BATTLEFIELD UPDATE Newsletter of the American Battlefield Protection Program

Fall 2002, No. 80

A SUCCESSFUL PARTNERSHIP STORY

By Frances H. Kennedy

A partnership created by The Conservation Fund, including the National Park Service, the State of Georgia Community Greenspace Program, The Gilder Foundation. The Turner Foundation. Whitfield County, the City of Dalton. the Dalton/Whitfield Chamber of Commerce, the Community Foundation of Northwest Georgia, and the landowners -the Looper family and Rex Investments - represented by Harry Looper, protected 625 acres on the Rocky Face Ridge battlefield, site of the First battle of the Atlanta Campaign. Whitfield County now owns the land. Mike Babb. the Chairman of the Whitfield County Board of Commissioners, said that the county plans minor enhance­ments of the land to tell the story of the battle and to pre­serve the Confederate fortifications and will keep it unde­veloped to protect the natural resources. The Conservation Fund's Civil War Battlefield Campaign. Frances H. Kennedy. Director, began developing the partnership sev­eral years ago, and grants from The Gilder Foundation and The Turner Foundation supported the Fund's work.

See PARTNERSHIP STORY, page 10

Rocky Face Ridge Battlefield. NPS photo.

ALBANY CONFERENCE HELD

The American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) and the Civil War Preservation Trust (CWPT) proudly hosted the 6th National Conference on Battlefield Preservation in Albany, New York on August 16-18 2002. The meeting brought together battlefield preservationists and interested citizens to meet, discuss and learn about a variety of bat­tlefield preservation issues.

Those participants who arrived early to the conference were treated to a choice of battlefield tours or a grant work­shop. Eric Schnizter conducted a tour of Saratoga National Historic Park. Dr. David Starbuck led a tour of the Lake George Battlefield area and the surrounding areas of engagements. The ABPP staff presented a workshop on the ABPP grant process, applications, grant administration and various examples of battlefield research and preservation planning projects funded by the grant program. A limited number of conference binders, with the presentation and workshop handout materials included, are available on request from the ABPP staff.

The opening conference ceremony was held in the "War Room" in the Governor's Reception Hall of the State Capital. Honors to nation were rendered as the colors were presented by members of the 27th Infantry Brigade. New York Army National Guard, and opening remarks were offered by Col. David Sheppard. Chief of Staff New York National Guard, Division of Military & Naval Affairs. Authentic 18th century music provided the atmosphere, as conference participants and their guests were treated to evening tours of the State House, and viewed exhibits from the New York military collection.

Two tracks of conference sessions were presented all day on Saturday. Topics varied from preservation planning, New York State projects, archeological investigations, landscape challenges and partnership building. All confer­ence attendees enjoyed the Roundtable Luncheon that arranged tables by preservation topic to foster continued discussion on preservation issues. The day was capped off

See Albany Conference, page 6

U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Heritage Preservation Services

C A P I T A L W A T C H , THE 107™ CONGRESS A number of bills concerning battlefield preservation were introduced in the 107th Congress. In addition to the Civil War Preservation Act. which authorized con­tinuation of the battlefield acquisition grant program, other legislation was introduced that affects individual battlefields or military historic sites. At the time of this writing, the status of the various pieces of legisla­tion is as follows:

Cedar Creek Battlefield and Belle Grove Plantation National Historical Park Act: Introduced in the House on June 13, 2002 by Frank Wolf (R-VA) and Bob Goodlatte (R-VA). H.R. 4944. which will designate the Cedar Creek Battlefield and Belle Grove Plantation National Historical Park as a unit of the National Park System, passed the House of Representatives October 1, 2002. The Senate version, S. 2623, was introduced on June 13, 2002, by John Warner (R-VA) and George Allen (R-VA) and passed on November 20. It is now awaiting the President's signature. The Battle of Cedar Creek, also known as the battle of Belle Grove, was a major event of the Civil War and represented the end of the Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864.

Fort Donelson National Battlefield Expansion Act of 2002: Introduced in the House on September 19, 2002 by Ed Whitfield (R-KY) and John Tanner (D-TN), H.R. 5426 will expand the boundaries of the Fort Donelson National Battlefield to authorize the acqui­sition and interpretation of lands associated with the campaign that resulted in the capture of the fort in 1862. The bill has been referred to the Committee on Resources.

Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument Enhancement Act of 2001: Introduced in the Senate by Ben Nighthorse Campbell (R-CO) on August 2, 2001, S. 1338 will expand the boundaries of Little Bighorn Battlefield. The bill has been read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. The current total size of the Monument is 765.34 acres. This includes the areas immediately sur­rounding the cemetery and a separate area, the Reno-Benteen Battlefield, a few miles from the cemetery. There are additional sites of historical interest related to the 1876 battle that are not contained within the boundaries of the Monument as it is presently consti­tuted. The area surrounding the Monument has seen

markedly increased commercial development in recent years. Such development not only threatens to intrude on the experience of visitors, but in many instances has actually taken place directly on sites of historical importance, irrevocably altering physical features of the landscape that are crucial for understanding what took place at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

An example of commercial development adjacent to Little Bighorn Battlefield. NFS photo.

Conveyance Authorization for a Portion of the Bluegrass Army Depot: Introduced by Jim Bunning (R-KY) on October 10, 2002, S. 3108 authorizes the conveyance of a portion of the Bluegrass Army Depot to Madison County. Kentucky to preserve a historic Civil War battlefield. The Secretary of the Army will be authorized to effect the transfer only if the County agrees to utilize the property for historical preserva­tion and education purposes. The bill has been read twice and referred to the Committee on Armed Services.

Fort Presque Isle National Historic Site Act: Introduced by Phil English (R-PA) on May 8. 2002, HR 4681 will establish the Fort Presque Isle National Historic Site in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The bill has been referred to the Committee on Resources. Fort Presque Isle was a frontier outpost located on Garrison Hill in the area of present-day Erie, Pennsylvania, which was the site of the American installations built in 1795 and 1796 and in the War of 1812. The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission has recognized the reconstruct­ed blockhouse as eligible for placement on the National Register of Historic Places.

Battlefield Update 2

LAND AND WATER CONSERVATION FUND GRANT UPDATE

Thanks in part to the lobbying efforts of a number of preservation groups, led by the Civil War Preservation Trust (CWPT), the 107th Congress appropriated funds to assist States and local communities acquire and preserve threatened Civil War battlefields. The FY 2002 Department of the Interior Appropriations Act (Public Law 107-63) authorized $11 million of the Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) for use in matching grants to permanently protect endangered battle sites. The LWCF grants may be awarded to units of State and local govern­ments, or private non-profit organizations in partnership with a State of local government, to acquire battlefield land for its preservation.

LWCF grants are awarded through a competitive process over three years (fiscal years 2002 through 2004). Each grant requires a dollar-for-dollar non-Federal match by the recipient. The grants are available for the fee simple acqui­sition of, or for the acquisition of permanent, protective interests in, land at Civil War battlefields listed in the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission's (CWSAC) 1993 Report on the Nation's Civil War Battlefields. Higher considera­tion will be given to proposals for acquisition of endan­gered lands at battlefields defined as Priority I or II sites in the CWSAC report. Funds, however, may not be used to acquire land or interests in land within the legislative boundary of a National Park.

The ABPP evaluates the proposals it receives based on three criteria: 1) significance of the site; 2) location of the proposed acquisition in proximity to the "core" battlefield; and 3) status of the required non-Federal matching share. Of the proposals received in FY 2002. the ABPP selected six for funding that have already been approved by the Director of the national Park Service. Each of these battle­fields face significant development threats. The ABPP determined that acquisition of the property would con­tribute significantly to preserving the integrity of the sites. Additionally, each applicant receiving LWCF funds had raised the required non-Federal matching funds and demonstrated the ability to reach settlement on the proper­ty in the near future. The ABPP awarded six LWCF grants.

obligating $1,856,570, of which $420,000 has been paid as of this writing, to acquire 659.5 acres of battlefield land. Some of the recipients are:

Arkansas State Parks: $421,000 for 70 acres at Prairie Grove.

Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation: $47,000 for 6.5 acres at Chancellorsville; and $68,500 for 43 acres at Reams Station.

Frederick County. Virginia: $420,000 for 108 acres at Kernstown.

Maryland Program Open Space: $360,000 for 200 acres at Antietam.

