army g-3/5/7 america’s army: the strength of the nation 1 unclassified unclassified lesson 6:...

Army G-3/5/7Army G-3/5/7

AMERICA’S ARMY:THE STRENGTH OF THE NATION

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Lesson 6: Planning – Mission Analysis

Mr. Robert “Bob” Maginnis

Multinational Strategy and Plans Division

HQDA, G-35

5 November 2013

BLOCK

Army Security Cooperation Planners Course



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Enabling Learning Objectives

ELO#1: Understand military decision making process

ELO#2: Describe the mission analysis steps that contribute to country planning

Enabling Learning Objectives and Readings

A plan is a framework from which to adapt, not a script to be followed to the letter.-ADRP 5-0 The Operations Process, paragraph 2-4



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• Overview– The military decision making process

can be adapted to DOD country planning

• Agenda– Army Mission Analysis– Elements of Mission Analysis

• Analyze Higher Level Guidance• Assess the Security Environment• Define the Desired Security Role• Determine Required Partner

Country Condition• Assess Partner Country Condition• Identify Resources Available• Authorities, Programs and Activities

Overview & Agenda

Primary References



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UNCLASSIFIEDMISSION ANALYSIS OF TRIP TO MARS



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• The military decision making process (MDMP) is an iterative planning methodology that integrates the activities of the commander, staff, subordinate headquarters, and other partners to understand the situation and mission; develop and compare courses of action; decide on a course of action that best accomplishes the mission; and produce an operation plan or order for execution.

• The MDMP facilitates collaborative planning.

• The MDMP also drives preparation.

• The MDMP consists of seven steps. Each step of the MDMP has various inputs and outputs. The outputs lead to an increased understanding of the situation facilitating the next step of the MDMP.

• The MDMP can be as detailed as time, resources, experience, and the situation permit.

Military Decision Making Process



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UNCLASSIFIEDMission Analysis Key Inputs

Key Inputs• Higher headquarters' plan

or order• Higher headquarters’

knowledge and intelligence products

• Knowledge products from other organizations

• Design conceptCountry Plan



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UNCLASSIFIEDMission Analysis Key Outputs

Key Outputs• Problem statement• Mission statement• Initial commander’s intent• Initial planning guidance• Initial Commander’s

Information Requirements (CIR) and Essential Elements of Friendly Information (EEFI)

• Updated Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB) and Running Estimates

• Assumptions

Country Plan



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UNCLASSIFIEDGov’s Interests Country Planning

Partner NationPredictable and reliable

Relationship with US

Combatant CommandsFlexibility, responsiveness, stability

Credibility with partners

CJCS“find new ways to leverage

the capacity of allies

OSDEffective, efficient, accountable approach

Centralized management of BPC resources

CongressCarefully control expenditures

Demand(!) central management

StateAlign with National Security Objectives

Require central management

Country Plan

ServicesWhat are the

resource requirements?

Defense AgenciesWe need to be reflected

in this



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Strategic Interests• GCC primary responsibility• Objectives

– Relationships– Access

• Facilities• Agreements• Permission/willingness

– Partner capacity and capability• Capability (What?)

– Lesser developed countries

• Capacity (How much?)– More developed

countries

Institutional Interests• Service primary responsibility• Overarching objectives

– Training• Deployment• Language, regional expertise,

and culture• Advisor skills

– Interoperability– Armaments cooperation

• Research and development• Foreign military sales

DoD Interests in Country Planning

Ultimately, both strategic and institutional objectives supports the GCCs



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COUNTRY PLANNING – MISSION ANALYSIS

1. Analyze higher guidance2. Assess security environment of partner country3. Define desired security roles of partner country4. Determine required partner country condition5. Identify resources available

Chp. 3, pp. 14-16



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Department of Defense Guidance for Employment

of the Force (GEF)• Planning guidance• Theater end states• Critical partners• Security cooperation

focus areas

United States National Security

Strategy• Security• Prosperity• Values• International Order

Mission Analysis:#1: Analyze Higher Level Guidance

Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership: Priorities for the

21st Century• Regional guidance• Primary missions of the

U.S. Armed Forces

Guidance for Employment of the Force



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Combatant Command Campaign Plans

• Theater Campaign plans

• Global plans• Contingency plans• Country plans

Mission Analysis:#1: Analyze Higher Level Guidance

Department of State Integrated Country Strategy– Ambassador’s Goals– Relationship between

Mission Goals, and broader USG regional goals

– Current operating environment

United States Agency for International Development

Country Development Cooperation Strategy

– Basic development challenges

– Strategic rationale for addressing challenges and opportunities

– Long term development vision



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• Relevant geopolitical trends• Significant internal and external threats

– Breadth and complexity of their operational demands• Key security cooperation opportunities

– Partner country’s role in regional organizations• Capabilities and resources of the partner nation

– Force structure– Defense budget– Expenditures on weapons system purchases

• Goals and activities of other USG departments• Goals and activities of other countries

Mission Analysis: #2: Assess the Security Environment



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• Potential roles– Supporting partner in regional security framework(s) – Potential partner in coalition/bilateral operations – Stable and secure country that denies sanctuary to terrorists,

insurgents, criminals, or other hostile transnational elements – Partner in providing/protecting access to the global “commons” – Partner in developing technology – Partner in providing intelligence

and information sharing – Role in deterring a potential

state aggressor• Risk to US strategy of the partner does

not assume that role• Regional implications of US efforts aimed

at enabling the country to play the role

Mission Analysis: #3: Define the Desired Security Role

US and Georgian Officers



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• Necessary degree of consensus among political leadership and society• Necessary operational capability and capacity• Necessary institutional capability and capacity

– Degree of legitimacy and legal status– Decision making– Resource management– Human resources– Equipment and logistics– Integrating mechanisms

