Atomic Magnetic Moment

Hamdard University Bangladesh

IntroductionMany electrical engineering device such as inductors, transformer, rotating machines and ferrite antennas are based on utilizing the magnetic properties of materials. There are many instances where permanent magnets are also used. Magnetic properties of materials involve concepts based on the magnetic dipole moment.

Magnetic Dipole Moment

If the circulating current is I and area enclosed by the current is A then the magnetic moment is defined by,

Definition of a magnetic dipole moment.

Atomic Magnetic Moment

Atomic magnetic moment can be classified into two types:

o orbital magnetic moment.o spin magnetic moment.

An orbital magnetic moment due to orbital angular momentum.

A spin magnetic moment due to electron spin.

Orbital magnetic moment ()

An orbiting electron is equivalent to a magnetic dipole moment ()

Spin magnetic moment ()

The spin magnetic moment precesses

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