Barcelona, 4 Settembre 2010 – CosmoCaixaBarcelona, 4 Settembre 2010 – CosmoCaixa

The Planck missionLooking back to the dawn of timeThe Planck mission

Looking back to the dawn of time

Marco BersanelliDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano

Planck-LFI Instrument Scientist

Marco BersanelliDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano

Planck-LFI Instrument Scientist

Goddess Nut

Tachapen-Khonson

ca.700 a.C.

Louvre, Parigi

Goddess Nut

Tachapen-Khonson

ca.700 a.C.

Louvre, Parigi

Wei Dynasty, Luoyang Cina Wei Dynasty, Luoyang Cina

The River of the Souls

Australian Aboriginals

The River of the Souls

Australian Aboriginals

Skidi Pawnee, Native Americans

Skidi Pawnee, Native Americans

Tolemaic System Tolemaic System AmericansAmericans

Tolemaic System Greece, II CenturyTolemaic System Greece, II Century

XVII sec.XXI sec.

The Milky Way

100,000 light years100,000 light years

200 billion stars200 billion stars

3D Map of the Universe

2dF Galaxy Redshift SurveyGoal: 250,000 galaxies mapped

Sloan Digital Sky SurveyGoal: 1 million galaxies100,000 QSO

Goal: 250,000 galaxies mapped

Espansione cosmicaEdwin Hubble - 1929

dHvr ⋅= 0

Nel lontano passato l’universo doveva essere molto più piccolo, più denso e più caldo di oggi…

2

2

03420

2

R

kc

RRRH

R

R MR −

Ω+Ω+Ω=

Λ&

Albert Einstein

Equazione di FreedmannGeometriaEvoluzione

Evoluzione e Geometria

ΩΩ

Alexander Friedmann

Georges Lemaitre

ΛΩMΩ

The universe 13.7 billion years ago

COBE, 1989

510−≈∆≈∆ρρ

T

TK 7252.2≈T

K 7251.2≈T

The universe 13.7 billion years ago

WMAP, 2000

00 ,,,, ΩΩΩΩ Λ RMH

Unknown universe

• What happened in the very first instants?

• What are the “ingredients” of the universe?

• What is the future of cosmic expansion?

PLANCKLooking back to the dawn of time

Planck Telescope1.5x1.9m off-axis

GregorianT = 50 K

LFI Radiometers 27-77 GHz, T = 20 K

HFI Bolometers100-850 GHz, T = 0.1 K

Planck: precision cosmology

2000

1989

Al-Idrisi, Tabula Rogeriana (1154)

Matteo Ricci (1602)

High resolution satellite map (2007)

2009

WMAP PLANCK

t = 10-9 st = 10-35 s t = 1016 s

t = 0,000000000000000000000000000000000001 sHSTLHCPlanck

The very first moments: Inflation?At the edge of space and time

Higgs detection simulation

Science can only describe the evolution of something that is already there

CMB Polarization (“B modes”)

Milano, Thales-I, August 2006

Milano, Thales-I, August 2006

Kourou, March 2009Kourou, March 2009

Kourou (Franch Guyana), February 2009

Kourou, French Guyana, 14 May 2009, h 10:12

17 March 2010

30GHz 353GHz 857GHz

Orion Nebula 30+353+857GHz

30GHz 353GHz 857GHz

Perseus30+353+857GHz

1 July 2010

“The greatest joy of a thinking man

is to have explored the explorable

and just to admire the

“The greatest joy of a thinking man

is to have explored the explorable

and just to admire the

J. W. von Goethe, quoted by Max PlanckHarnack Building of the Max Planck Society, Berlin.

J. W. von Goethe, quoted by Max PlanckHarnack Building of the Max Planck Society, Berlin.

Max Planck (1858 – 1947) Max Planck (1858 – 1947)

and just to admire the unexplorable.”and just to admire the unexplorable.”