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EX KOTHAMALA-2

BRAILLE SYSTEM: EYES OF A BLIND MAN

Introduction

1. Bismillahr Rahmanir Rahim.

2. You have witnessed in the first wk of our combined class in Mirpur Hall in the subj, ‘Essentials of Developing Communication Skill’, where you saw an example that by changing some words one can change the world. A begger was made full of bucks by someone’s creative ideas, like, ‘It’s a beautiful day, but I can’t see’, instead of telling ‘I am a blind man’. Just simple reordering of your thoughts and deeds can make all the differences in the world. With this immense approach of rediscovering of thoughts the Braille system was invented for the people who cannot see.

3. Directing Staff and Offrs present Assalamu Alaikum and very good morning. For next 09 minutes or so I shall try to impart knowledge on the topic –‘Braille systems –Eye of a blind man’.

Aim

4. For that the aim of my presenatation is to apprise you about few important aspects of Braille systems.

Sequence

5. And the seq I will follow which is flased on the screen.

a. Definitionb. Historyc. How Braille System Works d. Applications e. Outcomes of Braille Technology f. Braille Organizations g. Conclusionh. Question and Answer

Definition

6. A written system used by the blind and visually impaired people but not suitable for menatally autistic people. It is traditionally written with embossed paper. It is used in dots and identified by touch.

History

7. The histories are depicted below :

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a. Braille was based on a tactile military code called night writing, initially developed by Charles Barbier in response to Napoleon's demand for a means for soldiers to communicate silently

b. In Barbier's system, it proved to be too difficult for soldiers to recognize by touch in a rag cloth.

c. Blinded in both eyes as a result of an early childhood accident, Braille mastered his disability while still a boy.

d. He excelled in his education at Royal Institute for Blind Youth in Paris, France.

e. After completing the education he revised the Brabier’s system.

f. Invented a new writing and reading technology for the blind as named ‘Braille System’ with French alphabets.

How Braille System Works ?

8. It works with a 6 dot cells which is lowered or raised of 64 possible combinations which can be sensed by the soft touch of the fingers. Finally codes are acuumulated in a form of alphabets. By memorising these 3 process a blind man can read and write with a sense of the fingers. But for that it requires a constant training and practices. The combined dots are arranged in the Braille cell for each letter of the alphabet. From the Braille alphabet then one can construct a sentence. It can denote the numbers and punctuations also. But cannot signify the critical mathematical/chemical equations.

Application

9. Braille systems may be incoprporated

a. Computer. The system is incorporated with computer for writing and printing also, but requiers a special software.

b. Foods & Beverages. One blind man can sense his foods and beverages that what type of food and drink he/she is taking.

c. Comm Technology. In tele comm tech, one blind man can operate the existing modern phones which are specially improvised in Braille system.

d. Daily Life. In the daily life, Braille sys made it easy to meet their basics in home and outsides.

e. For the kids. And for the blind kids, life is somehow meaningful to enjoy the existing facilty of the society.

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Outcome of the Society

10. The outcomes of the society are:

a. Equality and Security

b. Literacy

c. Perform tasks

d. Functions in the society

Braille organization

11. The braille wk is celbrated by 4th - 10th January each year in Brimingham, UK. Here, people gather and celebrate the Braille system to help people know and understand more about Braille. It is discussed to improve the access to reading in all formats from Braille to large points.

12. UNESCO maintains the World Braille Publications and so far they published the systems in 150 different languages. The Bangladeshi born Dr. Ragib Hasan of Asst Professor of UAB, USA moderated the Bengali Braille Codes for the first time and the book you can see holding in his hand is the masterpiece.

Conclusion

13. Braille education remains important for developing reading skills among blind and visually impaired children, and braille literacy correlates with higher employment rates. This gives the best opportunity to the blind people to be active in the society. Though the system learning is little time consuming but can effectively help the visually impaired persons in the society. So far I have discueed about the definition, history, how braille works, applications and outcomes of this technology.

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Helping tools

They can make you laugh, or make you cry. Engage or enrage. Bring joy, bring sorrow. They can herald new life, memorialize lives gone, inspire great acts of heroism – or despicable acts of evil. They can transport you … to other worlds, other times, other places.

