before the first word… infant language acquisition
TRANSCRIPT
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Before the First Word… Infant Language
Acquisition
Presented By:
Dana Cox RN, MA Infant/Toddler Teacher
http://childhealthanddevelopment.wordpress.com
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What is Language Acquisition?
• Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate.
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How Do We Communicate?
• Language refers to the content of what is spoken, signed, written, read or understood. – Expressive – Receptive
• Speech refers to the sounds that come out of our mouth and take shape in the form of words.
• Listening is hearing and processing to comprehend what is being said.
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Theories…Nature or Nurture or BOTH
• What is biologically programmed into the brain and is based on experience= or is it an intricate dance? – Some theorize that children are born with
an innate biological “device” for understanding the principles and organization common to all languages.
– Some place greater emphasis on the influence of usage and experience in language acquisition.
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Implications for Early Education…
• NICHD Studies: – 1997 Study of Early Child Care –
• the quality of child care for very young children does matter for their cognitive and language development
– 2006 SECCYD • children who experienced higher quality
child care consistently showed better cognitive function and language development across the first 3 years of life.
– .
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What Infants Develop Before the First Word…
• Few things to remember: – We do not need to
talk in order to understand or communicate
– Awareness of these precursor skills
can help guide our observations of infants and their caregivers
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What Infants Develop Before the First Word…
• 3 Categories of skills (L. Kumin) – Early
Communication Skills
– Prerequisite Skills for Language
– Pre-speech Skills
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Early Communication Skills…
• Communicative Intent
• Turn-taking • Requesting/
Protesting • Social
Communication Signals
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• Visual skills- – Visual reception
(ability to see) – Reciprocal gaze – Visual tracking – Visual attending – Referential gaze
Prerequisite Skills for Language
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Prerequisite Skills for Language
• Auditory skills— – Auditory reception
(ability to hear) – Auditory attending – Localization to
sound – Attending to
sounds – Auditory
Association and listening
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Prerequisite Skills for Language
• Tactile skills • Imitation/ Modeling
skills – Gestural imitation – Combining movements
and sounds • Cognitive skills—
– Object permanence – Cause and effect – Means-end
• Referential knowledge- – Joint attention
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Pre-speech Skills • Respiratory
skills • Feeding skills • Oral motor skills • Sound
production skills • Vocal imitation • Imitation of
speech sounds
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Putting it all Together
• Twin Talking Toddlers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gBprSA-b_eM