BALANCE

Balance is an even distribution of weight or amount on either side of an imaginary axis

which finally results in a steady position.

Balance is an important factor in giving unity to design. Every composition is a

study in proportion and balance.

The easiest way of achieving balance is through symmetry i.e. the arrangement

of element around a central axis. But even an asymmetrical composition should

be balanced to provide unity.

There are two types of balance – symmetrical and asymmetrical balance.

1. Symmetrical balance: In this type of Balance, elements of identical shape,

size and visual weight are placed on either side of an imaginary axis, at an

equal distance from the axis. This is also known as formal balance.

Ex: Mereworth Castle by Architect Colin Campbell, Taj Mahal, Pantheon,

Eiffel Tower, etc.; Most symmetrical buildings impart a sense of repose.

2. Asymmetrical balance: In asymmetrical balance, the façade forms a

unified balanced composition though elements arranged about the

imaginary axis may not be identical. The composition achieves balance

through a clever placement of elements of varying visual weight at

different distances from the axis.

Asymmetrical balance occurs when several smaller elements on one side

are balanced by a large element on the other side, or smaller items are

placed further away from the axis than larger items. One darker element

may need to be balanced by several lighter elements. Most asymmetrical

buildings impart a sense of dynamism. This is also known as informal

balance.

Examples of asymmetrical balance are the Vanna Venturi’s House by

Robert Venturi, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, by Richard Meir and the

Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, by Frank O Gehry

In the Vanna Venturi House, the various elements such as windows, doors, arches etc.

are arranged about the imaginary axis in an asymmetrical manner yet the facade has a

balance.

VITALITY OR DYNAMISM

Vitality signifies liveliness in any element. It is obtained by varying proportions of

solids and voids. This could be accentuated by cantilevers, curves, slopes,

interesting forms, colours, facade treatments etc.

They look lively and generate instant reactions by the onlookers. Vitality buildings

are full of life, bold and dynamic.

Use of curvilinear forms gives a sense of dynamism or sense of movement.

Similarly use of levels relieves monotony. Elements like flowing water, cascades

and fountains bring liveliness to the interior as well as in the exterior.

Example for vitality could be the Guggenheim Museum, New York- Frank Lloyd

Wright

Vitality produces variety. Elements which stress growth or movement bring

vitality in composition.

Another good example of Vitality is the Dancing House, Prague. The building is used

as an office building and is not open to public, but on the seventh floor there is

restaurant which is open to public. This building is dynamic in its form and structures.