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Cover Photo: As I was born and raised near Los Angeles, I am a third-generation, lifelong L.A. Rams fan… hence this issue’s cover photo. The Rams will play in Super Bowl 53 on Sunday – and I am

hoping for a positive result!

Kuwait Airways (KACF) adjusted its daily Kuwait City (KWI) to New York Kennedy (JFK) route on January 11, with the previous stop in Shannon,

Ireland (SNN) being dropped and the flight operating on a non-stop basis. 1

Seaborne Airlines (S9BA) will begin daily service from San Juan (SJU) to Santiago, Dominican Republic (STI) on February 15. This route, previously

served until November 2014, will be flown by Saab 340 equipment. 2

Canada’s Swoop (5OOF) will add 3x weekly service from Edmonton (YEG) to Oakland (OAK) on May 26, as well as

weekly service to Orlando (MCO) from June 1. Both routes will be flown by Boeing 737-800 equipment. 3

WestJet (WJ0F) will add 3x weekly service from Calgary (YYC) to Austin (AUS) on May 2. This route will be operated by

Boeing 737 equipment.

WestJet Encore (5WJF) will begin daily service from Calgary to Portland, Oregon (PDX) on April 29.

This route will be operated by Dash 8 Q400 equipment. 4

Ethiopian Airlines (ETIF) will begin service from Addis Ababa (ADD) to Houston Intercontinental (IAH), via Lome, Togo (LFW), in

mid-February. 5 This route will be operated by Boeing 787 equipment; with the addition, Houston will have flights to all six inhabited continents. There are no plans for any carrier to begin service to Antarctica at this time.

American Airlines (AALA) will begin Saturday seasonal service from Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) to St. Kitts (SKB) on May 25. This

route, to be operated by 128-seat Airbus A319 equipment, will run through August 17. Protecting a fortress hub? Sun Country (SCNA) announced the same route a few weeks ago. 6

Avianca (ANCF) will end daily service from Sao Paulo (GRU) to Miami (MIA) and New York Kennedy on March 31, 2019. Both

of these routes have been operated by Airbus A330-200 equipment. 7

Delta Air Lines (DALA) will end daily service from Honolulu (HNL) to Fukuoka, Japan (FUK) on May 8. This route has been operated by

Boeing 767-300/ER equipment. 8

Southwest Airlines (SWAA) will end all flights to/from Mexico City (MEX) by March 30, 2019.

Air Canada (ARNF) will end service from Toronto Pearson (YYZ) to San Antonio (SAT) in May. This route lasted just one year in service.

Ethiopian Airlines will end 3x weekly service to Los Angeles (LAX) from Addis Ababa, via Lome on February 15. This route has been operated by Boeing 787 equipment. 9

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Air Italy (EY0F) has canceled its planned service from Milan (MXP) to Chicago O’Hare (ORD), set to begin on May 14. This

route was to have been operated by Airbus A330-200 equipment. 10

TSA found 78 guns in carry-on bags for the week ending December 16.11 Unfortunately, no further data has been released since that date due, in part, to the

recent government shutdown. For 2018, TSA has found 4,186 guns in carry-on bags. Click here to see how many guns have been found at each airport so far this year.

The American Airlines Group reported an after tax net profit of $1.4 billion in 2018. For the year, American paid $8.053 billion in aircraft fuel and taxes, $12.251 billion in salaries and benefits, and $1.264 billion in aircraft leases. 148.228 million mainline passengers flew on 1.098 million flights, which had an average stage length of 1,236 miles. Mainline system-wide load factor for 2018 was 82.7 percent. Another 55.517 million passengers flew on American Eagle branded regional jet flights. Regional system-wide load factor for 2018 was 76.8 percent. 12

Delta Air Lines will now begin revenue service with the new Airbus A220 on February 7, rather than January 31. The delay is a result of the recent government shutdown; Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) personnel who could have certified the aircraft were furloughed. 13

A January 27 Delta flight from Amsterdam (AMS) to New York Kennedy (JFK) was canceled after the first officer was found to be drunk. The pilot had three times the legal limit of alcohol in his system. 14

