armamentarium utilized for dental anesthesia

7/28/2019 Armamentarium Utilized for Dental Anesthesia

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Armamentarium utilized for dental ane

By: Dr. Alshaimaa Ahmed

Lecturer of Oral & Maxillofacial s


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The armamentarium

This includes :

1. Syringe

2. Needle

3. Local anesthetic cartilage

4. Additional items like : topical antiseptic, topicanesthesia &cotton applicator


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The syringe

It is the vehicle whereby the content of the ancartilage are delivered through the needle topatient


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The syringe

Parts:

1. Needle adaptor

2. Syringe barrel

3. Piston

4. Harpoon

5. Finger grip6. Thumb ring


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The syringe


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The syringe

ADA criteria for acceptance of dental syringe:

1. Durable and able to withstand repeated sterilization wdamage

2. Capable of accepting a wide variety of cartilage and

3. Inexpensive

4. Lightweight

5. Simple to use in one hand6. Provide effective aspiration and constructed so that th

may be easily observed in the cartilage


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Types of dental syringe

According to aspiration:

Aspirating dental syringe

Non-aspirating dental syringe

Self- Aspirating dental syringe


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Self aspirating dental syringe:

These syringes use the elasticity of therubber diaphragm in the anestheticcartilage to obtain the necessary negativepressure for aspiration

Parts : thumb disc & metal projection

Advantage :easy to aspirate with smallhands

Disadvantages: feeling of insecurity


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According to the Loading:

Basal Loading

Lateral loading (Breech-loading)


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Types of dental Syringes

According to the material:

Metal ( chrome plated orstainless steel )

Plastic


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Advantages and disadvantages of the plastic Syringe :

A. Advantages:

1. Plastic eliminate metallic look

2. Lightweight

3. Cartilage is visible

4. Rust resistance

B. Disadvantages:1. Possibility of infection with improper care

2. Deterioration of plastic with repeated autoclaving


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Pressure Syringe:

introduced in the late 1970

Used for the periodontal ligament injection

Advantage:

1. Measured dose

2. Overcome tissue resistance

3. Cartilage protected Disadvantage:

1. Cost

2. Easy to inject too rapidly

3. threatening


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Jet Injector:

based on the principle that liquids forced through verycalled jets at very high pressure can penetrate the intamucous membrane

Used to obtain topical anesthesia or anesthesia at the

Advantages:

1. Does not require use of needle

2. Deliver very small volumes of local anesthesia Disadvantages:

1. Inadequate for pulpal anesthesia

2. Some patient disturbed by the jolt of injection

3. Damage the periodontal ligament


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Disposable syringe:

Advantages:

1. Disposable, single use

2. Sterile until opened

3. Lightweight

Disadvantages:

1. Dose not accept prefilled dental cartilage

2. Aspiration difficult


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Types of dental syringeSafety syringe

It minimize the risk of accidental needle stick injury

These syringes posses a sheath that locks over the needremoved from patient mouth

Advantages:

1. Disposable, single use

2. Sterile until opened

3. Lightweight

Disadvantages:

1. Cost

2. May feel awkward to first time user


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Computer- Controlled local anesthetic delivery system


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Care and handling of syring

The syringe should be washed and rinsed before the au

After five autoclavings, the syringe should be dismantlelubricated

Harpoon should be cleaned with a brush after each us

Replace the harpoon and piston if they lost their sharpn


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Problems

Leakage during injection

Broken cartilage

Bent harpoon

Disengagement of the harpoon from the plunger durin

Surface deposits


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The Needle

The needle is the vehicle that permitting localsolution to travel from dental cartilage into thesurrounding the needle tip

The needle are made of stainless steel

Needle manufactured for dental intraoral usepresteralized and disposable


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The Needle

Parts of the needle :

Bevel

Shaft

Hub

The needle adaptor The cartilage penetrating part


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The Needle

The gauge:

It is the diameter of the lumen of the needle

The smaller the number the greater the diameter of the

There are many available diameters 25, 27 & 30 gaugecolor coded

Small or large gauge needle?

The advantages of using larger gauge over smaller gau

1. Less deflection as the needle advances through tissue2. Greater accuracy of injection

3. Less chance of needle brakage

4. Easier aspiration


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The Needle

Length:

Dental needles are available inthree length:

Long (30-35mm standard 32)and used for nerve blockinjections

Short (20-25 mm standard 20)used for infilteration injections

Ultra-short available only in 30gauge needles


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Care and handling of need

Needle must never be used on morethan one patient

Needle should be changed afterseveral tissue penetration in the samepatient

Needle should be covered withprotective sheath

Attention should always be paid to theposition of the uncovered needle tip

Needle must be probably disposedafter used.


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The problems

Pain on insertion

Breakage

Pain on withdrawal

injury to patient or administrator


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The Cartilage

Component:

The prefilled 1.8ml dental cartilage consists of

1. Cylindrical glass tube

2. Stopper (plunger)3. Aluminum cap

4. diaphragm


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The Cartilage


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The Cartilage

Content:

1. Local anesthetic drug

2. Vasopressor drug

3. Preservative (sodium bisulfite)

4. Sodium chloride5. Distilled water

6. Methylparaben


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Care and handling

Storage

Sterilization

Cartilage warmers


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Problems

Bubble in the cartilage

Extruded stopper

Burning on injections

Corroded Cap

Rust on the cap

Leakage during Injection

Broken cartilage


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Preparation of armamentari

Loading of the syringe:

1. Retract the piston

2. Apply the cartilage

3. Attach the harpoon

4. Screw the needle Reloading the syringe


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Management of patient recelocal anesthesia

Case History

Informing the patient about the procedure

Testing the local anesthesia for sensitivity through:

1. Skin test

2. Intranasal test

Preparation of the site of injection:

1. Topical anesthesia

2. Dryness

3. Topical antiseptic

injection


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armamentarium utilized for dental anesthesia

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