The ABPP has recommended four more grants, totaling $576,050 to acquire an additional 196 acres at four battle­fields. These are pending the approval of the National Park Service Director. The ABPP will announce the recipients of additional awards once the Director has signed the nee essary authorization. Three more applications are current­ly waiting review. If all are approved, $1,953,250 will acquire another 945 acres of endangered battlefield land.

Applicants may submit proposals to the ABPP at any time. The ABPP will review applications for Priority I and II bat­tlefields as they are received. The ABPP will notify the applicant of its decision within 30 days of receipt of the completed application. Applications for Priority III and IV battlefields will be reviewed every four months beginning on June 1. 2002, and thereafter on October 1, 2002. February 1, 2003, June 1, 2003, and October 1, 2003, or until funds are no longer available. For example, the ABPP did not review Priority IV applications received on or after June 2, 2002, until October 1. 2002. The ABPP will notify Priority III and IV applicants of its decision within 45 days of the pertinent deadline above.

LWCF Civil War Land Acquisition Grants information, including application guidelines and instructions, is avail­able online at www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/lwcf2002.htm. Please address questions and requests to Paul Hawke. Chief. ABPP. at (202) 354-2023, or e-mail PauLHawke @ nps.gov.

Battlefield Update 3

FOURTEEN PROJECTS RECEIVE 2002 GRANTS

The American Battlefield Protection Program's 2(X)2 grant selection was very competitive. More than 60 applicants vied for the limited funds available this year, with one out of four selected. The ABPP awarded fourteen grants (listed below) for a combined $345,002. The funded projects pro­vide opportunities to avoid or mitigate current and impend­ing threats to more than 30 battlefields and one associated site in 19 states. For more information about the projects, contact the person noted at the end of each grant descrip­tion.

City of Brownsville - Texas - $29,500 Research and Interpretation of Resaca de la Palma The City of Brownsville will conduct an archeological sur­vey of the site of the Battle of Resaca de la Palma, a National Historic Landmark, and interpret the battle for the public. The project will help definitively identify areas of engagement between the U.S. and Mexican forces that occurred during the March 1846 battle. Archeologists hope to locate the heart of the battlefield for future preservation and interpretation. - Jose Gavito. Heritage Officer. City of Brownsville, 1150 East Adams Street, Brownsville, TX 78520, (956) 548-6095.

CYNTHIANA BATTLEFIELD ADDED TO

REGISTER

The American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) staff wishes to congratulate the Cynthiana-Harrison County (Kentucky) Chamber of Commerce. The Chamber received an ABPP project grant for $6,000 in 2001 to aid in preparing the nomination of the site of the Second Battle of Cynthiana to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The work was also beneficial in helping raise community awareness about the importance and fragility of Civil War battlefield lands and buildings in the area. On September 9, 2002. the Director of the National Park Service announced that the site of the Second Battle of Cynthiana was added to the NRHP. For further infor­mation about the National Register contact Edson Beall by telephone at (202) 354-2255. or e-mail Edson_Beall@nps.gov.

Carolinas Backcountry Alliance - North Carolina -$20,000 Revolutionary War National Heritage Area The Alliance plans to use the grant to build support in North Carolina for a National Heritage Area that recog­nizes the significant contribution of the backcountry in the Southern Campaign of the Revolutionary War. While only Congress can designate a National Heritage Area, strong partnerships are key to promoting, establishing, and main­taining National Heritage Area status. The Alliance will work with a variety of public agencies and private organi­zations to enhance preservation, education, and heritage tourism activities in North Carolina. - Jayne Scarborough. Carolinas Backcountry Alliance. Olde English District Commission, P.O. Box 1440, Chester, SC 29706, (803) 385-6800.

Little Bighorn National Monument - Montana - $15,000 Research and Registration of Great Sioux War Battlefields Little Bighorn National Monument will administer the grant for the Friends of the Little Bighorn Battlefield. The Friends will work with tribes, state agencies, and non-prof­it organizations to research battlefields of the Great Sioux War and nominate them to the National Register of Historic Places. The project will document twelve sites in Montana. Nebraska. South Dakota, and Wyoming that were the scenes of military engagements between Lakota and Northern Cheyenne warriors against the U.S. Army and Crow warriors in 1876 and 1877. - Darrell Cook at Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument, P.O. Box 39, Crow Agency. Big Horn, MT 59022-0039, (406) 638-2621. (see Capital Watch for a related story)

