bct8_ppt10in.ppt
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© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 1
Finding, Evaluating, Finding, Evaluating, and Processing and Processing
InformationInformation
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 2
The Research The Research ProcessProcess
1. Make a Research Plan1. Make a Research Plan
2. Find Data/Information2. Find Data/Information
3. Process Data/Information3. Process Data/Information
4. Apply Your Findings4. Apply Your Findings
5. Manage the Information 5. Manage the Information
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 3
Plan Your ResearchPlan Your Research
Learn About the SubjectLearn About the SubjectLearn About the SubjectLearn About the Subject
Target Information GapsTarget Information GapsTarget Information GapsTarget Information Gaps
Prioritize Research NeedsPrioritize Research NeedsPrioritize Research NeedsPrioritize Research Needs
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 4
Ethics and Etiquette in Ethics and Etiquette in Business ResearchBusiness Research
DocumentDocumentSourcesSources
DocumentDocumentSourcesSources
RespectRespectProperty RightsProperty Rights
RespectRespectProperty RightsProperty Rights
Don’t Don’t MisquoteMisquote
Don’t Don’t MisquoteMisquote
Don’t SkewDon’t SkewResultsResults
Don’t SkewDon’t SkewResultsResults
RespectRespectPrivacy RightsPrivacy Rights
RespectRespectPrivacy RightsPrivacy Rights
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 5
Learn About the Learn About the SubjectSubject
Industry PublicationsIndustry Publications
Competitors’ WebsitesCompetitors’ Websites
Interviews with ExpertsInterviews with Experts
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 6
Information Gap Information Gap AnalysisAnalysis
1. Clarify the decision or conclusion
2. Identify subquestions
3. Clarify information requirements
4. Locate existing information
5. Assess the information gap
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 7
Data and Data and
InformationInformation
Primary Primary ResearchResearchPrimary Primary ResearchResearch
Secondary Secondary ResearchResearch
Secondary Secondary ResearchResearch
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 8
Purpose ofPurpose ofthe Materialthe Material
IndependentIndependentVerificationVerification
Logic andLogic andGood SenseGood Sense
Honesty andHonesty andReliabilityReliability
The Author’sThe Author’sCredibilityCredibility
TimelinessTimeliness
PotentialPotentialBiasBias
Sources ofSources ofInformation Information
CompletenessCompleteness
Evaluating SourcesEvaluating Sources
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 9
Secondary ResearchSecondary Research
A Specific CompanyA Specific Company
An Entire IndustryAn Entire Industry
Statistics and TrendsStatistics and Trends
Business IssuesBusiness Issues
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 10
Finding Information Finding Information at the Libraryat the Library
BusinessBusinessBooksBooks
BusinessBusinessBooksBooks
ElectronicElectronicDatabasesDatabasesElectronicElectronicDatabasesDatabases NewspapersNewspapersNewspapersNewspapers PeriodicalsPeriodicalsPeriodicalsPeriodicals
DirectoriesDirectoriesDirectoriesDirectories AlmanacsAlmanacsAlmanacsAlmanacs StatisticalStatisticalResourcesResourcesStatisticalStatisticalResourcesResources
GovernmentGovernmentPublicationsPublications
GovernmentGovernmentPublicationsPublications
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 11
Online Online InformationInformation
The InternetThe InternetPublic LibraryPublic Library
Company Company WebsitesWebsites
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 12
Internet Search Internet Search ToolsTools
Search EnginesSearch EnginesSearch EnginesSearch Engines
WebWebDirectoriesDirectories
WebWebDirectoriesDirectories
Meta-SearchMeta-SearchEnginesEngines
Meta-SearchMeta-SearchEnginesEngines
OnlineOnlineDatabasesDatabases
OnlineOnlineDatabasesDatabases
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 13
Search Search TechniquesTechniques
Keyword SearchesKeyword Searches
Boolean OperatorsBoolean Operators
Natural LanguageNatural Language
Forms-Based SearchesForms-Based Searches
