autistic spectrum disorder (d

8/13/2019 Autistic Spectrum Disorder (D

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Objective

This presentation will to examine thegroup of developmental disorders known

collectively as Autistic Spectrum Disorder(DSM-V).


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Whats their commonality?

Albert Einstein Amadeus Mozart Charles Darwin

Daryl Hannah Bill Gates Thomas Jefferson


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The spectrum of Autism*many of these diagnoses are retrospective due to the evolving understanding of thisdisorder

Tactilesensitivity,

Social difficulty

Repeated, constanthand & facial motions

Subject fixation, social difficulty

Difficultyunderstanding socialinteractions

Repetitive behavior(rocking),socialdifficulty, single-minded pursuits

Subject fixation, socialdifficulty


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What IS Autistic SpectrumDisorder?

According to the American PsychiatricAssociation, Autism Spectrum Disorder is agroup of developmental brain disordersthatreaches across a wide range of symptoms aswell as level of impairment.

People with ASD tend to have deficits inthree main areas: social communication,

social interaction, and restricted or repetitivepatterns of behavior.

These symptoms and the impact upon thepersons life can range from mild to severe.


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And the (DSM-V)?

The letters DSM-Vstands for the Diagnosticand Statistical Manual-Fifth Edition (DSM-V).Published in 2013 by the AmericanPsychiatric Association.

Its the primary manual used by clinicians toprovide a formal diagnosis of autism andrelated disorders.

DSM-V incorporates some changes to theprior definition of Autistic Spectrum Disorderthat was published in DSM-IV, such asremoving the requirement for language delayas a requirement for diagnosis.


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ASD has three subcategories: autistic disorder

Aspergers Syndrome

Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PPD)

Each of these are differentiated by whichcombination of the three deficit areas arepresent.


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The components of ASD (DSM-V)

This graphic demonstrates how the spectrum of ASD has 3 main components. Where the

patients symptoms are located in this graphic indicates the specific type of autism. Forexample, patients with Asperger disorder present symptoms of social impairment andrepetitive behaviors, but few communication deficits.


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Severity is key to the diagnosis

Many people have one or more of theidentified traits, however they are not

considered on the spectrum unless theseverity of the traits causes a severeimpact upon their lifestyle.

The impact is not always only negative;many people who are considered geniuslive productive lives with ASD.


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ASD is observable early in life

According to the Kennedy KreigerInstitute, the scientific literature indicates

that the average age of ASD diagnosis is4 years, despite the fact that about half ofchildren with this neurodevelopmentaldisorder may be detected by age 14months.

Early intervention is key to reducing theeffects of the syndrome.


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What causes Autism SpectrumDisorder?

While there is no known single cause forautism, researchers have noted that children

with ASD have abnormal brain structures. The cause for these abnormalities is

unknown. Patterns of ASD in families suggesta genetic component, but no specific link has

been discovered. One popular theory is the possibility that

those affected have a genetic susceptibility toenvironmental toxins.


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Teaching Strategies for Studentswith ASD

Understand that behavior communicates intent or distress. Makeenvironmental changes and implement behavioral interventions tomaximize learning for all students.

Use visuals to convey instructions, meanings, routines andschedules.

Minimize transitions, offer opportunities for practice, and a

consistent daily routine. Avoid surprises, and prepare in advancefor special activities.

Be aware of sensory needs when developing classroom activities.Do not request information when the students are upset, andallow space for coping.


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Community Resources for moreinformation about ASD

Autism Speaks www.autismspeaks.org

the world's leading autism science and advocacy organization, dedicated to fundingresearch into the causes, prevention, treatments and a cure for autism; increasingawareness of autism spectrum disorders; and advocating for the needs of individuals

with autism and their families. Autism Society www.autism-society.org

The nations leading grassroots autism organization, Autism Society exists to improvethe lives of all affected by autism. Through its strong national network of affiliates, theAutism Society has spearheaded numerous pieces of state and local legislation,including the 2006 Combating Autism Act, the first federal autism-specific law.

Autism Initiatives at Kennedy Krieger Institute

http://autism.kennedykrieger.orgAt Kennedy Krieger, our doctors, researchers, educators, and therapists are workingtogether to tackle the complex challenges surrounding autism spectrum disorders(ASD). The Institute's participation in the Autism Treatment Networkis helping to driveforward the understanding and treatment of these puzzling disorders, and our creationof the Interactive Autism Networkis accelerating the pace of autism research nation-wide
http://c/Users/Buddy/Documents/Amber's%20Schoolwork/www.autismspeaks.orghttp://c/Users/Buddy/Documents/Amber's%20Schoolwork/www.autism-society.orghttp://autism.kennedykrieger.org/http://www.autismspeaks.org/science/resources-programs/autism-treatment-networkhttp://www.ianproject.org/http://www.ianproject.org/http://www.autismspeaks.org/science/resources-programs/autism-treatment-networkhttp://autism.kennedykrieger.org/http://c/Users/Buddy/Documents/Amber's%20Schoolwork/www.autism-society.orghttp://c/Users/Buddy/Documents/Amber's%20Schoolwork/www.autism-society.orghttp://c/Users/Buddy/Documents/Amber's%20Schoolwork/www.autism-society.orghttp://c/Users/Buddy/Documents/Amber's%20Schoolwork/www.autismspeaks.org


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Assessment

Autism cannot beidentified until a childis three years old.

True or False?

False!

Some children can bediagnosed as early as

14 months. Theaverage age is 4

years old.


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The 3 maincomponents of ASDare communicationdeficits, socialimpairments andrepetitivebehaviors/restrictedinterests.True or False?

True! Although aperson need nothave

all three of these inorder to be diagnosedwith ASD


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There is no knownsingle cause forautism

True or False?

True. Scientistsbelieve there is agenetic component,but cannot rule out

environmentalfactors.


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References

American Psychiatric Association (2013). Autismspectrum disorder. DSM-5 Autism Spectrum DisorderFact

Sheet, Retrieved fromhttp://www.autism.com/index.php/news_dsmV

Anne Arundel County Public Schools, Division ofSpecial Education. (n.d.).An overview of autisticspectrum disorder.Retrieved from website:http://www.aacps.org/specialed/autism.pdf

DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. (n.d.). Retrieved fromhttp://www.autismspeaks.org/what-

autism/diagnosis/dsm-5-diagnostic-criteria
http://www.aacps.org/specialed/autism.pdfhttp://www.aacps.org/specialed/autism.pdfhttp://www.aacps.org/specialed/autism.pdfhttp://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis/dsm-http://www.aacps.org/specialed/autism.pdfhttp://www.aacps.org/specialed/autism.pdf