BASICBASICFIRSTFIRSTAID AID

Prepared by: Prepared by: Joanne Faye Q. Lim, BSN, Joanne Faye Q. Lim, BSN, RNRN

October 27, 2009October 27, 2009

FIRST AIDFIRST AID It is an immediate response to It is an immediate response to a compromised patient, usually a compromised patient, usually during emergency situations.during emergency situations.

It is indicated to bridge the gap It is indicated to bridge the gap between the patient and the between the patient and the physician or any medical help.physician or any medical help.

SHOCKSHOCK

An abnormal condition An abnormal condition of inadequate blood flow of inadequate blood flow to the body tissues with to the body tissues with life threatening cellular life threatening cellular dysfunctiondysfunction

Cold and Clammy SkinCold and Clammy Skin

HypotensionHypotension

PallorPallor

Dilated PupilsDilated Pupils

Assessment for Assessment for SHOCKSHOCK

Types of SHOCKTypes of SHOCK

HypovolemicHypovolemic

SepticSeptic

CardiogenicCardiogenic

VasogenicVasogenic

AnaphylacticAnaphylactic

Shock (First Shock (First Aid)Aid)

BURNSBURNS Any injury to the body Any injury to the body caused by hot objects, caused by hot objects, flames, electricity, flames, electricity, chemicals, radiation or chemicals, radiation or gasesgases

Classifications of Classifications of BURNSBURNS

First Degree BurnFirst Degree Burn (SUPERFICIAL)(SUPERFICIAL)

Second Degree BurnSecond Degree Burn (PARTIAL THICKNESS BURN)(PARTIAL THICKNESS BURN)

Third Degree BurnThird Degree Burn (FULL THICKNESS BURN)(FULL THICKNESS BURN)

BURNSBURNS

WOUNDSWOUNDS

A disruption in the A disruption in the continuity of a continuity of a supposedly intact skinsupposedly intact skin

WOUNDS First AidWOUNDS First Aid

1.1. Control the Bleeding Control the Bleeding

Apply pressure on the bleeding Apply pressure on the bleeding sitesite

Elevation (upper and lower Elevation (upper and lower extremities)extremities)

Apply pressure on the pulse siteApply pressure on the pulse site

2.2. BandagingBandaging

BANDAGINGBANDAGINGOpen PhaseOpen Phase Top of the HeadTop of the Head

FaceFace

Back Part of HeadBack Part of Head

Chest or BackChest or Back

Arm SlingArm Sling

Hand or Foot (Burns)Hand or Foot (Burns)

Leg (Knee Part)Leg (Knee Part)

Elbow (Straight and Bent)Elbow (Straight and Bent)

ForearmForearm

Hip and ShoulderHip and Shoulder

GenitalsGenitals

BANDAGINGBANDAGINGBroad CravatBroad Cravat

ForeheadForehead

Ears, Cheeks, JawEars, Cheeks, Jaw

Palm Pressure Palm Pressure (Vertical and Horizontal(Vertical and Horizontal

Ankle Support Ankle Support (Shoe On and Shoe Off)(Shoe On and Shoe Off)

BANDAGINGBANDAGINGNarrow Broad Narrow Broad

CravatCravat

FRACTURESFRACTURES

Break in the continuity of Break in the continuity of the bone tissuesthe bone tissues

FRACTURE (First FRACTURE (First Aid) Aid)

RICERICE

RRestest

IImmobilizemmobilize

CCompressompress

EElevatelevate

Patient Patient Evacuation/TransferEvacuation/Transfer

ONE MAN CARRYONE MAN CARRYSide By Side CarrySide By Side Carry

Lovers’ Carry Lovers’ Carry

Pick a Back MethodPick a Back Method

Cross-hand Pulling MethodCross-hand Pulling Method

Dining Chair MethodDining Chair Method

Fireman’s CarryFireman’s Carry

Fireman’s DragFireman’s Drag

Blanket LiftBlanket Lift

Patient Patient Evacuation/TransferEvacuation/Transfer

TWO MEN CARRYTWO MEN CARRY

Side By Side Carry With a PartnerSide By Side Carry With a Partner

Two Handed LiftTwo Handed Lift

Three Handed LiftThree Handed Lift

Four Handed Lift Four Handed Lift

Fore and Aft MethodFore and Aft Method

Arm Chair DragArm Chair Drag

THREE MEN AND ABOVE CARRYTHREE MEN AND ABOVE CARRY

TRIAGETRIAGE A process of prioritizing A process of prioritizing

patients based on the patients based on the severity of their conditionseverity of their condition

This delivers patient This delivers patient treatment efficiently when treatment efficiently when resources are insufficient for resources are insufficient for all to be treated immediately. all to be treated immediately.

Triage SystemTriage System

REDRED (Emergent) (Emergent)

YELLOWYELLOW (Urgent) (Urgent)

GREENGREEN (Non-urgent) (Non-urgent)

BLACKBLACK (Expired Patients) (Expired Patients)