base of-benzene synthesis using of modern benzene line
TRANSCRIPT
Equipment for benzene synthesys for radiocarbon
analyses based on LSC
Vadim Skripkin
Kiev - 2012
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Equipment (base set) Equipment (base set)
Equipment (base set, 2000)
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Equipment (base set)
Equipment (View of another lab, recent - 2008)
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Equipment (in lab & other conditions)
Working in lab(Kiev)
Newly mounted (Kiev)
On poster (Poland)
Working in field (Chornobyl)
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Technology: (traditional, benzene synthesis) )
Wood, Charcoal,Peat, Bone,Carbonate, CO2,Humus, Soil
(C, CO2)+Li
Li2+H2O > C2H2
LSC
C2H2 > C2H2
Any sample material is converted to benzene
Pirolysis, burning, bombing,…
Pretreated by:
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Equipment (base set) Equipment (base set)
Technology: “vacuum pyrolysis” , published 1998
It includes: Direct chemisorptions of carbon-containing gases produced by the controlled thermal degradation of organic materials under vacuum into a lithium alloy.
It is:Fast, efficient, powerful, highly economical.
Vacuum pyrolysis Considerable simplificate and accelerate LS radiocarbon analyses, especially such materials as organic and soil organic, charcoal (even in ceramic).
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Equipment (base set) Equipment (base set)
Technology “vacuum pyrolysis” 1. Bulk material sample is mixed with manganese dioxide. Addition of manganese dioxide plays an important role. When the temperature is above 550 oС the manganese dioxide disintegrates with active oxygen liberation all over the volume of mixture. Oxygen liberation runs quietly, under the broad range of temperatures (550-940 oС). 2. Carbon-containing materials therewith are oxidized to carbon oxide and dioxide, and in such kind are absorbed by melted lithium. 3. Resulted lithium carbide is subjected to hydrolysis. 4. Gassing acetylene is converted into benzene on vanadium catalyst.
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catalyst OV
22
22222
2222
O
C90043
O
C74032
O
C5302
HC H3C 4.
HC 2LiOH O2HCLi 3.
O4LiCLi Li 102CO 2.
MnOOMnOMnMnO 1.
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2
o
2
o
2
o
→
→→→
+→+
+→+
−−−
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Equipment (base set) Equipment (base set)
Technology “vacuum pyrolysis”
Advantages:
1. It is applicable to different sample material.
2. It is short lasting sample preparation procedure.
3. It is highly efficient, saving material (sample and chemicals).
4. It allows fractional separation of analysed carbon material during one sample preparation procedure.
6. It allow complete separation of carbon even in case of high ash materials.
5. It avoid application of bombing procedure and required following: separation, purification, trapping and storage of resulting gases.
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Technology “LS vials” developed for LSC Quantulus 1220TM
Traditional approach
Novel approach
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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Equipment (base set) Equipment (base set)
It is recognized: In most world known laboratories
It is worldwide applicable:
•Ukraine (2),•Russia (10+),•Poland (4+),•Germany (2+),•USA (2+),•UK (2+),•Latvia (2),•Lithuania (2),•Belarus (1),• …
2010, Contracted (2) by IAEA
Benzene synthesis equipment for radiocarbon analyses
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References
1995. Buzinny M, Skripkin V. Newly designed 0.8-mL Teflon® vial for micro-volume radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon 37(2):743–7.
1998. V.V. Skripkin, N.N. Kovalyukh, Recent Developments in the Procedures Used at the SSCER Laboratory for the Routine Preparation of Lithium Carbide. Radiocarbon v.40, pp.211-214.
1998. J. Van Der Plicht, N.N. Kovalyukh, V.V. Skripkin, 14C Cycle in the Hot Zone around Chernobyl. Radiocarbon, Vol.40, No1, p.391-397.
2000. V.V. Skripkin, N.N. Kovalyukh. Radiocarbon LS dating of bone micro-samples.
2007. Kovalyukh N., Skripkin V. Radiocarbon dating of archaeological ceramic by liquid scintillation method // Radiocarbon in archaeological and paleoecological studies. Published by Institute og material culture RAN, Sanct Petersburg, PP. 120–126. (In Russian)