art deco period in history

8/11/2019 Art Deco Period in History

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PR

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ON

A

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D

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C

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STYLE

SONAL SHARMA

AAYOJAN SCHOOL OFARCHITECTURE,JAIPURBATCH 11


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CONTENTS

1. Meaning of Art Deco & Period 1

2. Place of Origin 2

3. Character tics 3-6

4. Influence 7

5.

6.

Famous Buildings of Art Decoa) EMPIRE STATE BUILDINGb) CHRYSLER BUILDING

c)ROCKEFELLER CENTREd) FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPERe) VILLA CAVROISf) CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE

Art Deco in Theatres

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32-37

7. Art Deco in Automobiles & Furniture 38-40

8.

9.

Decline & resurgence

Bibliography

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S.no TOPIC PageNo.


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ART DECO

ART DECO-MEANING

Movement that engulfed its own unique artistry asit raced through interwar culture at exhilaratingspeed.

It was coined in 1966.

Term derives from 1stsyllables of French fordecorative arts(ARTS DECORATIFS).

Unique for its short life span as an exotic influenceon Art Deco is Egyptian styling which emerged withdiscovery of Tutankhamuns tomb in 1922 but all

disappeared by late 1920s.

PERIOD

Began in 1920s,flourished internationallythroughout the 1930s,into World War II era.

1.


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PLACE-

Began

inPARIS

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CHARACTERTICS-

Represents elegance, glamour,functionality and modernity.

Art Decos linear symmetry was a distinctdeparture from the following asymmetrical

organic curves of its predecessor style ArtNouveau.

It was purely decorative ornamental.Structure of Art Deco style is based onmathematical geometric shapes.

Art Deco used machine age & streamlinetechnology such as electric lighting andskyscraper..

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Themes of Art Deco were trapezoidal, zig-

zagged, jumbled shapes eg :FISHERBUILDING,GURDIAN BUILDING in Detroit,United States.

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GURDIAN BUILDINGFISHER BUILDING


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Use of stepped forms and geometric curves,chevron pattern, ziggural shapes ,sunburst motif.

Art Deco is characterized by use of materials

such as Aluminium, Stainless Steel, Bakelite,Chrome ,and inlaid Wood.

Exotic material such as Sharkskin and Zebraskin were also evident.

5ART DECO

SUN BURST MOTIF

CHEVRON PATTERN


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Some of these motifs were ubiquitous for eg:sun burst motif were used in such varied

context as women shoes, radiator grilles andclock faces.eg: AUDITORIUM OF RADIOCITY MUSIC HALL

6ART DECO

SUN BURST MOTIF


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ART DECO.

INFLUENCE-

It embraced influence from many differentstyles of early 20thcentury, including

NEOCLASSICAL,CONSTRUCTIVISM,CUBISM,MODERSINE,FUTURISM

It drew inspiration from ancient Egyptian

&Aztec farms.

Art Deco is said to have represented the

cultural policies of its time with eolecticismhave been one of its defining features.

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ART DECO

FAMOUS BUILDINGS

OF THIS PERIOD-

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A) EMPIRE STATE BUILDING

B) CHRYSLER BUILDING

C) ROCKEFELLER CENTRE

D) FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER

E) VILLA CAVROIS

F) CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE

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ART DECO


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Empire state building, NY (U.S)

Type- office building

Architect- william f.lamba

Contractors: starret brothers

Design/construction:

It was designed from the top down.

Excavation of site began on 21stjan,1930.Construction on building started on 17th

march.(st.patricks day)Project involved 3,400 workers.

Completion time-1year 45days.

Total cost-$40,948,900

10ART DECO


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Architecture:

Height at 102ndfloor-381m including 62m highpinnacle.

Full height-443.09m

Has 85 stories of commercial and office spacerepresenting 200,500sq.m.

Indoor and outdoor observation deck on 86thfloor.

Remaining 16stories represent art deco tower,

capped by 102ndfloor observatory.

11ART DECO


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DETAILS OF PINNACLE

12ART DECO


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ART DECO.

