associated bodywork & massage professionals skeletal system anatomy and physiology flash cards

Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Skeletal System Anatomy and Physiology Flash Cards


Directions

• The first slide asks a question.

• The second slide answers the question.

• Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge.


Question

Name the five functions of the skeletal system.


Answer

1. Support

2. Protection

3. Movement

4. Storage

5. Hematopoiesis


Question

Describe and define hematopoiesis.


Answer

Hematopoiesis means blood cell formation.


Question

Name the five shapes of bones


Answer

LongShortFlatIrregularSesamoid


Question

Give two examples of long bones.


Answer

1. Humerus

2. Femur


Question

Give two examples of irregular bones.


Answer

1. Facial bones

2. Vertebrae


Question

Give two examples of short bones.


Answer

1. Carpals

2. Tarsals


Question

Name a sesamoid bone.


Answer

The patella


Question

The long bone is longer than it is wide. The shaft is known as the diaphysis. The shaft endings are known as ______.


Answer

The epiphyses.


Question

What is inside the medullary cavity of the

diaphysis?


Answer

Yellow bone marrow, an inactive fatty form of marrow found in the adult skeleton.


Question

What is the periosteum?


Answer

The covering of a long bone. The periosteum does not cover the ends of the long bone, which articulate with other bones to form joints.


Question

What is the name of the covering that acts

as a cushion on each epiphysis?


Answer

Articular (or hyaline) cartilage


Question

The flat plate of hyaline cartilage that is the site for bone growth and that is located between the epiphysis and diaphysis is ______.


Answer

The epiphyseal plate


Question

The epiphyseal plate is replaced by the ______ when growth is complete.


Answer

Epiphyseal line


Question

Where does the red bone marrow fill the small spaces of spongy bone?


Answer

The ends of long bones in the epiphyses.


Question

The two major types of connective tissue in the skeletal system are ______.


Answer

Bone and cartilage


Question

The needle-like threads and bony projections that construct spongy bone are called ______.


Answer

Trabeculae


Question

Compact bone is organized into many structural units called ______.


Answer

Osteons (Haversian system)


Question

Each osteon is made of a calcified matrix of layered rings. The rings are known as ______.


Answer

Lamella


Question

What is contained in each central canal?


Answer

A blood vessel


Question

What is a mature bone cell named and where does it lie?


Answer

1. Osteocyte

2. Lacunae


Question

What is cartilage?


Answer

An avascular, tough, fibrous connective tissue.


Question

What is endochondral ossification?


Answer

The process of bones forming from cartilage models.


Define osteoblasts.

Question


Answer

Bone forming cells found on the periosteum.


Question

Name the two divisions of the human skeleton.


Answer

Axial and appendicular


Question

How many bones are in the human body?


Answer

206


Question

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?


Answer

126


Question

Bones are marked with bumps, holes, and depressions where muscles, tendons, and ligaments attach and where nerves and blood vessels pass. These exterior marks are called ______.


Answer

Bony landmarks


Question

A general term for a prominence is ______.


Answer

Process


Question

A sharp bony projection is called ______.


Answer

Styloid


Question

A projection over a condyle is called ______.


Answer

Epicondyle


Question

A small, smooth, shallow depression that articulates with another bone is called a ______.


Answer

Facet


Question

Shallow depression in a bone are ______.


Answer

Fossa


Question

What is an articulation?


Answer

An articulation is the meeting point of two bones, or a joint. Every bone in the body forms a joint (or articulation), except for the hyoid bone.


Question

What two purposes do joints serve?


Answer

1. They hold our bones together.

2. They allow movement in an otherwise rigid skeleton—making it flexible and able to change position with an outside force or when acted upon by muscles.


Question

Joints or articulations are classified by their degree of movement. What are the three classifications of joints?


Answer

1. Synarthroses

2. Amphiarthroses

3. Diarthroses


Question

Define and give an example of a synarthrosis joint.


Answer

1. No movement in this joint.

2. Sutures in the skull.


Question

Define and give an example of an amphiarthrotic joint.


Answer

1. Slightly moveable joints.

2. Sternoclavicular, symphysis pubis, and intervertebral joints.


Question

What is another name for a diarthrotic joint?


Answer

Synovial joint


Question

A synovial (or diarthrotic) joint is a freely moveable joint allowing movement in one, two, or three dimensions. Name the structures of these joints.


Answer

1. Joint capsule2. Joint cavity3. Articular cartilage4. Synovial membrane5. Synovial fluid6. Ligaments7. Bursae


Question

Name the types of diarthrotic joints.


Answer

1. Ball and socket

2. Hinge

3. Pivot

4. Saddle

5. Gliding

6. Condyloid


Question

Although the sternum accounts for one bone in the axial skeleton, it was once three bones now fused together. Please name the three parts of the sternum.


Answer

1. Manubrium

2. Body

3. Xiphoid process


Question

Please name the five regions of the vertebral column and list the number of bones in each region.


Answer

1. Cervical vertebrae—seven bones

2. Thoracic vertebrae—twelve bones

3. Lumbar vertebrae—five bones

4. Sacrum—one or five fused bones

5. Coccyx—four fused vertebrae


Question

Another name for the shoulder joint is ______.


Answer

Glenohumeral joint


Question

What is another name for the wrist joint?


Answer

Radioulnar joint


Question

Name the two bones of the leg.


Answer

1. Tibia

2. Fibula


Question

How many ribs, including false or floating ribs, reside in the human body?


Answer

There are a total of 12 pair of ribs in the human body.

True ribs—pairs 1-7

False ribs—pairs 8-10

Floating ribs—pairs 11, 12

associated bodywork & massage professionals skeletal system anatomy and physiology flash cards

Documents

hematopoiesis slide

patella slide

femur slide

slide answers

shapes of bones slide

epiphyseal plate slide

epiphyseal line slide

hyaline cartilage slide