Illinois Geologic Quadrangle MapIGQ Naperville-BT

Base map compiled by Illinois State Geological Survey from digital data (500 dpi Digital Raster Graphic) provided by the United States Geological Survey. Topography compiled 1988. Planimetry derived from imagery taken 1998 and other sources. Public Land Survey System and survey control current as of 1991. Boundaries current as of 2002.

North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)Projection: Transverse Mercator10,000-foot ticks: Illinois State Plane Coordinate system, east zone (Transverse Mercator)1,000-meter ticks: Universal Transverse Mercator grid system, zone 16

Recommended citation:Fineberg, H.D., and B.B. Curry, 2013, Bedrock Topography of Naperville Quadrangle, Du

Page County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geologic Quadrangle Map, IGQ Naperville-BT, 1:24,000.

Geology based on field work by B. Brandon Curry and Henry D. Fineberg, 2010.

Digital cartography by Jennifer E. Carrell and Jane E.J. Domier, Illinois State Geological Survey.

This research was supported in part by the U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (STATEMAP) under USGS award number G09AC00197. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government.

The Illinois State Geological Survey and the University of Illinois make no guarantee, expressed or implied, regarding the correctness of the interpretations presented in this document and accept no liability for the consequences of decisions made by others on the basis of the information presented here. The geologic interpretations are based on data that may vary with respect to accuracy of geographic location, the type and quantity of data available at each location, and the scientific and technical qualifications of the data sources. Maps or cross sections in this document are not meant to be enlarged.

IGQ Naperville-BT

BEDROCK TOPOGRAPHY OF NAPERVILLE QUADRANGLEDU PAGE COUNTY, ILLINOIS

Henry D. Fineberg and B. Brandon Curry2013

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ADJOINING QUADRANGLES1 Geneva2 West Chicago3 Lombard4 Aurora North5 Wheaton6 Aurora South7 Normantown8 Romeoville

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© 2013 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.For permission information, contact the Illinois State Geological Survey.

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Prairie Research InstituteILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Prairie Research InstituteIllinois State Geological Survey 615 East Peabody Drive Champaign, Illinois 61820-6964 (217) 244-2414http://www.isgs.illinois.edu

IntroductionBedrock topography is the surface between the base of the Quaternary glacial drift and Paleozoic bedrock. On the Naperville Quadrangle, bedrock is exposed at ground surface in a few places in the southeastern part of the quadrangle along the West Branch Du Page River and in abandoned quarries. The primary use of this map is to show (1) data point locations, (2) places where the glacial drift is thin or absent, and (3) the location of the Aurora Bedrock Valley. Deposits of sand and gravel in this bedrock valley (see cross section C–C9 in Curry and Fineberg 2012) are potential aquifers. The thickness and nature of the sand and gravel deposits have been explored by several test borings for municipal water wells, although as of yet none have been developed.

Regional Setting The bedrock surface is a significant unconformity found throughout Illinois. Below this surface in north-eastern Illinois the bedrock is more than 400,000,000 years old, and above it the sediment is less than about 500,000 years old and, in many places, less than 25,000 years old (Curry et al. 1999, Curry 2008). Most of the rock that occurs at and just below the bedrock surface was originally deposited as sediment in warm, tropical oceans during the Paleozoic Era; most of the sediment above the bedrock surface is of glacial origin and was deposited during the Quaternary Period. The bedrock surface in the Naperville Quadrangle was eroded into resistant Silurian dolomite. Drift thickness ranges from nil along southern reaches of the West Branch Du Page River valley and in nearby quarries to more than 155 feet in uplands forming the Valparaiso Morainic System east of the valley (Fineberg and Curry 2012a).

DiscussionThe most significant features of the bedrock topography of the Naperville Quadrangle are the Aurora Bed-rock Valley, a tributary of the St. Charles Bedrock Valley in Kane County (fig. 1; Curry and Seaber 1990), and portions of a major preglacial drainage divide. On the Naperville Quadrangle, the divide is manifest by areas higher than about 650 feet mean sea level (MSL) in the northeasternmost and southwestern part of the quadrangle; the remainder of the divide occurs to the east on the Wheaton, Illinois, 7.5-minute quadrangle (Herzog et al. 1994). The drainage divide separated preglacial drainage that flowed west via the St. Charles Bedrock Valley (and eventually to the Gulf of Mexico) from eastward flowing streams leading to the Great Lakes (and eventually to the North Atlantic Ocean).

Our bedrock surface contours are biased toward indicating continuous bedrock valleys as opposed to show-ing closed depressions. On upland surfaces, the relief and size of the some features warranted interpretation as closed depressions. These features likely have karstic origins and represent buried sinkholes. Although most local quarries do not reveal large solution cavities, some karstic features are known in the region such as shallow solutioned crevasses as much as 4 feet deep and 1 foot wide (Bauer et al. 1988) and larger, but filled features developed in the older Galena Group (Plotnick et al. 2009). Recently, caves have been dis-covered in the Galena Group at Lafarge North America’s North Aurora mine (Freiburg 2010) located about 3 miles west of the Naperville Quadrangle (fig. 1). The largest calcite crystal-lined caverns are about 10 feet by 10 feet wide and more than 100 feet deep (Jared Freiburg, personal communication, 2010). The caverns are structurally controlled and occur along the dominant joint orientations of approximately N45°W and N35°E. Ostensibly, the orientation and location of depressions and valley segments are likely influenced by the density and orientation of joints and other discontinuities in the bedrock.

