ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Basic Drilling for WE ADP 201416 June 2014

DRILLING DEPARTMENT

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

AGENDA

• Reason to drill a well

• Type of Oil and Gas Wells

• Geological Targets and Directional Well

• PTTEP Thailand Well Architecture

• Drilling Team/Rig Organization

• Drilling Equipments in Well Construction

• Well Cost

• Risk in DRILLING

• Working on the Rig

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Reason for drilling a well

Why we drill a well?

• Gain information about the sub-surface

• Allow communication between surface and under ground to:

– Produce pore fluids: Hydrocarbon (oil and gas), Water

– Injection of fluids

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

DRILLING a WELL

Drilling a well to be planned following subsurface formation and structure that potentially provide trapping of hydrocarbon

WATER

OIL

GAS

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Wildcat / Exploration Well:

• A well drills in the area with little known geological

information.

Appraisal / Delineation Well:

• A well drills to investigate the extent of the reservoirs and

to evaluate potential.

Production / Development Well:

• A well drills to produce hydrocarbon.

In-filled Well:

• A well drills to optimize hydrocarbon recovery.

Types of Oil and Gas Wells

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

• Geological Targets

Geological Target and Directional Well

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Geological Target and Directional Well

Vertical J shape S shape Horizontal

Well Type by Shape

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

1. Drilling surface section

2. Run surface casing

3. Cementing

4. Drilling intermediate section

5. Run intermediate casing

6. Cementing

7. Drilling production section

8. Electric logging

9. Run production casing

10.Cementing

11. Perforating8

DRILLING a WELL on GOT

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department 9

PTTEP Offshore Thailand well Architecture

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

PTTEP S1 well Architecture

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Yom/PTO well LKU well

Yom

PTO

Main Seal

LKU

Ping

9-5/8” casing12-1/4” hole

900m

1700m

2000m

AHD

1200m

3000m 7” casing8-3/4” hole

9-5/8” casing12-1/4” hole

7” casing8-3/4” hole

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department 11

DRILLING TEAM / RIG– organization

ODL Drilling VP

Operation Manager

Engineering Manager

Drilling Engineer

Superintendent

DSV

Rig Site

Rig Contractor

PTTEP Support Team

Service Companies

OFFICE TEAM

Asset Team

Reservoir Eng.

PlanningGeologist & Geophysicist

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department 12

DRILLING TEAM / RIG– organization

Senior DSV

Rig Contractor

DSV

Well Site Geologist

Third Party(Service Companies)

Derrickman

Rousabout

Barge Master for offshore

RIG site team

PTTEP Support

Material Man

Completion Supervisor

Toolpusher

MWD/LWD

Wireline Logging

Directional Driller

Mud Engineer

Wellhead Engineer

H2S Services

Tubular Running

Mud Logging

Waste Management

Cementer

CateringPumpman

Driller

Roughneck

MechanicsElectricians

Welder

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Services companies involve during drilling phase - general

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

DRILLING EQUIPMENT IN WELL CONSTRUCTION

•Rig system• Rig Type• Rig Components

• Casing and Wellhead Mud • Cement• Downhole Drilling Tools• Formation Evaluation• Well Completion

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

TYPE OF RIG IN PTTEP OPERATION IN THAILAND

• Land rig – sling shot

• Offshore• Jack up rig

• Tender assisted rig

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Rig Type

Onshore Rig

• GW-80 and GWT-11

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Rig Type

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• Jack Up Rig

Exploration Well

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Rig Type

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• Tender Rig

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

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• Hoisting System

RIG COMPONENT – hoisting system

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – hoisting system

Hoisting System

• To provide a means of lowering or raising drilling strings, casing strings, and other subsurface equipment into or out of the hole. The principal components consist of– Derrick and Substructure

– Drilling Line

– Blocks

– Drawworks

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – hoisting system

Derrick and Substructure

Block

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Drawworks

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

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• Circulating System

RIG COMPONENT – circulating system

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – circulating system

Circulating System

• The principal components of the rig circulating system include– Drilling fluid (mud)

– Mud pumps

– Mud pits

– Mud-mixing equipment

– Solid control equipment

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – circulating system

Mud-Mixing Equipment

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Shale Shaker

Mud Pumps Mud Pits

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

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• Rotating System

• Kelly• The rotating system

includes all of the

equipment used to achieve

bit rotation.

