arh 102 chapter 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 non-western

8/13/2019 ARH 102 Chapter 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 Non-Western

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Chapter 32

South And Southeast Asia After 1200

Islam arrived in the Indian subcontinent in the 8 thcentury

Establishment of the Sultanate of Delhi 1206-1526

While uslim Sultans from !entral "sia ruled much of northern India#$indu

dynasts controlled most of the South

uslim u%hal em&erors of India art &atrons

u%hal#descended from the on%ols

$indu art flourished under the 'i(ayana%ar )1**6-1565+, aya. dynasties)152/-1*6+, and the a(&ut .in%doms )1500-1850+

uddhism and uddhist art dominated much of Southeast "sia

u%hal Em&ire ended 185 ) 1526-185+

3or nearly a century thereafter India 4as ruled by the ritish

nder the leadershi& of ahatma andhi,

India 7 )a.istan-)a%ainst his 4ishes++ attained inde&endence in 1/9

Indian Miniature Painting

ost &o&ular form of &aintin% under the u%hal em&erors 7 a(&ut .in%s 4asminiature &aintin% )about the si:e of &a%e in a boo.+

Desi%ned to be held in the hand, either as illustrations in boo.s or loose-leaf &a%esin albums

'ery rarely hun% them on 4alls#never framed

sed o&a;ue 4atercolors 7 &a&er )occasionally cotton cloth+

e;uired years of trainin% as an a&&rentice to learn artistic s.ills

any artists 4or.in% for the Islamic u%hal em&erors si%ned their 4or.


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Chapter 33

China And Korea After 1279

!hina is the oldest state on earth< It is also the only lar%e country in the 4orld

4hich has never at any time &assed under Euro&ean rule=

>ublai >han )on%ols+ &roclaimed himself the ne4 em&eror of !hina )r< 12/-

12/9+ 7 founded the ?uan dynasty

!hina used &a&er currency, invented &orcelain, had an efficient &ostal system, 7

had much more advanced hy%iene &ractices then the Euro&eans

Literati#scholar-artists, 4ho emer%ed durin% the Son% dynasty#%enerally came

from &rominent families 74ere hi%hly educated alon% 4ith bein% stee&ed in

traditional !hinese culture

Chapter 34

Japan After 1336

Muroa!hi Period "1336#1$73%

Sho%un )head of the most &o4erful military family+, "shi.a%a @a.au(i, too.control of the country, 4hich mar.ed the be%innin% of the uromachi &eriod

Sho%un mana%ed the country 7 maintained unity on the rulin% em&erorAs behalf#but control really rested 4ith the sho%unate

Sho%unate com&osed of samurai )4arriors+

Durin% this &eriod, Ben uddhism flourished#4hich em&hasi:ed ri%orous

disci&line 7 &ersonal res&onsibility#so held an attraction for the u&&er echelons

&ea Cereon'

3avorite eCercise durin% the omoyama &eriod

!arried various &olitical 7 ideolo%ical im&lications

@he tea ceremony contributed to the democrati:ation of a&anese society#noran. in a teahouse#one had to cra4 on hands 7 .nees 4hen enterin%#intended

to foster humility 7 e%alitarianism

Democratic ideal also influenced the aesthetics of teahouses 7 tea ceremony

utensils

tensils valued for their inherent beauty rather than their monetary 4orth


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e4 rustic )wabi & sabi+ aesthetic su%%ested austerity 7 sim&licity#7 old 74eathered a&&earance

(do Period "161$#1)6)%

Sho%unate rea&&ear

Sho%un @o.u%a4a Ieyasu moved official ca&ital from >yoto to Edo )[email protected]+

!hristianity banned 7 all Western forei%ners eC&elled#eCce&t the Dutch

@hose in &o4er transformed !onfucian ideas of social 7 civil res&onsibility into

&ublic &olicy

Chapter 3$

*ati+e Arts of the Aeri!as After 1300ayan ?ucatFn re%ion of eCico and the hi%hlands of uatemala#about *00 to

600 !E

":tecs !entral eCico#about 1*25-1521 !E

Inca eru, Ecuador, to central !hile#1900s-1600s !E

Mesoaeri!a

Illustrated boo.s 4ere hi%hly &ri:ed in esoamerica

oo.s recorded history, rituals, astronomical tables, calendrical calculations,ma&s, 7 trade and tribute accounts

@eCts consisted of hiero%ly&hic columns read from left to ri%ht 7 to& to bottom

Gnly 9 aya boo.s survive

A,te!

@ransformed themselves 4ithin a fe4 %enerations from mi%ratory outcasts 7 serfs

to mercenaries 7 then to masters in their o4n ri%ht of the 'alley of eCico

!alled themselves eCica

Were considered fierce in 4ar 7 cruel in &eace

@hey chan%ed the social 7 &olitical situation in eCico#subservient %rou&s hadto &rovide victims to be sacrificed ":tec deities#sta%ed 4ars to obtain ca&tives

for future sacrifice


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uins of the ":tec ca&ital, @enochtitlFn lie directly beneath the center of modern-

day eCico !ity

Chapter 36

-!eania

Gceanic cultures are not only %eo%ra&hically varied but also &olitically,lin%uistically, and artistically diverse

Gceania consists of more than 25,000 islands, less than 1,500 inhabitable,

includin% the island continent of "ustraliau.aAilimo.u, the 4ar %od

Chapter 37

Afri!a After 1)00

Afri!a

"frican art4or. 4as collected as a novelty 4ith little understandin% of the

function

"frican art %reatly affected modern art

It 4as not until 4ell after WWII that "frica %ained its inde&endence

"frica made u& of 9 countries )5* includin% dis&uted territories and islands

surroundin% the continent+


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Mass Masuerades

Serves several &ur&oses#commemoration, healin%, divination )su&ernatural

&o4ers+, 7 social re%ulation

as.s sometimes became so influential they had their o4n &riests#

as.ed dancers usually embody ancestors, or various nature s&irits both called

u&on for their s&ecial &o4ers

as.s 7 mas;uerades are mediators#bet4een men 7 4omen, youths 7 elders,

etc

arh 102 chapter 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 non-western

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