CHANGE YOUR WORDS – CHANGE YOUR WORLD

But sometimes, just a simple re-thinking,  re-wording, re-ordering, of your thoughts, words and deeds can make all the difference in the world.

It’s a beautiful day and I can’t see

I don’t know whether you have seen the YouTube video clip titled The Power of Words link here but it is really quite powerful and a great lesson for us in our business and personal relationships. It portrays a man begging for money with a cardboard sign that says ‘I’m blind, Please help” and a only few people toss him coins. That is, until a woman comes along and rewrites his sign causing the donations to double.

She writes ‘It’s a beautiful day and I can’t see’. She solved a problem by thinking in a lateral way and expressing the man’s message differently with colour and imagery and emotion, eliciting a totally different result. It’s about being aware of the power of

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words, and the realisation we can change almost anything in our world when we change our words.

If he had said “I’m blind and 20% of the world are too so help us” , then that logical, data based, analytical approach would have interested and generated a response from a few more people but not double.

On the other hand, when we choose to be devoid of creativity or story telling or innuendo in relaying our messages, then we lean toward being literal eg ‘I’m Blind. Please help.’  By being black and white, as unfair as it may seem, sometimes people think ‘who cares?’. When we are literal, we can be too specific and that can result in breaking rapport and repelling people and we influence no one.

The reason I am sharing this is because how we communicate, the lingual emphasis, the lexical approach (OK so I’m on a roll here :))  is so important to the results that matter the most to us in our day to day business life with relationships, in proposals and sales presentations, in corporate literature and commercial conversations and knowing the difference is half the battle and half the fun.

So check your vocabulary, juice it up, introduce a new word this week and most of all, make sure you have a beautiful day….

Be Bold and Brilliant!

Braille is a tactile writing system used by the blind and the visually impaired. It is traditionally written with embossed paper. Braille-users can read computer screens and other electronic supports thanks to refreshable braille displays. They can write braille with the original slate and stylus or type it on a braille writer, such as a portable braille note-taker, or on a computer that prints with a braille embosser.

Braille is named after its creator, Frenchman Louis Braille, who lost his eyesight due to a childhood accident. In 1824, at the age of 15, Braille developed his code for the French alphabet as an improvement on night writing. He published his system, which subsequently included musical notation, in 1829. The second revision, published in 1837, was the first binary form of writing developed in the modern era.

History

7. Braille was based on a tactile military code called night writing, developed by Charles Barbier in response to Napoleon's demand for a means for soldiers to communicate silently at night and without light. In Barbier's system, sets of 12 embossed dots encoded 36 different sounds. It proved to be too difficult for soldiers to recognize by touch, and was rejected by the military. In 1821 Barbier visited the Royal Institute for the Blind in Paris, where he met Louis Braille. Braille identified two major defects of the code: first, by representing only sounds, the code was unable to render the orthography of the words; second, the human finger could not encompass the whole 12-dot symbol without moving, and so could not move rapidly

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from one symbol to another. Braille's solution was to use 6-dot cells and to assign a specific pattern to each letter of the alphabet. At first, braille was a one-to-one transliteration of French orthography, but soon various abbreviations, contractions, and even logograms were developed, creating a system much more like shorthand. The expanded English system, called Grade-2 Braille, was complete by 1905. For the blind today, braille is an independent writing system rather than a code of printed orthography.

How Braille System works

8. Braille is derived from the Latin alphabet, albeit indirectly. In Braille's original system, the dot patterns were assigned to letters according to their position within the alphabetic order of the French alphabet, with accented letters and w sorted at the end.

The first ten letters of the alphabet, a–j, use the upper four dot positions: ⠁⠃⠉⠙⠑⠋⠛⠓⠊⠚ (black dots in the table below). These stand for the ten digits 1–9 and 0 in a system parallel to Hebrew gematria and Greek isopsephy. (Though the dots are assigned in no obvious order, the cells with the fewest dots are assigned to the first three letters (and lowest digits), abc = 123 (⠁⠃⠉), and to the three vowels in this part of the alphabet, aei (⠁⠑⠊), whereas the even digits, 4, 6, 8, 0 (⠙⠋⠓⠚), are corners/right angles.)Braille is the primary reading and writing system used by the visually impaired. Helps in increasing literacy among the visually impaired. In modern world Braille technologies are supported by various electronic devices.

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