11

Beaches Communities

Hurricane Preparedness

Training

“Spring of 2006”

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General InformationGeneral Information

Hurricanes are devastating powerhouses of Hurricanes are devastating powerhouses of wind, rain, and surf.wind, rain, and surf. Wind gust can reach 200 mph.Wind gust can reach 200 mph. Can bring 6 to 12 inches of rainfall.Can bring 6 to 12 inches of rainfall. Storm surge can lift the ocean 15-24 feet or more Storm surge can lift the ocean 15-24 feet or more

above main sea level, with additional wave action.above main sea level, with additional wave action. Tornadoes are likely.Tornadoes are likely. Loss of power and communication abilities likely.Loss of power and communication abilities likely.

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Formation of a HurricaneFormation of a Hurricane The ingredients for a hurricane  The ingredients for a hurricane 

include a pre-existing weather include a pre-existing weather disturbance, warm tropical disturbance, warm tropical oceans, moisture, and relatively oceans, moisture, and relatively light winds aloft. light winds aloft.

A hurricane is a type of tropical A hurricane is a type of tropical cyclone, which is a generic term cyclone, which is a generic term for a low pressure system that for a low pressure system that generally forms in the tropics. generally forms in the tropics. The cyclone is accompanied by The cyclone is accompanied by thunderstorms and, in the thunderstorms and, in the Northern Hemisphere, a Northern Hemisphere, a counterclockwise circulation of counterclockwise circulation of winds near the earth's surface. winds near the earth's surface.

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Hurricane FormationHurricane FormationThe process by which a tropical The process by which a tropical cyclone forms and subsequently cyclone forms and subsequently strengthens into a hurricane strengthens into a hurricane depends on at least three depends on at least three conditions shown in the figure conditions shown in the figure belowbelow

A pre-existing disturbance A pre-existing disturbance with with thunderstorms. thunderstorms.

Warm (at least 80ºF) ocean Warm (at least 80ºF) ocean temperaturestemperatures to a depth of about to a depth of about 150 feet. 150 feet.

Light upper level winds Light upper level winds that do that do not change much in direction and not change much in direction and speed throughout the depth of the speed throughout the depth of the atmosphere (low wind shear). atmosphere (low wind shear).

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Hurricane AnatomyHurricane AnatomyThe main parts of a hurricane (shown below) are the rainbands on its outer edges, The main parts of a hurricane (shown below) are the rainbands on its outer edges, the eye, and the eyewall. Air spirals in toward the center in a counter-clockwise the eye, and the eyewall. Air spirals in toward the center in a counter-clockwise pattern, and out the top in the opposite direction. In the very center of the storm, air pattern, and out the top in the opposite direction. In the very center of the storm, air sinks, forming the cloud-free eye.sinks, forming the cloud-free eye.

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Tropical Depression: An organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds* of 38 mph (33 knt**) or less

Tropical Storm: An organized system of strong thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 39-73 mph (34-63 knt)

Hurricane: An intense tropical weather system of strong thunderstorms with a well-defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 74 mph (64 knt) or higher

Hurricane TerminologyHurricane Terminology

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Continued Hurricane Continued Hurricane InformationInformation

Just as many factors contribute to the birth of a Just as many factors contribute to the birth of a hurricane, there are many reasons why a hurricane hurricane, there are many reasons why a hurricane begins to decay. Wind shear can tear the hurricane begins to decay. Wind shear can tear the hurricane apart. Moving over cooler water or drier areas can apart. Moving over cooler water or drier areas can lead to weakening as well. Landfall typically shuts lead to weakening as well. Landfall typically shuts off the hurricane's main moisture source, and the off the hurricane's main moisture source, and the surface circulation can be reduced by friction when it surface circulation can be reduced by friction when it passes over land. passes over land.

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Hurricane: TerminologyHurricane: Terminology

Tropical Storm Watch:Tropical Storm Watch: An alert given when a tropical storm ( wind An alert given when a tropical storm ( wind speeds of 39-73 mph) poses a threat to a specific area within 36 hours.speeds of 39-73 mph) poses a threat to a specific area within 36 hours.

Tropical Storm Warning:Tropical Storm Warning: An alert given when a tropical storm poses a An alert given when a tropical storm poses a threat to a specific coastal area within 24 hours.threat to a specific coastal area within 24 hours.

Hurricane Watch:Hurricane Watch: An announcement for specific coastal areas that An announcement for specific coastal areas that hurricane conditions are possible within 36 hours.hurricane conditions are possible within 36 hours.