A top tower is 62m pinnacle which is covered by broadcastantennas,with lighting rod at very top.1stbuilding to have more than 100 floors.

Has 6,500 windows and 73 elevators.

Steps from street level to 102ndfloor-1860.

Total floor are of 257,211sqm

Base of building is 8,094sqm

Building houses 1,000 businesses.

It is 2ndlargest single office complex in America after the

Pentagon.

Its original 64 elevators are located in central core..

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Building has 113km of pipe,760,000m of electricalwire:29000faucets.

Building is heated by low pressure steam, despite its

height.

Building approximately weighs 340,000tons.

Exterior of building was built using indiana limestonepanels.

The modernistic stainless steel canopies of the

entrances on 33rdand 34thstreets lead to two storey highcorridors around the elevator care, crossed by stainlesssteel and glass enclosed bridges at the second floor

level.

Lobby is three stories high and features an aluminiumrelief of the skyscraper.

14ART DECO

North corridor contains eight illuminated panels,


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g p ,depicting the building as eighth wonder of the world,

alongside traditional seven.

15ART DECO


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PLAN

16ART DECO


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ISOMETRIC VIEW

SECTION

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ART DECO

Y


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ART DECO

Type: Office building(car manufacturer)

Construction started: 1928

Construction completed:1930

Architect-William van alen

Total height till antenna-319.9m

Roof-282.0m

Top floor-274.0m

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CHRYSLER BUILDING ,Manhattan(New York)


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ART DECO

Was the worlds tallest building for 11months before it was

surpassed by empire state building.

It was built at an average rate of 4 floors per wt.

Its original design resembled a jewel like glass crow.

It featured a base in which the showroom windows were

tripled in height and topped by 12 stories with glass-wrapped

corners, creating an impression that tower floating in mid-air.

Earlier building was designed to be 246m but it proved to be

too advanced and costly.

In total 400,000 rivets were used.

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Approx. 3,826,000 bricks were manually laid .

Building had non-load bearing walls.

38m long pier was secretly constructed inside the frame of

the building.

It was delivered to site in four different sections.

Bottom section of spire was hoisted onto top of buildingsdome and lowered into 66thfloor of the building.

Added height of spire allowed Chrysler building to be the

tallest building in the world after Eiffel tower.

1stman made structure to stand taller than 305m.

Worlds tallest steel-supported brick building.

Distinctive ornamentation of building is based on features

that were then being used on Chrysler automobiles.

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ART DECO

Corners of 61stfloor are graced with eagles ,replicas of

1929 Chrysler hood ornaments.

On 31stfloor, corner ornamentation are replicas of 1929

Chrysler radiator caps.

Building is constructed of masonry, with steel frame and

metal cladding.

Building contains 3,862 windows on its faade and 4

banks of 8 elevators designed by Otis.

It was declared a national historic landmark in 1976.

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Crown ornamentation and usage


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Crown ornamentation and usage

It has terraced crown,composed of seven radiating

terraced arches.Stainless-steel cladding is ribbed and riveted in a

radiating sunburst pattern with many triangular vaulted

windows.

Entire crown is clad with silvery enduro KA-2metal.71stfloor is the height occupied floor of this building

occupied by office space management form.

Above 71stfloor,stories of building are designed mostly

for exterior appearance,functioning mainly as landingsfor stairway to spire.

Top stories are very narrow with low sloped

ceiling,useful for only holding radio-broadcasting and

other electrical eqipments.Earlier these stories were used for commercial

broadcast stations.

V-shaped lighting is inserted in steel of building.

Later floodlights were added on most arms directed

back at buiding,which allows top of building to be lit in

many different colours for special occassions.

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ART DECO


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PLAN

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ART DECO


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ART DECO

Rockefeller Centre/ Plaza, New

York, U.S

Architect: Raymond HoodConstruction started: 1930Construction completed: 1933

It is a complex of 19 commercial buildings,covering 22 acres between 48thand 51stststreet.Built by Rockefeller family.Was declared a National Historic landmarkin 1981.

It was the largest private building projectever undertaken in modern times.This center is a combination of 2 building

complexes older and original 14 Art Decooffice building from 1930s.