Mill Springs Battlefield Association - Kentucky - $8,000 Mill Springs Battlefield Protection Plan Update The Mill Springs Battlefield Association will work with members of the Pulaski County government, non-profit historical organizations, representatives of the heritage tourism industry, and the public to review and update the battlefield's existing preservation plan, which in 1994 out­lined actions needed to manage, interpret, and use the site. The January 1862 battle was instrumental in Union forces gaining control of Kentucky and breaking the Confederate defense line that ran from Virginia to the Mississippi River - William R. Neikirk, Mill Springs Battlefield Association P.O. Box 814, Somerset, KY, 42502, (606) 679-1859.

Battlefield Update 4

City of Monroe - Michigan - $30,000 Archeology and Reclamation at River Raisin The City of Monroe, working with the Monroe County Historical Society, Eastern Michigan University, and Heidelberg College of Ohio, will monitor the demolition of mill structures to determine whether battle artifacts remain at the site and will assess the archeological integrity of the battlefield. Two consecutive battles between American and British forces, including Canadians and Indian allies, occurred in January 1813 on the River Raisin. The result was an American defeat where many wounded and prison­ers were killed after the fighting ended. American outrage resulted in the refrain "Remember the River Raisin" becoming a rallying cry for the remainder of the War of 1812. - Jeffrey Green, AICR City of Monroe, Michigan, 120 East First Street, Monroe. MI 48161, (734) 384-9106.

Oklahoma Historical Society - Oklahoma - $36,000 Civil War Heritage Trail Map The Oklahoma Historical Society, working with its coun­terparts in adjacent states, plans to use the grant to produce a Civil War heritage trail map of battlefields and associat­ed historic sites in southeastern Kansas, southwestern Missouri, northwestern Arkansas, and northeastern Oklahoma. The project will interpret the Civil War history of the Trans-Mississippi West and highlight the need to preserve the region's Civil War sites. The Society will pre­sent information about African American, Hispanic, and Native American participation in the war, as well as about the partisan warfare that took place in the region. - Dr. Bob L. Blackburn, Oklahoma Historical Society. 2100 North Lincoln Boulevard. Oklahoma City, OK 73105-4997. (918)473-5572.

Mississippi Department of Archives and History -Mississippi - $7,300 Okolona Battlefield Survey The Mississippi Department of Archives and History, working with the Friends of the Battle of Okolona. the Okolona Chamber of Commerce, and the Mississippi Civil War Battlefield Commission, will define the extent of the battlefield through archeological investigations and will plan for its future management and interpretation. The cav­alry battle resulted in Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest's successful counter to a Union advance led by General William S. Smith in support of General William T Sherman's Meridian Expedition. - Kenneth H. P'Pool. Mississippi Department of Archives and History, P.O. Box 571, Jackson, MS 39205, (601) 359-6940.

Nez Perce Tribe - Idaho - $37,700 Archeological Survey of Clearwater Battlefield The Nez Perce Tribe, working with the Nez Perce National Historical Park, the Idaho State Historic Preservation Officer, and private landowners, will research the battle, conduct archeological investigations to define the extent of the Clearwater battlefield, and plan for its future manage­ment. The Nez Perce warriors' defensive tactics in the two-day battle held off an attack by U.S. forces long enough to enable the tribe to escape into Montana. The information will be used to interpret and plan for the future manage­ment of the battlefield. - Kevin Canned. Project Manager, Nez Perce Tribe. P.O. Box 365, Lapwai, ID 83540, (208) 843-2253.

Pueblo of Zuni - New Mexico - $34,000 Research and Survey of Hawikku Battlefield The Pueblo of Zuni plans to investigate the site of the Battle of Hawikku through archeology and archival research. The project will help identify areas of military engagement between a Spanish expedition led by Francisco Vasquez de Coronado and Zuni Indian warriors that occurred in 1540. The Pueblo of Zuni will be working with the New Mexico Laboratory of Anthropology and the Zuni community's A:Shiwi A:Wan Museum and Heritage Center to develop interpretive exhibits to inform the public about the battle and the need to preserve the site. - Dr. Jonathan Damp. Pueblo of Zuni Historic Preservation Office, P.O. Box 339, Zuni, NM 87327, (505) 782-4814.