Hurricane Warning:Hurricane Warning: A warning that sustained winds of 74 mph or A warning that sustained winds of 74 mph or higher associated with a hurricane are expected in a specified coastal area higher associated with a hurricane are expected in a specified coastal area within 24 hours or less.within 24 hours or less.

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Saffir-Simpson Hurricane ScaleSaffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale The scale below categorizes storms based on sustained The scale below categorizes storms based on sustained

wind speeds.wind speeds.Cat storm WindsCat storm Winds Surge (FT) Example Surge (FT) Example

Category 1: 74-95 MPH Category 1: 74-95 MPH 4-5 4-5 Irene 1999Irene 1999

Category 2: 96-110 MPHCategory 2: 96-110 MPH 6-8 6-8 Floyd 1999Floyd 1999

Category 3: 111-130 MPHCategory 3: 111-130 MPH 9-12 9-12 Alicia 1993 Alicia 1993

Category 4: 131-155 MPHCategory 4: 131-155 MPH 13-19 13-19 Hugo 1989 Hugo 1989

Category 5: Greater than155 MPH 19+Category 5: Greater than155 MPH 19+ Andrew 1992 Andrew 1992

Surge Indicator PolesSurge Indicator Poles, located in each community indicate the maximum , located in each community indicate the maximum expected surge per category. Cat-1 red, Cat -2 orange, Cat-3 yellow,expected surge per category. Cat-1 red, Cat -2 orange, Cat-3 yellow,

Cat-4 green, and Cat-5 purple. Cat-4 green, and Cat-5 purple.

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Hurricane: Storms SurgeHurricane: Storms Surge Storm surge is simply water that is pushed toward the shore by Storm surge is simply water that is pushed toward the shore by

the force of the winds swirling around the storm. This the force of the winds swirling around the storm. This advancing surge combines with the normal tides to create the advancing surge combines with the normal tides to create the hurricane storm tide. hurricane storm tide.

In addition, wind driven waves are superimposed on the storm In addition, wind driven waves are superimposed on the storm tide. This rise in water level can cause severe flooding in tide. This rise in water level can cause severe flooding in coastal areas, particularly when the storm tide coincides with coastal areas, particularly when the storm tide coincides with the normal high tides. Because much of the Atlantic coastline the normal high tides. Because much of the Atlantic coastline is less than 10 feet above mean sea level, the danger from is less than 10 feet above mean sea level, the danger from storm tides is tremendous. Waves may reach 20 feet.storm tides is tremendous. Waves may reach 20 feet.

The level of surge in a particular area is also determined by the The level of surge in a particular area is also determined by the slope of the continental shelf. A shallow slope such as the our slope of the continental shelf. A shallow slope such as the our area, allows a greater surge to inundate coastal communities., area, allows a greater surge to inundate coastal communities., although large breaking waves can still present major although large breaking waves can still present major problems. problems.

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Hurricane: Storm SurgeHurricane: Storm Surge

During Katrina, debris line was recorded at 12 ft. 5 miles inland.During Katrina, debris line was recorded at 12 ft. 5 miles inland.

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Hurricane: Flooding ProblemsHurricane: Flooding Problems

Typically 6-12 inches of rainfall produced.Typically 6-12 inches of rainfall produced. Drowning is the #1 cause of deaths related to Drowning is the #1 cause of deaths related to

hurricanes. hurricanes. 59% of children killed by hurricanes 59% of children killed by hurricanes

drowned in freshwater flooding.drowned in freshwater flooding. 23% of all victims drowned while trying to 23% of all victims drowned while trying to

abandon their vehicles.abandon their vehicles. Will be a significant inland problem.Will be a significant inland problem.

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Flooding from Hurricane FrancesFlooding from Hurricane Frances

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Hurricane: TornadoesHurricane: Tornadoes Most hurricanes produce tornadoes. They occur in Most hurricanes produce tornadoes. They occur in

thunderstorms embedded in the rain-bands.thunderstorms embedded in the rain-bands.