Alaska Airlines (ASAA) has delayed the launch of commercial service at Paine Field, Washington (PAE) due to

the partial shutdown of the U.S. government. Service that was originally set to being on February 11 has been pushed to March 4; FAA employees needed to get the airport’s passenger service up and running have been furloughed. 15

British Airways (BRAF) will paint G-BYGC, a Boeing 747-436, in a retro BOAC livery in honor of the airline’s 100th anniversary. BOAC was the

predecessor to British Airways. G-BYGC will remain in this livery until the aircraft is retired in 2023. 16 Further 747 retrojets are set to follow as well, including the famed Landor (G-CIVB) and Negus (G-BNLY) liveries (the true avgeeks reading will understand these references). G-EUPJ, an Airbus A319, will be painted in a British European Airways livery as well.

British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) Boeing 747-136.

United Airlines (CALA) is now offering the ability to watch 100 channels on Directv for free on all 211 mainline aircraft that have it

installed. Previously Directv has been available for an additional fee. 17

United Airlines accepted delivery of another new Boeing 737 MAX aircraft on January 31. This delivery marks the 1,600th brand new Boeing aircraft that United has taken since the first 707 in 1959.

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Abbotsford (YXX) 842,212

Acapulco (ACA) 739,120 18

Antalya, Turkey (AYT) 31.6 million 19

Athens (ATH) 24.14 million 20

Barcelona (BCN) 50.1 million 21

Bozeman (BZN) 1.3 million 22

Brussels (BRU) 25.7 million 23

Bucharest (OTP) 13.82 million 24

Cancun (CUN) 25,202,016 25

Cardiff (CWL) 1.58 million 26

Culiacan (CUL) 1,364,028

Charlottetown (YYG) 370,730

Chihuahua (CUU) 1,556,770

Cozumel (CZM) 579,719

Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) 69,112,607 27

Des Moines (DSM) 2,773,207 28

Doha (DOH) 34.5 million 29

Dubai (DXB) 89.1 million 30

Dublin (DUB) 31.5 million 31

Durango (DGO) 418,914

Edmonton (YEG) 8,254,121

Fortaleza (FOR) 6,614,227

Frankfurt (FRA) 69,514,414 32

Green Bay (GRB) 650,000 33

Hamilton (YHM) 725,630 34

Hong Kong (HKG) 74.7 million 35

Huatulco (HUX) 819,305

Istanbul Ataturk (IST) 68 million

Jeddah (JED) 41.2 million 36

Kamloops (YKA) 351,631 37

Kelowna (YLW) 2.08 million 38

Kiev (IEV) 12.6 million 39

Lima (LIM) 22,118,454 40

Little Rock (LIT) 2.1 million 41

London, Ontario (YXU) 536,000 42

London City (LCY) 4.87 million 43

London Gatwick (LGW) 46 million

44 London Heathrow (LHR) 80 million

London Luton (LTN) 16.6 million London Stansted (STN) 28 million

ALL LONDON AIRPORTS 175.47 million

Long Beach (LGB) 3.9 million 45

Los Angeles (LAX) 87,534,384 Madrid (MAD) 57.9 million

Mazatlan (MZT) 1,038,555

Merida (MID) 2,451,616

Milwaukee (MKE) 7,097,627 46

Moncton (YQM) 681,437

Monterrey (MTY) 10,733,186

Montreal Trudeau (YUL) 19,425,488 47

Munich (MUC) 46.3 million 48

New Orleans (MSY) 13 million 49

Oaxaca (OAX) 951,037

Oklahoma City (OKC) 2.17 million 50

Ontario (ONT) 5,115,894 51

Ottawa (YOW) 5,110,801

Palm Springs (PSP) 2,327,018 52

Paris de Gaulle (CDG) 72.2 million 53

Paris Orly (ORY) 33.1 million Phoenix (PHX) 44,943,686 54

Pittsburgh (PIT) 9,658,897 55

Porto Alegre (POA) 8,301,172

Raleigh (RDU) 12.8 million 56

Richmond (RIC) 4,077,763 57

Roanoke, Virginia (ROA) 660,836 58

Saint John (YSJ) 282,217 59

San Antonio (SAT) 10 million 60

San Juan (SJU) 8,373,679

San Luis Potosi (SLP) 626,512

Saskatoon (YXE) 1,519,980 61

Singapore (SIN) 65.6 million 62

Sonoma County (STS) 440,644 63

Spokane (GEG) 1,998,949 64

St. Louis (STL) 15,632,586 65