Rutherford County Historical Society - North Carolina - $5,000 Gilbertown National Register Nomination The Rutherford County Historical Society, working with private land owners, Rutherford County Rails to Trails, the Overmountain Victory Trail Association, and the National Park Service, will define the boundaries of the historic Revolutionary War era town and encampment and hospital sites associated with the battles of Cowpens and Kings Mountain and nominate the site to the National Register of Historic Places. The project will help determine to what extent Gilbertown may be affected by a proposed highway bypass around Rutherfordtown, North Carolina. - William J. Byres, Rutherford County Historical Society, P.O. Box 1044, Rutherfordton. NC 28139. (828) 287-1284.

See 2002 Grants , page 7

Battlefield Update 5

RECENTLY COMPLETED ABPP PROJECTS AND OTHER RELEASES

Bentonville Battlegrounds GPS Mapping Project - The Bentonville Battlefield Historical Association of Newton Grove. North Carolina, in cooperation with the National Park Service Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems (CRGIS) unit, produced a report with detailed maps of the Bentonville Battlefield, using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to locate extant resources relating to the 1865 battle. For more information on this report contact the Bentonville Battlefield Historical Association, P.O. Box 432, Newton Grove, NC 28366, or NPS-CRGIS, 1849 C Street, NW (2265), Washington, DC 20240. 42 pages.

No Danger of Surrender: An Historical Archeological Perspective of the Civil War Battle of Wilson's Wharf, Charles City County, Virginia - Produced by the Center for Archeological Research of the College of William and Mary, the report details the results of archival research and an archeological survey of military action that occurred from October 23 to November 4. 1864 at the site of Fort Pocahontas in Charles City County, Virginia. For more information, contact the College of William and Mary Center for Archeological Research. P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187-2564. 82 pages.

Albany Conference, from page 1

with a closing banquet with the reading of official greet­ings from Gov. George Pataki. Susan West Montgomery, of Preservation Action. Inc.. our guest speaker, addressed var­ious aspects of historic preservation initiatives.

Post-conference activities included the choice of a tour of Fort Montgomery or attending another offering of the ABPP grants workshop.

The staff of the ABPP would like to thank all of those who helped to arrange, participated in, or attended the Albany conference. Our special recognition goes to our partners, the Civil War Preservation Trust for all their assistance. As the ABPP now begins to plan for the next conference, read­ers of Battlefield Update are encouraged to submit sugges­tions on what should be offered at the 2004 conference in Nashville, Tennessee. Please send all suggestions to Kristen Stevens of the ABPP, 1849 C Street NW, (2255), Washington, D.C. 20240, telephone (202) 354-2037, or e-mail Kristen_Stevens@nps.gov.

Survey of Shipwrecks at Fort Fisher and Interpretive Plan Development - Produced by the East Carolina University, Department of Archeology, the report provided the findings of a two-phase underwater archeology project that surveyed the sites of Civil War shipwrecks associated with the Battle of Fort Fisher, accompanied by a plan to interpret the site. For more information, contact East Carolina University, Department of Archeology, 125 Ragsdale Building, Greenville, NC 27858. 162 pages.

The Red River War: Battle Sites Project, Phase 2 -Produced by the Friends of the Texas Historical Commission in cooperation with the Archeology Division of the Texas Historical Commission. This report details the findings of archival research and archeological surveys in locating the sites of the 1874 battles of Red River and Sweetwater Creek. For more information, contact Friends of the Texas Historical Commission, P.O. Box 13497, Austin, TX 78711.75 pages.

Preservation Study of Fort Henry and Associated Sites -Produced by Land Between the Lakes Association, this study identifies and recommends preservation strategies for sites associated with the Civil War campaign to capture Forts Henry and Donelson in 1862. For more information contact Land Between the Lakes, 100 Van Morgan drive, Golden Pond, KY 42211. 171 pages.

Price's Invasion of Missouri 1864 and The Battle of Mine Creek, Kansas October 25, 1864 - Produced by the Mine Creek Battlefield Association in cooperation with Mine Creek Battlefield Kansas Historic Site, the brochure inter­prets the 1864 campaign that culminated in the Battle of Mine Creek and encourages public interest in battlefield preservation. For more information, contact Mine Creek Battlefield Association. 816 East National Avenue, Fort Scott, KS 66701.

