text And GraphicsGraphics

• We can label a theme’s feature with information from any of the fields in the theme’s attribute table.

• We can add additional information by typing text directly on to map.

• We can draw graphics using drawing tools such as circles, boxes and lines on the top of the map to draw attention to a particular feature.

Setting up and Setting up and UsingUsing Hot Links Hot Links

This is another way to provide additional information on a view by setting up hot links between features and external files. In this way we can display the file specified by hot links for the particular features. Information such as buildings, plans, photographs, documents and video clips etc.

Charting DataCharting Data

Charts can represents complex tabular information because it is an attractive and easy way to understand data. These can show additional information or same information in different way. Charts can be dynamically linked to maps and tables In Arc View.

Drawing a New Map with Arc ViewDrawing a New Map with Arc View

Editing function of Arc View can be used to draw a new map in a view. Digitizing tablet can be used instead of mouse to create spatial data from the features on any paper map. A new map may consist of following themes.

• Point Theme• Line Theme• Polygon theme

Creating New Point ThemeCreating New Point Theme

Arc View Point theme are used to represent locations such as cities, Hotels , Educational institutions, Hospitals and shops etc. We can add new points to a view using Arc View’s editing function. Once we add a point to a view, tabular data describing these points can then be added.

Creating a New Line ThemeCreating a New Line Theme

If we want to add a narrow features to a view such as roads, streams, pipelines, we can create a Arc View’s line theme. When a line is added to a theme, we can add information to the theme attribute table regarding line i.e. Length, location and type etc.

Creating a New Polygon ThemeCreating a New Polygon Theme

Polygon feature are drawn in Arc View to represent homogenous areas such as states, Parcels, land use zone or forests stands etc. When anew polygon is added

to a theme Arc View adds record to the Theme’s attribute table. We can add new fields to the table to store additional information regarding polygon.

Working with ImagesWorking with ImagesImages are useful source of information. The images may be scanned maps or photographs. We can add aerial photographs to a view to provide a realisticbackground to other view. We can add satellite images to review minute information i.e. about topography and geology of land, about weather condition or flood levels etc.

Laying Out and Printing MapsLaying Out and Printing Maps

Arc View can be used to create different layouts. We can assemble and arrange all the components, which we want to add to a lay out. Layout makes it easy to produce presentable maps. We can place more than one view onto a layout alongwith any Chart or table. The layout created is printable.

Ba loc his ta n

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DIS P UT ED A RE A

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Ocean

Projected population in 20000.2 M - 16.4 M16.4 M - 48.5 M48.5 M - 107.5 M107.5 M - 270.1 M270.1 M - 1304.5 MNo Data

LakesRivers

6000 0 6000 12000 Miles

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World

Balochistan

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DISPUTED AREA

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Balochistan

SIND

PUNJAB

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NWFP

DISPUTED AREA

FATA

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Pakistan

Application of Arc View in DOS Application of Arc View in DOS ProjectsProjects

Storing information about PAEC establishments i.e.

• Inventory of sealed radiation sources

• Waste management data base

• Data regarding the handling of radiation victims at various PAEC medical centers

• Chalking out emergency plan in case of accidental releases

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