basics of chemistry
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Basics of Chemistry. Week 4 Dr. Thornton OAPB. The Atom by Niels Bohr. electron (negative charge). electron shell. proton (positive charge). nucleus. neutron (no charge). Hydrogen (H). Helium (He). The Bohr Model. Electron Shells. Elements. Matter: takes up space, has weight. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Basics of Chemistry
Week 4
Dr. Thornton
OAPB
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electronshell
nucleus
Hydrogen (H) Helium (He)
neutron(no charge)
proton(positive charge)
electron (negative charge)
The Atom by Niels Bohr
The Bohr Model
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Electron Shells
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Elements
• Matter: takes up space, has weight.
• Mass: the quantity of matter in a given object.
• Energy: review the types of energy.
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Isotopes
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electrontransfer
sodium ion (Na+) chloride ion (CI–)
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ATOM ACTIVITY!
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Polar Molecules
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ice
In ice, the maximum numberof hydrogen bonds form,causing the molecules to bespread far apart.
liquidwater
In liquid water, hydrogenbonds constantly break andre-form, enabling a moredense spacing than in ice.
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pure water
(H2O)
(a) Starting with pure water
Pure water is a “neutral”substance in terms of itspH levels.
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(c) Making watermore basic
An equal concentration of sodium hydroxide, poured into water, dissociates into Na+ and OH– ions, moving the water toward the basic end of the scale.
base
NaOH
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neutralized solution
(d) Combining acidic and basic solutions
When the acid and base solutions are poured together, the OH– ions from (c) accept the H+ ions from (b), formingwater and keeping the solution at a neutral pH.
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