Glorieta National Battlefield - Restoring Hallowed Ground - National Parks and Conservation Association produced this colorful brochure to interpret the Civil War battle of Glorieta Pass, as well as educate the public on the benefits of restoring the battlefield to its 1862 appearance. For more information, contact National Parks and Conservation Association. 1776 Massachusetts Avenue NW. Washington, DC 20036.

See ABP Projects, page 9

6 Battlefield Update

2002 Grants, from page 5

Shenandoah County - Virginia - $50,000 Preservation Plan for Fisher's Hill and Tom's Brook The Shenandoah County government, working with Shenandoah Valley Battlefields Foundation and private landowners, will determine the most appropriate preserva­tion strategies and priorities for the Fisher's Hill and Tom's Brook battlefields. By implementing the recommendations set forth in the National Historic District Management Plan, local governments and preservationists hope to enhance Civil War educational and heritage tourism initia­tives in the Valley. - Vincent Poling. Shenandoah County Government. 600 North Main Street. Suite 102. Woodstock, VA 22664, (540) 459-6165.

Warren County Historical Society - New York - $22,000 Mapping the Colonial Military Road The Colonial Military Road was a vital route of communi­cation and supply between Lake Champlain and Hudson River Valley during both the French and Indian War and the Revolutionary War. The project will help identify areas of military engagements from both conflicts using comput­er mapping technology, historic maps and journals, and land records. Important places along the road include Forts Amherst, George. Gage and William Henry, and the sites of the Battles of Bloody Morning Scout and Bloody Pond. The Historical Society also hopes the project will deter­mine the road's eligibility for National Historic Landmark status. - Dr. Marilyn J. VanDyke, Warren County Historical Society. P.O. Box 769, Lake George, NY 12845-0769. (518)743-0734.

White Mountain Apache Tribe - Arizona - $24,000 Cibecue Battlefield Research and National Register Nomination The Tribe plans to research the site of the Battle of Cibecue, which marked the final Apache resistance to Federal control at the Fort Apache Reservation in 1881. The Tribe will combine Apache oral traditions and histori­cal perspectives with non-Indian sources to prepare a National Register of Historic Places nomination for the battlefield. Educational and heritage tourism initiatives will also be explored. - Dr. John Welch. White Mountain Apache Tribal Historic Preservation Officer, P.O. Box 700. Whiteriver AZ 85941, (928) 338-3033.

Partners in Parks - Texas, Missouri, Pennsylvania -$25,502 Battlefield Internships Partners in Parks will recruit and manage four interns, who will be supervised by National Park Service personnel, for

NEW ABPP OFFICE DIRECTORY

The American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) office has moved into its new location. New staff tele­phone numbers are as follows:

Paul Hawke, Chief, (202) 354-2023 Tanya Gossett, Preservation Planner, (202) 354-2019 Jerry Palushock. Database Manager, (202) 354-2018 Kristen Stevens. Archeologist, (202) 354-2037 Glenn Williams. Historian, (202) 354-2036

Fax (202)371-1616

The location of our new offices and the address for deliv­ery service (commercial - e.g., FedEx, UPS, etc., and USPS Express Mail) is:

American Battlefield Protection Program National Park Service 1201 I ("Eye") Street, NW (2255) Washington, DC 20005

All United States Postal Service (USPS) regular mail must be addressed to:

American Battlefield Protection Program National Park Service Department of the Interior 1849 C Street, NW (2255) Washington, D.C. 20240-0001

Please be sure to update your records. We hope the changes cause no inconvenience in your correspondence with the ABPP. and we look forward to serving you from our new location.

a variety of projects on three battlefields. One will compile a cultural resources catalog that will be used to develop a resource map for Resaca de la Palma battlefield in Texas (in tandem with City of Brownsville grant noted above). One intern will revise a National Register of Historic Places nomination for the Newtonia battlefield in Missouri. Two interns will conduct archival research along the trace of the colonial military road built as part of the Braddock expedition in Pennsylvania during the French and Indian War. - Sarah Bishop. Partners in Parks, P.O. Box 130, Paonia. CO 81428, (970) 527-6691.