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 14
Fine-Tune Search Fine-Tune Search
MethodsMethods
Review Your OptionsReview Your OptionsReview Your OptionsReview Your Options
Adjust Search ScopeAdjust Search ScopeAdjust Search ScopeAdjust Search Scope
Read the InstructionsRead the InstructionsRead the InstructionsRead the Instructions
Vary the Search TermsVary the Search TermsVary the Search TermsVary the Search Terms
Employ Search AgentsEmploy Search AgentsEmploy Search AgentsEmploy Search Agents
Understand the DetailsUnderstand the DetailsUnderstand the DetailsUnderstand the Details
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 15
Documenting Documenting SourcesSources
DirectQuotes
ParaphrasedMaterial
CommonKnowledge
CopyrightLaw
SpecializedKnowledge
Fair UseDoctrine
Credit Your SourcesCredit Your SourcesCredit Your SourcesCredit Your Sources
Help Your ReadersHelp Your ReadersHelp Your ReadersHelp Your Readers
Build Your CredibilityBuild Your CredibilityBuild Your CredibilityBuild Your Credibility
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 16
Primary InformationPrimary Information
• Surveys
• Interviews
• Experiments
• Observations
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 17
Survey QuestionsSurvey Questions
Ask Easy-to-AnalyzeAsk Easy-to-AnalyzeQuestionsQuestions
Ask Easy-to-AnalyzeAsk Easy-to-AnalyzeQuestionsQuestions
Pretest AllPretest AllQuestionsQuestions
Pretest AllPretest AllQuestionsQuestions
Avoid LeadingAvoid LeadingQuestionsQuestions
Avoid LeadingAvoid LeadingQuestionsQuestions
Ask One ThingAsk One ThingAt a TimeAt a Time
Ask One ThingAsk One ThingAt a TimeAt a Time
Relia
bility
Validity
Keep the Questionnaire Short
Provide Clear Instructions
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 18
Effective InterviewsEffective Interviews
General PurposeGeneral PurposeGeneral PurposeGeneral Purpose
Collect InformationCollect Information
Make DecisionsMake Decisions
Clarify IssuesClarify Issues
Overall StructureOverall StructureOverall StructureOverall Structure
Length and DepthLength and Depth
Stylistic IssuesStylistic Issues
OrganizationOrganization
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 19
Types of QuestionsTypes of Questions
Open-EndedOpen-EndedDirect
Open-EndedDirect
Open-Ended RestatementRestatement Close-EndedClose-Ended
Information Quality
Interviewer Control
More
MoreLess
Less
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 20
Preparing QuestionsPreparing Questions
Think AboutThink AboutSequenceSequence
Think AboutThink AboutSequenceSequence
Mix Types ofMix Types ofQuestionsQuestions
Mix Types ofMix Types ofQuestionsQuestions
Ask SmartAsk SmartQuestionsQuestions
Ask SmartAsk SmartQuestionsQuestions
EditEditQuestionsQuestions
EditEditQuestionsQuestions
Rate theRate theQuestionsQuestions
Rate theRate theQuestionsQuestions
Limit NumberLimit Numberof Questionsof Questions
Limit NumberLimit Numberof Questionsof Questions
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 21
Processing Processing Data and InformationData and Information
Quoting
Paraphrasing
Summarizing
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 22
Analyzing Analyzing the Datathe Data
Mean, Median, Mean, Median, and Modeand Mode
Overall TrendsOverall Trends
Cause Cause and Correlationand Correlation
Cross-TabulationCross-Tabulation
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 23
Minimize Mistakes Minimize Mistakes and Misinterpretationsand Misinterpretations
Avoid FaultyAvoid FaultyComparisonsComparisons
Don’t PushDon’t PushResearch ResultsResearch Results
Avoid MisleadingAvoid MisleadingPresentationsPresentations
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 24
Applying Your FindingsApplying Your Findings
Unbiased SummaryUnbiased SummaryUnbiased SummaryUnbiased Summary
Feasible Feasible RecommendationsRecommendations
Feasible Feasible RecommendationsRecommendations
Logical ConclusionLogical ConclusionLogical ConclusionLogical Conclusion
© Prentice Hall, 2005 Business Communication Today 8e Chapter 10 - 25
Knowledge Knowledge
ManagementManagement
InformationInformationInformationInformation
ExperiencesExperiencesExperiencesExperiences
InsightsInsightsInsightsInsights
ResearchResearchResearchResearch