Mapping Methods

The MSL elevations of the bedrock surface were interpreted from refractive seismic data (Heigold 1990) and from the logs of water-well drillers, engineering test borings (e.g., Landon and Kempton 1971), and de-scriptive lithologic logs and natural gamma-ray logs of the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS), (e.g., Fineberg and Curry 2012b). The locations of the water wells were verified by geologists and hydrogeolo-gists of the ISGS and the Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS). The locations of many engineering borings were verified by using aerial photographic documentation and GIS. The locations of the seismic data were estimated from topographic maps.

The MSL elevations for the bedrock surface were calculated by subtracting the thickness of unconsolidated materials from the ground surface elevation. The location and elevation of the seismic data were estimated from a topographic map by Heigold (1990). The surface elevations of water wells, engineering borings, stratigraphic borings, and gamma logs were interpolated from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from the Du Page County LiDAR using ESRI’s ArcGIS software. The LiDAR DEM had a raster grid of 3.47 feet with an accuracy of ±0.4 feet. Using ArcGIS, the bedrock surface was created with the Topo-to-Raster in-terpolation method. The contours were adjusted to honor all the data points on the final bedrock topography map.

The quality of the data used to compile the map varies from very good to excellent. The engineering and stratigraphic data are of excellent quality; their locations are well documented, and they have detailed descriptive logs. Water-well logs are, in some cases, as excellent as the engineering boring logs, but many have generalized descriptions of the materials. Water-well locations have been verified as noted on drillers’ logs by ISGS and ISWS personnel. Seismic data include only location and drift thickness. In many cases, two values were determined for the same point; about 30% of these data were rejected because the values were in conflict. Other data that conflicted with better quality information were also rejected. The distribu-tion of these data is shown on the data point locations map of the Naperville Quadrangle (Fineberg and Curry, 2012b).

ReferencesBauer, R.A., J.P. Kempton, B.B. Curry, W.G. Dixon, Jr., A.M. Graese, M.J. Hasek, R.C. Vaiden, P.J. Con-

roy, P.A. Dickson, E.M. Cikanek, and M.P. Bruen, 1988, Geotechnical summary to the proposal to site the Superconducting Super Collider in Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, 48 p.

Curry, B.B., 2001, Topographic map of the bedrock surface, Aurora North Quadrangle, Kane and Du Page Counties, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geologic Quadrangle Map, IGQ Aurora North-BT, 1:24,000.

Curry, B.B. (ed.), 2008, Deglacial history and paleoenvironments of northeastern Illinois, 54th Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene Field Conference, May 16–18, 2008, DeKalb, Illinois: Illinois State Geo-logical Survey, Open File Series 2008-1, 175 p.

Curry, B.B., and H.D. Fineberg, 2013, Surficial geology of Naperville Quadrangle, Du Page County, Il-linois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geological Quadrangle Map, IGQ Naperville-SG, 2 sheets, 1:24,000, report, 10 p.

Curry, B.B., D.A. Grimley, and J.A. Stravers, 1999, Quaternary geology, geomorphology, and climatic his-tory of Kane County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Guidebook 28, 40 p.

Curry, B.B., and P.R. Seaber, 1990, Hydrogeology of shallow groundwater resources, Kane County, Il-linois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Contract/Grant Report 1990-1, 37 p.

Dey, W.S., A.M. Davis, B.B. Curry, D.A. Keefer, and C.C. Abert, 2007, Kane County water resources in-vestigations: Final report on geologic investigations: Illinois State Geological Survey, Open File Series 2007-7, 114 p.

Fineberg, H.D., and B.B. Curry, 2013a, Drift thickness of Naperville Quadrangle, Du Page County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geological Quadrangle Map, IGQ Naperville-DT, 1:24,000.

Fineberg, H.D., and B.B. Curry, 2013b, Data point locations of Naperville Quadrangle, Du Page County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Geological Quadrangle Map, IGQ Naperville-DP, 1:24,000.

Freiburg, J.T., 2010, Timing, composition, and source of subsurface diagenetic waters responsible for sul-fide and carbonate mineralization in solution cavities of the Ordovician Galena Group limestone, North Aurora, Illinois, USA: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, master’s thesis, 86 p.

Heigold, P.C., 1990, Seismic reflection and seismic refraction surveying in northeastern Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Environmental Geology 136, 52 p.

Herzog, B.L., B.J. Stiff, C.A. Chenoweth, K.L. Warner, J.B. Sieverling, and C. Avery, 1994, Buried bedrock surface of Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Map 5, 1:500,000.

Landon, R.A., and J.P. Kempton, 1971, Stratigraphy of the glacial deposits at the National Accelerator Laboratory site, Batavia, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Circular 456, 21 p.

Plotnick, R.E., F. Kenig, A.C. Scott, I.J. Glasspool, C.F. Eble, and W.J. Lang, 2009, Pennsylvanian pa-leokarst and fills from northern Illinois, U.S.A.: A window into Late Carboniferous environments and landscapes: PALAIOS, v. 24, p. 627–637.

Vaiden, R.C., and B.B. Curry, 1990, Bedrock topography of Kane County: Illinois State Geological Survey, Open File Series 1990-2b, 1:62,500.

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