Battlefield Update 7

CONGRESS PASSES CIVIL WAR BATTLEFIELD PRESERVATION ACT

The Civil War Battlefield Preservation Act of 2002 easily passed both houses of Congress with overwhelming sup­port, and has been sent to President George W. Bush to be signed into law. This legislation will help protect thousands of acres of historic land that would otherwise have been lost to development and sprawl by authorizing $10 million a year to preserve endangered Civil War battlefields out­side of National Park Service (NPS) boundaries through 2008. The Civil War Battlefield Preservation Act officially authorizes a matching grant program funded by Congress in the fiscal 1999 and 2002 Interior Appropriations bills. Since its creation, the program has helped protect nearly 5.000 acres of historic battlefield land in 12 states, includ­ing key parcels at Antietam in Maryland; Champion Hill in Mississippi; Malvern Hill and Manassas in Virginia; and Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. Another important provision of the bill requires a review of the progress made, and an evaluation of conditions and priorities that may have changed since the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission's (CWSAC) 1993 Report on the Nation's Civil War Battlefields. The American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) competitively awards grants from the program. By requiring matching funds, the program gets both the public and private sector actively involved in saving battlefield land.

The bill was introduced in the House of Representatives as H.R. 5125 by Congressman Gary G. Miller (R-CA) and cosponsored by a bipartisan group of ten House members in July. In his remarks from the House floor. Congressman Miller noted the educational benefits of protecting battle­field land, stating: "I believe by preserving history we teach future generations not only where we are from, but also what we are about, and where we are heading. These battlefields are living classrooms to remind future genera­tions of our national history." The bill passed the U.S. House of Representatives on October 1, 2002. by unani­mous consent.

Senators Paul Sarbanes (D-MD). Jeff Sessions (R-AL). and James Jeffords (I-VT) introduced a companion bill, S. 2968. in the Senate on September 19. Sarbanes said the bill was "an important opportunity to maintain and preserve tangible links to our past so that future generations may

experience firsthand this most critical moment in our nation's history." With bipartisan support, as in the House the U.S. Senate passed the bill by unanimous consent on November 19. Since the House and Senate bills are identi­cal, no conference agreement is necessary and the non-con­troversial bill now heads to the President for his expected signature.

Actual availability of the funds will not be determined until the corresponding appropriation legislation has passed both houses of Congress and been signed into law.

ONLINE ABPP 2003 GRANT APPLICATION

The American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) has released its guidelines and application forms for 2003 bat­tlefield project grants online. Visit the ABPP website at www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/2003grants.htm for details and downloads. Those on the mailing list for Battlefield Update will continue to receive a hard copy of the application and guidelines in the mail.

The ABPP invites Federal, tribal, state, and local govern­ments as well as private-sector organizations to submit applications for the protection of battlefields, and their associated sites, that are located on American soil. The pur­pose of this grant program is to provide seed money for projects that lead directly to the preservation of battlefield land and/or their associated sites. In recent years grants have averaged about $25,000 per award.

Applications sent through the United States Postal Service (USPS), including Priority Mail, must be postmarked by Thursday, January 2, 2003. Applications sent by commer­cial express delivery service (FedEx, UPS. etc.) or hand-delivered by the applicant must be received in the ABPP office by 4:30 p.m., Thursday. January 9. 2003.

The ABPP encourages potential applicants to contact the ABPP staff and discuss proposed projects before preparing an application. Contact the ABPP Grants Manager. Glenn Williams, by e-mail at Glenn_Williams@nps.gov or by telephone at (202) 354-2036 for more information.

8 Battlefield Update

ABP PROJECTS, from page 6

Battle of Richmond Preservation and Management Plan - Produced by the Madison County Historical Society, in cooperation with the Richmond Chamber of Commerce and Madison County Civil War Roundtable. the prod­uct is a comprehensive plan for the acquisition, preservation and interpreta­tion of the site of the 1862 Civil War battle of Richmond. Kentucky. For more information, contact the Madison County Historical Society, P.O. Box 5066. Richmond, KY 40476. 105 pages.

Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Report of Fort Hill, City of Peekskill, Westchester County, New York - Produced by the City of Peekskill. Department of Planning and Development, this report details archival research and the results of an archeological reconnaissance survey on the site of a Revolutionary War fortification, and scene of a battle in March 1777. For more information, contact the City of Peekskill. Department of Planning & Development. Peekskill. NY 10566. Pages are unnumbered.