St. Petersburg (PIE) 2,237,440 66

Tampico (TAM) 736,627

Thunder Bay YQT) 869,404 67

Torreon (TRC) 681,551

Veracruz (VER) 1,488,569

Victoria (YYJ) 2.05 million

Villahermosa (VSA) 1,227,648

Zacatecas (ZCL) 366,871

Zihuatanejo (ZIH) 566,497

American Airlines has taken delivery today of its first Airbus A321neo frame. N400AN is an A321-253N aircraft.

American opened a new maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) hangar at Chicago O’Hare last month. The nearly 18,000 squre foot, $215 million facility is the first new MRO hangar at O’Hare in 30 years. 68

N400AN. Photo by XFW Spotter Blog.

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Air Baltic carried 4,135,711 passengers in 2018, a 17 percent year-on-year increase. The carrier operated 56,261

flights last year.

1,360 solar panels placed on the tops of parking space overhangs have generated an annual savings of $800,000 for Tucson (TUS) in the first year since they were installed. The solar panels generated 16.3 kilowatt hours of power last year. 69

Southwest Airlines paid the federal government $3,150 to cover the costs of an FAA safety inspector to come to work

during the recent government shutdown. The move allowed the FAA to sign off on paperwork to allow Southwest to put three new aircraft into revenue service. FAA inspectors (but not TSA inspectors) were furloughed during the shutdown; American, Delta, and Silver Airways (29GA) all had new jets that could not be placed into service due to a lack of FAA personnel to sign the standard paperwork. 70

Southwest will retire approximately 20 older Boeing 737-700 aircraft in 2019. The move comes as the carrier begins to take on new 737 MAX 7 aircraft. Southwest currently operates 513 737-700s. 71 Separately, Southwest has agreed to lease 12 737 MAX 8 aircraft from Irish lessor SMBC Aviation Capital, with the first delivery set for this July. 72

SMBC Aviation Capital has ordered 50 Airbus A320neo and 15 A321neo frames, in a deal worth $7.47 billion at list prices. 73

The FAA is poised to grant a Category 1 safety rating to Vietnam soon, which will pave the way for Vietnamese airlines to fly to the U.S. 74

Over 1,600 combined flights were canceled at Chicago O’Hare and Midway (MDW) on January 30 due to extreme cold; temperatures dropped to -22° F with wind chills dropping to nearly -50° F . 75 For comparison, the high at McMurdo Station, Antarctica was -15° F, although it is summer there.

SkyWest (SWIA) has ordered nine more Embraer E175 aircraft in a deal worth $422 million at list prices. The frames, to be delivered this year and next, will be operated under the Delta Connection banner. 76

A United Airlines flight from Newark, New Jersey (EWR) to Hong Kong (HKG) diverted to Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador (YYR) due to a sick passenger. Upon arrival, the aircraft then had a mechanical issue which prevented its departure. Due to the lack of Canadian customs officials at Goose Bay, all 250 passengers had to remain on the aircraft for 16 hours overnight, while the outside temperature fell to -22° F. 77

Frankfurt (FRA) handled 2,176,387 million tons of cargo in 2018. Elsewhere, 285,637 tons of cargo moved through Lima (LIM) last year, and 5.1 million tons

through Hong Kong. Los Angeles handled 2,446,137 tons of cargo in 2018. 78 Annual cargo volumes at Amsterdam Schipol (AMS) declined 2.5 percent in 2018 to 1.7 million tons. 79

American Airlines Cargo saw a record year in 2018, with over two billion pounds of cargo and mail moved and over $1 billion in revenue. 80 As American has no dedicated freighters, all of this cargo is flown in the belly of passenger flights.

