bell-ringer: 1.where on earth do you find carbon atoms? 2.where do you find nitrogen atoms?
TRANSCRIPT
Bell-ringer:
1. Where on Earth do you find Carbon atoms?
2. Where do you find Nitrogen atoms?
• Be able to describe the flow of matter through the carbon and nitrogen cycles.
Today’s Objective:
• With chains, webs, and pyramids, it shows how energy moves through an ecosystem.
• Energy is always being replenished by the sun.
• But MATTER (anything that has mass and occupies space) is cycled and is not replenished like the energy from sunlight.
• There is a finite (or measurable) amount of matter on Earth.
CYCLES IN NATURE
• The atoms of carbon, nitrogen, and other elements that make up the bodies of organisms alive today are the
same atoms that have been on Earth since life began.
• Matter is constantly recycled. It is never lost.
Carbon is a piece of matter that cycles through our environment.
It is never lost or gained…..it just cycles through over and over.
Where is Carbon found?
CARBON DIOXIDE
METHANECARBOHYDRATES
Carbon Dioxide in the
Atmosphere
Wood and fossil fuels burn and put Carbon
into the air.Cellular Respiration:
When organisms breathe out, carbon is released into the atmosphere.
As decomposers break down dead plant and animal
material, some carbon is released into the air.
Volcanoes release carbon into the air
Carbon Entering Biotic
Factors
Photosynthesis: Carbon from the air enters autotrophs.
Primary consumers ingest carbon when they
feed on autotrophs.
Higher-level consumers ingest carbon when they
feed on other heterotrophs
Carbon Entering Biotic
Factors
When plants and animals die,
decomposers break them down and put some of the carbon
into the soil.
Carbon Dioxide in the
Atmosphere
Ways that Carbon enters the atmosphere….
FROM ABIOTIC FACTORS FROM BIOTIC FACTORS
1. Combustion/Burning of Fossil Fuels
2. Open Burning
1. Respiration / Breathing Out
Ways that Carbon enters BIOTIC FACTORS….
1. Photosynthesis 2. Consumption
How Carbon enters SOIL
1. Death and Decomposition
Nitrogen is another piece of matter that cycles through our environment.
It is never lost or gained…..it just cycles through over and over.
Where is Nitrogen found?
78% of the air on Earth Proteins
Nitrogen in Air
Nitrogen Fixation:
Nitrogen cannot be directly absorbed into
plants, but plants NEED nitrogen. Nitrogen from
the atmosphere is absorbed into bacteria in the soil, there they are
CONVERTED (or FIXED) into a form that plant
roots can absorb.
Primary consumers ingest nitrogen when
they eat from autotrophs
Higher-level consumers ingest nitrogen when
they eat other heterotrophs.
Nitrogen found in ammonia is absorbed
into the soil during urination.
Nitrogen in Air
As decomposers break down plants and animals,
nitrogen is recycled into the soil.
Bacteria that decompose also
release some nitrogen back into the
atmosphere.
Combustion/Burning of fossil fuels puts Nitrogen
in the atmosphere.
Ways that Nitrogen enters the atmosphere….
FROM ABIOTIC FACTORS FROM BIOTIC FACTORS
1. Combustion/Burning of Fossil Fuels 1. From Bacteria in the Soil (Denitrification)
This occurs when bacteria living in the soil aren’t getting enough oxygen, so they break
down compounds in the soil- use up the oxygen, and disperse any Nitrogen from the compound into the atmosphere as a waste
product.
Ways that Nitrogen enters BIOTIC FACTORS….
1. Nitrogen Fixation 2. Consumption
Plants cannot use the nitrogen in the air, so bacteria in the soil have to
absorb it and then CONVERT it to ammonia and
nitrates so plants can use it.
Lightening striking the ground also
does this for plants.
How Nitrogen enters SOIL
1. Death and Decomposition 2. Urine
3. Absorption 4. Acid Rain