1862 Maryland Campaign Brochure - Produced by the Save Historic Antietam Foundation, this brochure interprets the campaign of General Robert E. Lee's first invasion of the North that culminated in the battle of Antietam near Sharpsburg. Maryland, and informs the public about the importance of historic preservation. For more information contact Save Historic Antietam Foundation, P.O. Box 550. Sharpsburg. MD 21756.

Submerged Cultural Resources Survey of Kane'ohe Bay - Produced by the University of Hawaii Maritime Archeology and History Department, this report details the finding of archeological resources in Kane'ohe Bay. includ­ing the wreckage of U.S. Navy PBY (patrol bomber) "flying boat" aircraft from the December 7. 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, at the site of the seaplane ramp of Kane'ohe Naval Air Station. For more information, contact University of Hawaii Department of Archeology. 2530 Dole Street. Sakamaki D200. Honolulu. HI 96822. 86 pages.

Protecting Valley Battlefields and Historic Lands: A Landowner's Guide - Produced by the Valley Conservation Council, this publication promotes private voluntary measures for protecting Civil War battle­fields in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. For more information, contact, Valley Conservation Council. P.O. Box 2335, 19 Barristers Row. Staunton. VA 24402. 60 pages.

Cover photographed by John Heatwolc.

BATTLEFIELD UPDATE

Published by the National Park Service

Fran P. Mainella Director

Katherine H. Stevenson Associate Director. Cultural Resources

John Robbins Manager,

National Center for Cultural Resources

Paul Hawke Chief. American Battlefield

Protection Program

Glenn F. Williams Editor

Janice C. McCoy McCoy Publishing Sendees

Jerry Buekbinder Production Manager

Battlefield Update is published quarterly and is available free of charge. Please send arti­

cles, news items, and correspondence to the address below or electronically to

Glenn _Williams(p,nps.go\

American Battlefield Protection Program Heritage Preservation Services

National Park Service 1849 C Street. NW( 2255)

Washington. DC 20240-0001 PHONE (202) 354-2036

FAX (202) 371-1616

For more information about the American Battlefield Protection Program

visit us on-line at www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp

Regulations of the U.S. Department of the Interior dried) prohibit unlawful discrimination in departmental Federally Assisted Programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, or disability. Any person who believes he or she has been discriminated against in any program operated by a recipient of Federal assistance should write to: Director. Fqual Opportunity Program. U.S. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. 1849 C Street. NW. Washington. DC 20240.

Battlefield Update 9

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The Atlanta Campaign began on May 8-9, 1864, with 165,000 men on the field. The United States Armies under the command of Major General William Tecumseh Sherman curved in a line from north of the ridge, south and west, to below Mill Creek Gap. Strong stone and earth works protected General Joseph E. Johnston's Confederate forces on the ridge. After unsuccessful attacks on the ridge and at Dug Gap, Sherman ordered the first of his success­ful flanking movements, moving south down what is now the general area of Interstate 75. The campaign ended with the fall of Atlanta on September 3, 1864. The decisive mil­itary victory influenced the nation's political climate, and President Lincoln was reelected in the fall.

The critical factors that made this project a success includ­ed the decisions by the county and city governments, led by County Chairman Mike Babb and Dalton Mayor Ray Elrod. to pool $472,000 of their Greenspace Funds - with the goal of preserving their Civil War heritage and protect­ing their open space and natural habitat - to match 2-1 the $257,000 grant from the Land and Water Conservation

Fund (LWCF). A grant from the Community Foundation of $41,000 completed the match. The project is the largest land conservation project in the area's Heritage Tourism Initiative, spearheaded by the Dalton/Whitfield Chamber of Commerce, George Woodward, President/CEO. The Initiative also includes the Chamber's publication, with The Conservation Fund, A Guide to the Atlanta Campaign. The Guide, available through the Chamber, was supported by a grant from the American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) and includes an introduction by National Park Service Historian Emeritus Ed Bearss, accounts of the battles by William R. Scaife, and full-color battle maps.

After the purchase, Frances Kennedy said, "The vision of these community leaders in realizing the importance of this historic ridge to the nation and their dedication to preserv­ing their community's heritage and linking it to the area's economic future is a model for others."

The Conservation Fund and its partners have completed 70 battlefield preservation projects, preserving more than 7,200 acres of America's hallowed ground.

www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/