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ART DECO

FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER ,BERLIN,

GERMANY)

ArchitectMiesConstruction started -1921

Was on triangular site.

It had wire panels shaped cantilever .

This took the structure with a glass skin ,thusrenouncing the maniposteria song built in , as

was customary in America skyscrapers .

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The angularity of floor of a building was atleast partly a result of the original form of thesite .

It seems as if the building is divided into slotgame because of its many reflection in brightvertical surface.

This opacity transparency gave desiredbalance.

At bottom of the original design , there aresmall drawings of f lowers.

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ART DECO

VILLA CAVROIS, CROIX FRANCE)

TypeMansionConstruction started -1929Construction finished -1932

ArchitectRobert Mallet Stevens

It was designed to offer best life style to thefamily daily work of house hold staff.

Its style was a total break from that of otherneighboring houses of same era .

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A Choice of material and furniture insideechoes the hierarchy of spaces .

Simplicity and functionality of furnitureprevail in all parts .

Marble and wood are used .

Each room has a radio loud speaker andelectric clock and bathrobe .

The house dining hall and children dininghall linked to pare by an external staircase.

Around the entry hall which welcomes the

visitors domain of parents isdeveloping in east wing and that of kids ,inwest wing.

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ART DECO


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PLAN

29ART DECO


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ART DECO

CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE/ UNION

TERMINAL, OHIO U.S)

TypeRailway Terminal

Constructed started -1931

ArchitectPaul Philippe Cret

Rotunda features largest semi dome inwestern hemisphere measuring 180ft

wide 106ft high.

Mortar and stone was used .

Construction finished ahead of schedule

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ART DECO


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ART DECO

ART DECO IN THEATRES

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ART DECO.

EROS CINEMA ,MUMBAI

Architect: Shorabji BhedwarConstruction started:1935Opened in:1938

Marked the beginning of Back Bayreclamation in early 1938.Took two and a half years to complete.

Partially faced with red Agra sandstone, thisbuilding is painted cream.Two wings of this building meet up in centralblock.

Foyer is in black and white marble withtouches of gold.Marble staircases with cromium handrailslead up to the upper f loor.

Murals are in muted colors depicting Indianarchitecture.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ErosTheater.jpg


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ART DECO


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ART DECO

RAJMANDIR,JAIPUR

Architect :W .M. NamjoshiOpened in:1976

Meringue shaped auditorium.

Capacity of 1200.

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36ART DECO


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37ART DECO


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ART DECO

ART DECO IN

AUTOMOBILES &

FURNITURE-

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AUTOMOBILES-


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ART DECO

Streamline moderne style developed which was

influenced by modern aerodynamic designs.

Aerodynamic principles were adopted for ArtDeco applying streamline techniques to cars .

Streamlining influenced American &Europeanautomobile design and changed appearance fromrectangular:horseless carriages into sleek

vehicles with sweeping lines ,symmetry-shapeswhich added to speed and efficiency.

Vehicles had Art Deco :speed-lines for chrome

grilles.

These streamlined forms began to be used fordesign of mundane and static objects such as

pencil sharpeners ,refrigerators, gas pumps,furniture, lamps, jewellery ,watches, etc.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nash_Ambassador_Slipstream_4-door_sedan.jpg


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ART DECO

FURNITURES-

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1934ChryslerAirflow.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nash_Ambassador_Slipstream_4-door_sedan.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Old_timer_structural_worker2.jpg


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ART DECO.

DECLINE & RESURGENCE-

oArt Deco slowly lost patronage in the Westafter becoming mass-produced, when it

began to be derided as gaudy& presenting afalse image of luxury.

oThis designs style ended by austerities of

World War II.

oBefore destruction during World War II

,Manila possessed many Art Deco buildings,a legacy of American colonial past.

oA resurgence of interest in Art Deco beganduring 1960s and then again during 1980swith increasing interest in graphic design.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Old_timer_structural_worker2.jpg


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ART DECO

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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A World Of History Architecture-Marian Moffet

www.google.com


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ART DECO

THANK YOU

art deco period in history

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