– Kelly (old fashion)

– Top drive

RIG COMPONENT – rotating system

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – rotating system

Top Drive

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

• Power System

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RIG COMPONENT – power system

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – power system

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – well control system

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – well control system

Well Control System

• To prevent uncontrolled flow of formation fluid from wellbore.

• Kick is defined as an unwanted influx of formation fluids into the wellbore.

• Blowout is defined as an uncontrolled flow of formation fluids to the surface or to another formation underground (underground blowout)

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

RIG COMPONENT – well control system

BOP stack

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Accumulator and

BOP control ’s Diagram

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Casing

Casing

• Conductor Pipe

• Surface Casing

• Intermediate Casing

• Production Casing

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Well head & X’mas tree

Onshore Well Head Offshore Well Head

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Wellhead & X’mas tree

Onshore X’mas tree Offshore X’mas tree

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Function of Drilling Fluid Type of Drilling Fluid

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• Clean rock fragments and carry them

to surface.

• Exert sufficient hydrostatic pressure

against subsurface formation to

prevent formation fluid from flowing

into well (kick) without fracturing

formations.

• Keep the newly drilled borehole open

until steel casing can be cemented.

• Cool and lubricate the rotating string

and bit.

Mud

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Cement

Cementing Equipment

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Cement

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Downhole Drilling Tools - Bit

Drill Bit

Milled Tooth

Tungsten Carbide Insert

Diamond

PDC

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Downhole Drilling Tools - BHA

Mud Motor

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

• Data Acquisition

• Mud Logging

– Record drilling parameters

– Collect and Analyze cuttings

• Wireline Logging

• LWD (Logging While Drilling)

Formation Evaluation

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

• Well Testing

• Identify Production Capacity

• Drill Stem Test (DST)

• Production Test

Formation Evaluation

186-0-78404-8186-0-78404-8186-0-78404-8

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Well Completion

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• Three basic types of completion

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Well Completion

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ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Drilling Related Services :

• Drilling Rig Services

• Cementing Services

• Electric logging Services

• Mud logging Services

• Drilling Fluid Services

• Directional Drilling Services

• Tubular Running Services

• Rig Positioning Services

• Fishing Services

• H2S and Safety Preventive Services

• Drilling Project Management Services

WELL COST COMPONENTS

Support and Logistic Services :

• Weather Forecast Services

• Telecom Services

• Vessel or Transportation Services

• Helicopter or Fixed Wing Services

• Workshop and Repair Services

• Inspection Services

Long-Lead Items (Tangibles):

• Tubular (Casing and Tubing)

• Wellhead and X-mas Tree

• Casing and Cementing Equipment

• Completions and DownholeEquipment

• Bit

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department 46

Gulf of Thailand(1.5 – 6 M USD)

Onshore Thailand(0.8 – 25 M USD)

Myanmar Offshore & Andaman

(3– 40 M USD)

Deepwater Indonesia

(50– 70 M USD)

Australia Offshore(15 – 50 M USD)

Oman Onshore(6 – 8 M USD)

Iran Onshore(40 - 50 M USD)

Algeria Onshore(12 – 18 M USD)

WELL COST

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Work on the Rig

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department 48

RISK in DRILLING OPERATIONS

Problems related Working and Environmental Conditions:

• Heavy Machinery, Tools and Equipment

• High pressure / High Temperature

• Chemical and hazardous material i.e. H2S, CO2, toxic, radioactive

• Transportation i.e. Heavy truck, Vessels, Helicopter

• Weather i.e. Typhoon, Cyclone, Sand Storm

• Security

Problems related Hole Conditions:

• Stuck Pipe

• Loss Circulation

• Well Control Situation

• Blowout

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Work on the Rig

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Work on the Rig

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department

Work on the Rig

ODL – Domestic Drilling Department 52

THANK YOU