WeakWeak Moderate Moderate Strong Strong

less 110 MPHless 110 MPH 110-205 MPH110-205 MPH 205 MPH+ 205 MPH+

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Category 1 & 2Category 1 & 2(Minimal to moderate damage)(Minimal to moderate damage)

Possible outcomesPossible outcomes Wind damage Wind damage

• Substandard structuresSubstandard structures• Signs, trees, power linesSigns, trees, power lines

Significant damageSignificant damage• PierPier• Marina & boatsMarina & boats• Waterfront propertyWaterfront property• FloodingFlooding• Structural damage to homes Structural damage to homes

and businessesand businesses• Barrier islandsBarrier islands

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Category 3, 4, & 5Category 3, 4, & 5(Extensive/catastrophic damage)(Extensive/catastrophic damage)

Possible outcomesPossible outcomes Many complete building failures and marinas/boats Many complete building failures and marinas/boats

destroyed.destroyed. Failure of communications (Telephone, cell phones, Failure of communications (Telephone, cell phones,

radios).radios). Extensive damage to city infrastructure (power, water, Extensive damage to city infrastructure (power, water,

sewer). sewer). Bridges destroyed.Bridges destroyed. Severe flooding.Severe flooding. Roadways covered with sand, washed out and not passable.Roadways covered with sand, washed out and not passable. Potential loss of life.Potential loss of life. Disruption of government services.Disruption of government services.

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CHARLEYCHARLEY: Landfall August 13: Landfall August 13thth, Cat 4-138 MPH, , Cat 4-138 MPH, Punta Gorda Punta Gorda

Claimed 22 lives, $6.8 Billion US damagesClaimed 22 lives, $6.8 Billion US damages

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JEANNEJEANNE: Landfall Sept 25th, Cat 3-120 MPH, south end of : Landfall Sept 25th, Cat 3-120 MPH, south end of Hutchinson Island in Martin County Hutchinson Island in Martin County

Claimed 6 deaths in Florida $6.2 Billion US damagesClaimed 6 deaths in Florida $6.2 Billion US damages

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Hurricane Jeanne, Local DamageHurricane Jeanne, Local Damage(Tropical force winds)(Tropical force winds)

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FRANCESFRANCES: Landfall Sept 5th, Cat 2-105 MPH, north of : Landfall Sept 5th, Cat 2-105 MPH, north of Stuart in Martin County Stuart in Martin County

Claimed 15 lives $2.5 Billion US damagesClaimed 15 lives $2.5 Billion US damages

2121Hurricane Frances Local DamageHurricane Frances Local Damage

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Hurricane Frances Damage LocallyHurricane Frances Damage Locally

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Hurricane FrancesHurricane FrancesCategory 2Category 2

2424Hurricane FrancesHurricane Frances

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Hurricane Frances FloodingHurricane Frances Flooding

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Hurricane Frances, AftermathHurricane Frances, Aftermath

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Hurricane IVAN:Hurricane IVAN: Sept 16th, Cat 3-130 MPH, landfall Sept 16th, Cat 3-130 MPH, landfall near Gulf Shores, Alabama and Escambia County near Gulf Shores, Alabama and Escambia County Florida. Claimed 60 lives, largest hurricane of the 2004 Florida. Claimed 60 lives, largest hurricane of the 2004 season.season.

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The 2005 Hurricane SeasonThe 2005 Hurricane Season 28 named storms28 named storms 15 hurricanes, 7 landfalls , 104 Billion damage, 1400 15 hurricanes, 7 landfalls , 104 Billion damage, 1400

lives lost.lives lost. 3 cat 5 storms Katrina, Rita, and Wilma3 cat 5 storms Katrina, Rita, and Wilma Hurricane KatrinaHurricane Katrina was the costliest (80 billion), and was the costliest (80 billion), and

one of the deadliest one of the deadliest hurricaneshurricanes in in AmericanAmerican history history (over 1300 lives lost). It was the eleventh named (over 1300 lives lost). It was the eleventh named storm, fifth hurricane, third major hurricane, and storm, fifth hurricane, third major hurricane, and second second Category 5 hurricaneCategory 5 hurricane of the of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season2005 Atlantic hurricane season, and was the sixth-, and was the sixth-strongest strongest Atlantic hurricaneAtlantic hurricane ever recorded. ever recorded.

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Wilma in Honduras, 2005Wilma in Honduras, 2005

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Hurricane Wilma in the Keys 2005Hurricane Wilma in the Keys 2005

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Hurricane Katrina 2005Hurricane Katrina 2005Chalmette, LAChalmette, LA

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What Can We Expect in 2006What Can We Expect in 2006“Dr. William Gray”“Dr. William Gray”

The 2006 Atlantic hurricane season will be much The 2006 Atlantic hurricane season will be much more active than the average 1950-2000 season. We more active than the average 1950-2000 season. We estimate that 2006 will have about 9 hurricanes estimate that 2006 will have about 9 hurricanes (average is 5.9), 17 named storms (average is 9.6).(average is 5.9), 17 named storms (average is 9.6).