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Lufthansa Cargo (LU7F) will retire two McDonnell Douglas MD-11/F aircraft from its fleet this year, with the two being made

available for purchase to other cargo operators. Lufthansa Cargo is taking two new Boeing 777/F aircraft this year which will replace the capacity. The fleet currently stands at 12 MD-11/Fs and five 777/Fs. 81

You’ve probably heard this term used in the past to describe aircraft

purchases and leases. A sale/leaseback is when an airline purchases a brand new aircraft and then sells it to a lessor, who immediately leases it back to the airline. What’s the point of this? Airlines, particularly larger carriers, often place big orders and can negotiate large discounts when purchasing aircraft. In fact, they are often able to secure bigger discounts than a lessor may. So, the airline will purchase the aircraft, then sell it to the lessor, who still is able to acquire the aircraft at a cheaper price than they would have been able to purchase it for. The lessor then turn arounds and leases the aircraft back to the original airline. The airline has now made money by selling the aircraft and the lessor has saved money by buying it at a lower rate. As for the lease, leasing aircraft often provides better implications for the financial bottom line in many cases, including tax benefits, for the airline. The lessor then has the advantage of leasing the asset (the aircraft) to an airline that, typically, is a decent bet to pay their monthly leases on time. Large, consistently profitable carriers such as Southwest or Ryanair can command very favorable leasing terms.

CS-TQD, an Airbus A320-214 with TAP Air Portugal (TAPF), was withdrawn from use (wfu) and ferried on January 19 to

Glamorgan, Wales (DGX) for part-out and scrap.

N948DL, a McDonnell Douglas MD-88 with Delta Air Lines, was wfu and ferried on January 19 to San

Bernardino, California (SBD) for part-out and scrap.

N905DL, a McDonnell Douglas MD-88 with Delta, was wfu and ferried on January 28 to San Bernardino for part-out and scrap. This frame had 82,141 hours and 62,29 cycles as of November 10, 2018.

N389AA, a Boeing 767-323/ER with American Airlines (AALA), was wfu and ferried on January 20 to Roswell, New Mexico (ROW) for storage.

N389AA at Dallas/Fort Worth, November 2013.

7T-VJI and 7T-VJH, both Boeing 767-3D6s with Air Algerie, were wfu and ferried last week to Brooksville, Florida (BKV) for

part-out and scrap. With this, Air Algerie has retired the 767 from revenue service with the carrier.

TF-ISZ, a Boeing 757-223 with Icleandair (ILRF) was wfu and ferried on January 30 to Kemble, England (GBA) for possible part-

out and scrap. This aircraft began its career as N642AA with American Airlines in April 1991; it joined Icelandair in June 2015.

N389FE, a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10/F with Federal Express (FDEA), was wfu and ferried on January 29 to Victorville,

California (VCV) for storage. This frame had 86,468 hours and 37,292 cycles as of January 2.

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The Aviation Update is compiled by Greg Gayden from open source material gathered across the internet, and features news regarding international operations

to/from the United States and the commercial aviation industry in general. To subscribe, simply send a request. The Update is published multiple times each month as news warrants. Back issues are available here. Unless otherwise noted, IATA codes used for airports & FAA designator codes for airlines.

The Third Edition of Commercial Aviation 101, a 245-page book which explores current security programs and the basics of the aviation industry, is now available on Apple iBooks, Amazon and available in PDF format. Paperback copies can be ordered here.

