argumentation
TRANSCRIPT
ATLANTA
An argumentThree types of argumentation
1. Basic structure2. Practical structure3. Local and global structure
Conclusion / wrap up
ARGUMENTATION
1. AN ARGUMENT
“Information that is offered to make a claim acceptable to the hearer”
– Explicit versus implicit– Logical, coherent link• A + B = C
1. AN ARGUMENT
RationalIrrational
Modern advertising– Fact/logic V.S. myth/pleasure
Types of argumentation1. Basic structure2. Practical structure3. Local and global structure3
1. BASIC STRUCTURE
Deductive logic – syllogismTwo premises and a conclusion
Claim
Warrant
Data
1. BASIC STRUCTURE
Culture and subculture
Statements should always be examined (culture)– Example: Cheap gas
1. BASIC STRUCTURE
2. PRACTICAL ARGUMENTATION
Simplest form of argumentation– Problem and solution
(hedging, discounting, slanting)
Example
Hedging– Adjectival– Sentence adverbs– Scale of certainty – Inference
2. PRACTICAL ARGUMENTATION
“Carlsberg – probably the best beer in the world”
Discounting
When a speaker may refer to, or quote a point that represents the opponent’s view ””
To steal the opponents fire
Puts the speaker in a position to choose the terms
2. PRACTICAL ARGUMENTATION
Slanting
Words that are biased
Confuse the enemy ? ??
2. PRACTICAL INFORMATION
3. LOCAL AND GLOBAL STRUCTURE
Different local cultures and argumentation logic
Use of scales: “X” points towards
conclusion “Y”
CONCLUSION/WRAP UP
Why do we argue?Consider receiver's cultureBasic, practical and local/global structure