Do not expect as many US landfalls.Do not expect as many US landfalls. No El Nino conditions likely, El Nina conditions No El Nino conditions likely, El Nina conditions

may exist. may exist. We are in a period of heightened hurricane activity We are in a period of heightened hurricane activity

for next few years. (Increased Atlantic water temp, for next few years. (Increased Atlantic water temp, little El-Nino activity).little El-Nino activity).

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A Beach Community after a major A Beach Community after a major hurricane….. Preparehurricane….. Prepare

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What damage could we expect from a Cat-3 What damage could we expect from a Cat-3 hurricane force winds (115+ MPH), flooding, hurricane force winds (115+ MPH), flooding,

wave action, and possible tornadoes.wave action, and possible tornadoes.

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Preparing Your HomePreparing Your Home

Ensure you have ample insurance/flood/mold.Ensure you have ample insurance/flood/mold. Utilize shutters (metal or plywood) to protect Utilize shutters (metal or plywood) to protect

against flying debris.against flying debris. Secure all outside objects.Secure all outside objects. Unplug all electrical equipment. Store Unplug all electrical equipment. Store

equipment elevated and covered with plastic.equipment elevated and covered with plastic. Inventory property and photograph.Inventory property and photograph. Use cautions with generators (CO and Use cautions with generators (CO and

electrical issues.) electrical issues.)

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Boats Owners PreparationBoats Owners Preparation For trailerable boats:For trailerable boats:

- - Take them with you if possible.Take them with you if possible.

- Secure all equipment and tarps.- Secure all equipment and tarps.- Secure the boat if possible.- Secure the boat if possible.

Boats at a marinaBoats at a marina: : (Do not stay aboard…)(Do not stay aboard…)- If possible move to a sheltered area (gunk hole) and secure - If possible move to a sheltered area (gunk hole) and secure with multiple anchors. with multiple anchors.- If left at the dock , strip all equipment and anything that - If left at the dock , strip all equipment and anything that might blow, secure with multiple lines and pad (fenders).might blow, secure with multiple lines and pad (fenders).- Leave room for the tidal variations 5-10 ft if not a floating - Leave room for the tidal variations 5-10 ft if not a floating dock. dock.

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Pets and HurricanesPets and Hurricanes Most public emergency shelters do not allow pets because of Most public emergency shelters do not allow pets because of

health and safety regulations. Animals who assist people with health and safety regulations. Animals who assist people with disabilities are usually the disabilities are usually the onlyonly animals allowed in shelters. animals allowed in shelters. This year there will be several shelters allowing pets in Duval This year there will be several shelters allowing pets in Duval County.County.

- Take pets with- Take pets with you if possible.you if possible.

- Find a safe pet refuge ahead of - Find a safe pet refuge ahead of time.time.

- Take supply of food/water/ - Take supply of food/water/ collar collar with ID . with ID .

- Make a list of Vets and meds, - Make a list of Vets and meds, first first and kit , and recent photos. and kit , and recent photos.

- If you have to leave them, have - If you have to leave them, have food, water, and an escape route food, water, and an escape route

for for them. them.- Have a suitable travel container.- Have a suitable travel container.

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Prepare for a 3-4 day stay. Make plans to go somewhere….Prepare for a 3-4 day stay. Make plans to go somewhere…. Radio, flashlight, batteries.Radio, flashlight, batteries. First aid supplies and sanitation supplies.First aid supplies and sanitation supplies. Medications and baby supplies.Medications and baby supplies. Bottled water.Bottled water. Clothing.Clothing. Bedding.Bedding. Food, non perishable.Food, non perishable. Extra money.Extra money. Pets and supplies.Pets and supplies. Copy of important papers and documentsCopy of important papers and documents Re-entry pass (Residents can pick up at city hall)Re-entry pass (Residents can pick up at city hall)

Sample Evacuation KitSample Evacuation Kit

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General Population EvacuationGeneral Population EvacuationThe Mayor’s of Duval County announce the evacuation.The Mayor’s of Duval County announce the evacuation. All citizens should seek shelter well inland.All citizens should seek shelter well inland.

• Shelter information will be announced over radio and Shelter information will be announced over radio and TV broadcasts. The telephone book has a detailed TV broadcasts. The telephone book has a detailed section on evacuation.section on evacuation.

• Special needs Transportation available .Special needs Transportation available .• Have a destination, stay out of flood zone.Have a destination, stay out of flood zone.• There are no shelters for pets.There are no shelters for pets.• Take evacuation kit with you and fill up fuel tank on Take evacuation kit with you and fill up fuel tank on

vehicle.vehicle.• Ensure your house is secure and shuttered if possible.Ensure your house is secure and shuttered if possible.• Plan you route, however law enforcement may have to Plan you route, however law enforcement may have to

re-direct traffic to keep it flowing.re-direct traffic to keep it flowing.