1 https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282556/kuwait-airways-1q19-new-york-service-changes/ 2 https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282478/seaborne-resumes-dominican-republic-service-from-feb-2019/ 3 https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282577/swoop-adds-new-markets-in-s19/ 4 https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282646/westjet-schedules-new-us-routes-in-2q19/ 5 https://www.travelweekly.com/Travel-News/Airline-News/Ethiopian-Airlines-dropping-LA-for-Houston 6 https://www.dallasnews.com/business/american-airlines/2019/01/23/american-airlines-adds-another-caribbean-destination-dfw-just-time-summer 7 https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282521/avianca-brasil-ends-us-and-chile-service-in-late-march-2019/ 8 https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282491/delta-cancels-honolulu-fukuoka-service-from-may-2019/ 9 https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282664/ethiopian-airlines-ends-los-angeles-service-in-mid-feb-2019/ 10 https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282744/air-italy-closes-chicago-reservations-in-s19/ 11 https://www.tsa.gov/sites/default/files/documents/firearmstatschartdecember10-16.pdf 12 http://news.aa.com/news/news-details/2019/American-Airlines-Group-Reports-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-2018-Profit/default.aspx 13 https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/74919-delta-pushes-back-a220-debut-to-mid-1q19-due-to-shutdown 14 https://nltimes.nl/2019/01/28/flight-schiphol-canceled-drunk-co-pilot 15 https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/alaska-delays-paine-field-launch-due-to-government-s-455193/ 16 https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-ba-reveals-boac-747-400-retrojet-more-t-455159/ 17 https://hub.united.com/message-to-our-customers-2019--2627440539.html 18 http://ir.oma.aero/static-files/aa3d76c0-e7f7-48a9-a261-27eed8bd79e4 19 http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/air-passenger-traffic-in-turkish-airports-rose-8-8-percent-in-2018-140322 20 https://news.gtp.gr/2019/01/08/athens-airport-traffic-breaks-record-over-24-million-passengers-2018/ 21 https://www.moodiedavittreport.com/passenger-traffic-at-spains-airports-reaches-new-heights-in-2018/ 22 https://kbzk.com/news/local-news/2019/01/11/bozeman-yellowstone-international-airport-shatters-passenger-records-for-2018/ 23 http://www.wingsherald.com/passenger-traffic-at-brussels-airport-in-2018-increased-to-a-record-25-7-million-people/ 24 https://www.romania-insider.com/traffic-bucharest-airport-2018/ 25 http://www.asur.com.mx/en/investor-relations/passenger-traffic.html?pasajeros_pasajero=0&pasajeros_mes=1&pasajeros_mesFinal=12&precios_compararAnno=2018&action=consulta_mensual 26 https://www.walesonline.co.uk/business/business-news/cardiff-airport-2018-numbers-passengers-15619864 27 http://dfwtower.com/loads/DFW/DFW122018.pdf 28 https://whotv.com/2019/01/12/des-moines-international-airport-has-record-number-of-passengers-in-2018/ 29 https://www.gulf-times.com/story/620004/Hamad-International-Airport-serves-34-5mn-passengers-in-2018 30 https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/28/dubai-airport-handles-89-million-passengers-in-2018-misses-target.html 31 https://www.airport-technology.com/news/dublin-airport-passengers-2018/ 32 https://www.moodiedavittreport.com/frankfurt-airport-posts-new-high-for-passenger-traffic-in-2018/ 33 https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/passenger-counts-up-in-2018-at-green-bay-austin-straubel-international-airport/1698316716 34 https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/hamilton/hamilton-airport-getting-closer-to-long-promised-goal-of-1m-passengers-1.4988026 35 https://www.internationalairportreview.com/news/79884/hong-kong-achieves-record-breaking-passengers-numbers-in-2018/