Mission Analysis: #4: Determine Required Partner Country Condition

Use the Doctrine, Organization, Training, Material, Leadership & education, Personnel & Facilities (DOTMLPF) construct to identify operational capability

and capacity requirements



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UNCLASSIFIED Principles: Build and Maintain Situational Understanding

• Situational understanding is the product of applying analysis and judgment to relevant information to determine the relationships among the operational and mission variables to facilitate decision-making



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Current Interim (2–5 years) End state (5–10 years)

Doctrine2015 objective force document devoid of MI; DMI has clearly defined MI proponency role

DMI and G-2 or J-2 developing and validating doctrine based on inputs from foreign donors

FSF DMI and G-2 or J-2 operating using indigenous doctrine interoperable with regional, multinational, or peacekeeping forces

OrganizationFSF G-2 or J-2 structured under G-3 or J-3. Extremely limited MI capability in mission critical unitsNo resident MI capability in training centers

FSF G-2 or J-2 structuredunder J-3. Limited MI capability in mission critical units, MI included at training centers

G-2 or J-2 coequal with G-3 or J-3. Sufficient MI capability in mission critical units

MI integral in training centers

TrainingNo organized individual or collective MI training

in the GS office of primary responsibility, training centers, or mission critical units

Organized individual and collective MI training, conducted or funded by foreign donors (GS office of primary responsibility, training centers, mission critical units)

Individual and collective MI training conducted and funded by the host nation(GS, training centers, and mission critical units)

MaterielNo training materials in the MI office of primary responsibility in the GS

Reliable C2 between GS and mission critical units necessary for functioning of MI reporting chains

FSF MI personnel using MI material provided by foreign donors, including C2 linking GS and mission-critical units

FSF sourcing or funding for its own MI and C2 equipment, with limited foreign advice and assistance

Leadership and education

DMI and GJ2 relationships currently being defined— with one another, with G-3 or J-3, with training centers, with civilian intelligence agencies

DMI and G-2 or J-2 relationships clearly defined – with one another, with J-3, with training centers, with civilian intelligence agencies

DMI and G-2 or J-2 relationships—with one another, with J-3, with training centers, with civilianintelligence agencies—stable and functional

PersonnelNo MI qualified faculty in training centers

Extremely limited qualified MI personnel in the GS, training centers, and mission critical units

Limited qualified faculty in training centers, minimal qualified MI personnel in the GS, training centers, and mission critical units

Self-sustaining qualified faculty in training centers, adequate qualified MI personnel in the GS, training centers, mission critical units

FacilitiesAdequacy of DMI and G-2 or J-2 offices UNK. MI school to be built

Adequate DMI and G-3 or J-3 offices. MI school under construction

Adequate DMI and J-2 offices, MI school fully furnished and operational



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• Identify the security objectives/aspirations of the partner country• Determine whether the partner country is already performing, or is inclined

to perform the desired role• Consider the strategic direction of the partner country

– Trends– Opportunities– Constraints– Missions and functions of the

partner’s security forces– Degree of professionalization

• Identify areas toward which steady-state activities should be applied, redundancies, gaps, and areas for collaboration

Mission Analysis: #5: Assess Partner Country Condition



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• Title 10 funding and programs – Office of the Secretary of

Defense– Joint Staff– Services

• Title 22 funding and programs– Foreign Military Financing– International Military

Education and Training– Global Peace Operations

Initiative

• Resources of other USG agencies• Resources provided by the partner

country• Enabling agreements (CISMOA,

ACSA, SOFA)

Mission Analysis: #6: Identify Resources Available



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UNCLASSIFIED Mission Analysis:Programs and Authorities

• Two DOD reviews currently examining military engagement authorities– OSD(P) Security Force Assistance Authorities Working Group– CAPE Building Partner Capacity Strategic Portfolio Review

Funding Type Title Manager Train Equip Relationships

International Military Ed and Training 22 State/DSCA XForeign Military Financing 22 State/DSCA X XGlobal Train & Equip 10 DSCA X XCounternarcotics 10 DSCA X XCooperative Threat Reduction (CWMD) 10 DTRA X X XTraditional COCOM Activities 10 Services XWarsaw Initiative Fund 10 DSCA XService Incremental Funds 10 DSCA XCJCS Exercises 10 Joint Staff XTitle 10 Mil-to-Mil Activities 10 Services XTitle 10 Exercises 10 Services X



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Practical Exercise Groups

Group 1

MAJ Carol Hickey

Mr. Richard Reeves

LTC David Carpenter

CPT Andrew Lee

SFC Lecreacia Brownlee

LTC Vernon Wheeler

MAJ Bradly Parker

SFC Michael Eilers

Maj Dave Van Pelt

LTC Chang Kim

Mr. Paul Cruz

MAJ James Burgess

SSG Jack Androski

MAJ Colin Davis

Group 2CPT Luke MinogueMr. Edward MartinLTC Michael WillisMAJ Janette Kautzman Mr. Trey MaddoxMAJ Eric GriderMAJ Mark VanHanehanMAJ John ParrishLCDR Joshua Jacobson LTC Tomoyoshi MurotaniMAJ Wade MurryCPT Nathan MeinCPT Dong HyunLTC Jim Follwell

Group 3LTC Nelson ChangSGM Tim LeboufCPT Jacob PierceLTC Dave DowningCW3 David GobleCPT Todd WayneLTC Christopher JeszenskyMaj Paul ConroyCPT Megan J FowlerCW3 Roger SmithSGM Jon MatthewsCPT Fabienne SuterMAJ Cheree Browne



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Questions?

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army g-3/5/7 america’s army: the strength of the nation 1 unclassified unclassified lesson 6:...

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