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Special Needs PopulationSpecial Needs Population

Special needs is defined as those with special medical Special needs is defined as those with special medical needs( dependent on medical care, electricity for support needs( dependent on medical care, electricity for support equipment, chronic condition, or contagious condition that equipment, chronic condition, or contagious condition that requires isolation) or those that need transportation to a requires isolation) or those that need transportation to a shelter.shelter.

Residents of nursing homes or elderly housing facilities Residents of nursing homes or elderly housing facilities should check with their facility about evacuation plans. should check with their facility about evacuation plans.

Register each year in the spring with Co/Jax EOC, 3 ways.Register each year in the spring with Co/Jax EOC, 3 ways.- Telephone EOC @ 630-2472Telephone EOC @ 630-2472

- On-line at On-line at www.coj.netwww.coj.net

- At City Hall ( Pick up a Special Needs form)At City Hall ( Pick up a Special Needs form)

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After a Hurricane: What Then?After a Hurricane: What Then? Listen to media (radio and TV) for information on re-entry.Listen to media (radio and TV) for information on re-entry. Realize it will be a slow process. Be patient.Realize it will be a slow process. Be patient. Emergency operations will be coordinated with each city Emergency operations will be coordinated with each city

through the Beach Complex to Co/Jax EOC.through the Beach Complex to Co/Jax EOC. Power will usually be out. And may take days to restore. City Power will usually be out. And may take days to restore. City

Government will be trying to get water, sewer, and power Government will be trying to get water, sewer, and power restored.restored.

The first priority will be damage assessment and search The first priority will be damage assessment and search and rescue operations.and rescue operations.

Debris will be everywhere. Each city has plans for debris Debris will be everywhere. Each city has plans for debris removal.removal.

Curfew’s may be necessary.Curfew’s may be necessary.

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Re-Entry ProcessRe-Entry Process

May be days before residents are May be days before residents are allowed back due to safety.allowed back due to safety.

Re-entry Checkpoint:Re-entry Checkpoint:• Residents must show a valid Residents must show a valid

re-entry pass.re-entry pass.• Business managers/owners Business managers/owners

will be allowed back into the will be allowed back into the beach area but should have a beach area but should have a pass. pass.

• Law enforcement will Law enforcement will coordinate re-entry operations.coordinate re-entry operations.

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Local Recovery EffortsLocal Recovery Efforts For a major event, theFor a major event, the County will be dividedCounty will be divided into four into four

sections utilizing the NIMS management system and ICS. The sections utilizing the NIMS management system and ICS. The beach cities are in the Beach Complex. beach cities are in the Beach Complex.

Each beach city is responsible for directing their own recovery Each beach city is responsible for directing their own recovery efforts, however it will be coordinated through the Beach efforts, however it will be coordinated through the Beach Complex to Co/Jax EOC to utilize County, State and Federal Complex to Co/Jax EOC to utilize County, State and Federal assistance/resources.assistance/resources.

After a initial damage assessment, search/rescue efforts will be After a initial damage assessment, search/rescue efforts will be the first priority, while at the same time restoration of power, the first priority, while at the same time restoration of power, water, and sewer services.water, and sewer services.

Debris management will also be initiated early on to clear Debris management will also be initiated early on to clear major roadways.major roadways.

Recovery will be a slow process….Recovery will be a slow process….

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FEMA: What can they do?FEMA: What can they do? Federal Emergency Management Association may provide Federal Emergency Management Association may provide

assistance to victims of a disaster.assistance to victims of a disaster.

- Low interest loans.- Low interest loans.

- Those who become unemployed may receive - Those who become unemployed may receive

unemployment benefits.unemployment benefits.

- Temporary housing.- Temporary housing.

- Special Grants.- Special Grants.

- Disaster recovery centers for assistance.- Disaster recovery centers for assistance.

- For Public Assistance offer several mitigation grants.- For Public Assistance offer several mitigation grants.

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Questions/InformationQuestions/Information

We have members from each beach communities, the We have members from each beach communities, the Co/Jax EOC, and a State Insurance representative to Co/Jax EOC, and a State Insurance representative to try and answer any of your questions.try and answer any of your questions.

There is also hand out material that will give you There is also hand out material that will give you more detailed information..more detailed information..

There is a lot of hurricane preparation information on There is a lot of hurricane preparation information on the web that will assist you in making early the web that will assist you in making early preparations.preparations.

Preparations is the key. Preparations is the key.