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36 https://www.aviationpros.com/news/12441096/record-41-million-passengers-visit-jeddah-airport-in-2018 37 https://www.cfjctoday.com/article/651277/2018-best-year-record-kamloops-airport-traffic 38 https://www.timescolonist.com/business/on-the-street-kelowna-overtakes-victoria-as-10th-busiest-airport-in-canada-1.23599614 39 https://www.unian.info/kiev/10398246-kyiv-s-boryspil-airport-boosts-passenger-traffic-by-19-5-in-2018-to-12-6-mln-people.html 40 https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/fraport-traffic-figures--full-year-2018-frankfurt-airport-welcomes-more-than-69-5-million-passengers-300777170.html 41 https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2019/jan/18/news-in-brief-20190118/?latest 42 https://lfpress.com/news/local-news/london-lands-direct-service-to-three-cities-in-one-fell-swoop 43 https://www.internationalairportreview.com/news/79621/passenger-number-6-4-per-cent/ 44 https://airlinegeeks.com/2019/01/14/four-london-airports-recorded-a-passenger-growth/ 45 http://labusinessjournal.com/news/2019/jan/28/passenger-traffic-la-area-airports-2018/ 46 https://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/news/2019/01/29/mitchell-airport-breaks-7-million-passengers-a.html 47 https://www.admtl.com/sites/default/files/2018/ADM_Statsdet_2018_EN.pdf 48 https://www.ajot.com/news/munich-airport-maintains-dynamic-traffic-growth-in-2018 49 https://neworleanscitybusiness.com/blog/2019/01/18/new-orleans-airport-reports-9-pct-increase-in-2018/ 50 https://www.swtimes.com/news/20190121/okc-airport-sees-record-year-for-passenger-traffic 5151 https://www.eturbonews.com/243091/ontario-international-airport-over-5-1-million-airline-passengers-in-2018 52 https://www.desertsun.com/story/money/business/tourism/2019/01/17/palm-springs-airport-has-record-breaking-2018-serving-over-2-3-million/2606313002/ 53 https://www.moodiedavittreport.com/paris-airports-post-solid-rise-in-passenger-traffic-in-2018/ 54 https://www.skyharbor.com/docs/default-source/pdfs/statisticsreports/phx-statistics-2018/phx_airportstats_2018_12.pdf?sfvrsn=180c9588_5 55 https://www.aviationpros.com/press_release/12440787/passenger-traffic-up-nearly-4-percent-at-pittsburgh-international-airport-in-december-75-percent-in-2018 56 https://www.wral.com/rdu-passenger-traffic-hits-new-heights-in-2018/18131109/ 57 https://www.richmond.com/business/local/passenger-traffic-at-richmond-international-airport-hits-all-time-annual/article_3a8af8e3-9187-5195-9ff5-fa5853916ecb.html 58 https://www.flyroa.com/sites/default/files/December%202018%20Public%20Air%20Traffic%20Report%20v3.pdf 59 https://huddle.today/n-b-airports-beat-passenger-records-in-2018/ 60 https://www.expressnews.com/business/local/article/San-Antonio-airport-saw-record-passenger-traffic-13544315.php 61 https://www.aviationpros.com/airports/press-release/21045112/saskatoon-airport-authority-2018-results-in-record-passenger-traffic-at-skyxe 62 https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/transport/changi-airport-passenger-traffic-in-2018-up-55-to-656m 63 https://www.northbaybusinessjournal.com/northbay/sonomacounty/9157929-181/sonoma-county-airport-2018 64 https://www.cdapress.com/business/20190122/spokane_airport_passenger_traffic_set_new_record_in_2018 65 https://www.aviationpros.com/airports/press-release/21045121/st-louis-lambert-international-airport-stl-stl-growth-holds-strong-to-surpass-156-million-passengers-in-2018 66 https://www.tampabay.com/business/st-pete-clearwater-international-airport-sets-fourth-consecutive-record-with-22-million-passengers-in-2018-20190116/ 67 https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/thunder-bay/thunder-bay-airport-2018-1.4985838 68 https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/75059-american-airlines-opens-mro-hangar-at-chicago-ohare 69 https://www.kgun9.com/news/local-news/impact-of-tucson-international-airports-solar-panels-one-year-update 70 https://www.marketwatch.com/story/southwest-paid-for-faa-inspector-during-shutdown-2019-01-29?siteid=bigcharts&dist=bigcharts 71 https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/75057-southwest-airlines-to-retire-20-737-700s-in-2019 72 https://www.smbc.aero/news/smbc-aviation-capital-concludes-significant-boeing-737-max-lease-deal-southwest-airlines 73 https://airlinegeeks.com/2019/01/22/airbus-starts-off-2019-strong/ 74 https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-vietnam-aviation/u-s-regulator-to-free-up-flights-by-vietnam-airlines-sources-idUSKCN1PP0EJ 75 https://www.aviationpros.com/airports/news/21045217/il-more-than-1600-flights-canceled-at-chicago-airports-as-dangerous-cold-continues 76 https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/skywest-orders-nine-e175s-for-service-with-delta-455453/ 77 https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/21/united-airlines-plane-stranded-250-passengers-in-frigid-labrador.html 78 https://www.lawa.org/-/media/ac4d82d736aa468da1a4a43357c94f28.pdf 79 https://www.aircargonews.net/news/airport/single-view/news/freighter-losses-pull-down-cargo-traffic-at-schiphol.html 80 https://www.aacargo.com/about/american-airlines-cargo-announces-record-breaking-year-2018.html 81 https://www.aircargonews.net/news/airline/freighter-operator/single-view/news/lufthansa-cargo-to-retire-two-md-11fs-in-2019.html