Bellringer: 12/2 and 12/3 1. Turn in your AP Reading Questions to your class drawer in the back of the room. 2. Make the following Table of Contents updates: 66: Simulation Activity: Peloponnesian War 67: Notes: Peloponnesian War 68: Review Worksheet: Important Greek People Agenda: 1. Bellringer 2. Simulation Game: The Peloponnesian War 3. Notes: Peloponnesian War 4. Greek People Matching Worksheet (Review) Homework: 1. Study for Greek culture quiz next class (FRIDAY for 3 rd, MONDAY for 5 th /8 th ) 2. Read pages in your textbook and take notes Peloponnesian War Simulation: 3 rd Block Get into the following groups: ATHENS: Chris, Jackson S., Alex, Erin, Hita, Srinidhi SPARTA: Jade, Rebecca, Drew, Levi, Lithin CORINTH: Sofya, Brandon, Brenden, Sydney, Jenna THEBES: Sam, Kirk, Tyra, Kelly, Trisha THASOS: Preston, Kevin, Veer, Nathan, Jackson J. Peloponnesian War Simulation: 5 th Block Get into the following groups: ATHENS: Neha, Raissa, Briana, Amith, Jaidev SPARTA: Mounika, Shreya, Grant, Dean, Nick CORINTH: Mackenzie, Elizabeth, Conrad, Daniel THEBES: Gabe, Anna, Angie, Sajjaad, Talha THASOS: Lily, August, Connor, Cory, Salman Peloponnesian War Simulation: 8 th Block Get into the following groups: ATHENS: Daniel, Tyler, Grant, Lexi, Emily, Jhosselin SPARTA: Chloe M., Connor, Morgan, Joe, Sammy CORINTH: Lauren, Claire, Tara, Emma, Sahar THEBES: Chloe H., Matt, Yen Nhi, Zain, Kelly THASOS: Kayla, Chris, Drew, Scott, Nuha Simulation Game: Peloponnesian War: 1. Your goal is to make treaties and alliances with other city-states. You want to make these alliances/treaties in order to achieve the needs of your city-state. 2. In your city-state, read the packet of information about all five participating city-states. Use the information in the packet to fill out the Path to the Peloponnesian War worksheet. Simulation Game: Peloponnesian War: 3. After reading the packet and filling in the worksheet, determine which 2-3 city-states your city-state would best form an alliance with. 4. Send out ambassadors (no more than 2 at a time) from your group to other city-states to try and sign a treaty together to be allies. 5. On the treaty page, write down what the terms of each treaty with the other city-states you form alliances with included. YOU CANNOT MAKE A TREATY THAT GOES AGAINST A PREVIOUS TREATY YOU SIGNED! You may make no more than 3 treaties total. Simulation Game: Peloponnesian War: 7. You will have 10 minutes to make treaties. When time is up, you will need to return to your city-states home base. 8. Treaties will be examined to see if the city-states were successful in making treaties that did not go against any of the other treaties made. The Peloponnesian War ( BCE) Ms. Allen Pre-AP World History Setting the Stage for War Persian War = Greek city-states uniting together Why is this kind of an amazing feat? This camaraderie will not last for a long time Tensions between city-states = arise Especially between Athens and Sparta (and Athens and many other city-states) What do we know about Athens and Sparta that might make them become at odds with each other? Causes of the Peloponnesian War Sparta (and some other city-states) resents domination of Athens in the Delian League (especially post-Golden Age developments) Sparta and Athens = do not like each other (historically) Sparta develop Peloponnesian League to fight against the Athens-led Delian League Sparta feels that Athens is overstepping its bounds EXAMPLE: Corinth (an ally of Sparta) goes to war with one of her colonies, colony asks Athens for help Athens sends naval forces = makes Corinth (and Sparta) mad Sparta & Athens: Strategic Differences Sparta = strong army Has a historically strong army, but not a strong navy Sparta wants no sea-based fighting Sparta wont even have a navy until after the Peloponnesian War STRATEGY: Surround Athens on land - suffocate the army/navy and the citizens of Athens by keeping supplies and goods out of the city Athens = strong navy Want to surround Sparta by the sea (avoid much land-based fighting) STRATEGY: Surround Spartas ports = suffocate Sparta Keep goods, supplies, etc. from reaching Spartas army and its civilians How does the Peloponnesian War play out? War happens in different phases: 1. Archaemedian War Between Athens and Sparta (and allies), lasts ~10 years Ended temporarily with a peace treaty between Sparta/Athens Will pick back up again after each side becomes dissatisfied with the peace terms Sparta gets (again) fed up with Athens attitude and sense of superiority 2. War moves to Sicily What happens throughout the war? Much of it is spent in a stalemate with neither side gaining too decisive an advantage to declare a victory Pericles and the Plague Pericles = leading mind in Athens during Peloponnesian War Decides to take a defensive strategy on land-based warfare (trying to wait out and survive Spartan attacks on land) Allows Spartan army forces to attack Attica (a Athens ally) while the city and its citizens were barred behind a tall, well-fortified wall Strategy fails - Why? A plague breaks out in the city behind the walls (brought by fleas, tick infestation) = many die Pericles ends up taking the blame for this = falls out of favor Loss of his leadership blow for the Athenian cause in the war (have no strong leader) Siege of Plataea After attacking Attica, Sparta attacks Plataea, an Athens ally This attack = keeps Plataea from providing aid (soldiers, supplies, food) to Athens during the war Eventually the city is sacked by Sparta Sparta gains total control of an important road from Thebes to Megara (city-states) Thucydides on the Siege of Plataea: After an appeal to the gods Archidamus put his army in motion. First he enclosed the town with a palisade formed of the fruit trees which they cut down, to prevent further egress from Plataea; next they threw up a mound against the city, hoping that the largeness of the force employed would ensure the speedy reduction of the place. They accordingly cut down timber from Mount Cithaeron, and built it up on either side, laying it like lattice-work to serve as a wall to keep the mound from spreading abroad, and carried to it wood and stones and earth and whatever other material might help to complete it.Archidamus Athens Mistake: The Syracuse Expedition One of Athens biggest mistakes in the war 416 BCE: Athenian troops invade Sicily to conquer state of Syracuse (an ally of Sparta) Why do they do this? Hoped to destroy Spartas ally and the food they were providing Sparta End result? NOT what Athens wanted Athenian troops are surrounded, defeated, and killed How it all ends... Athens and Sparta continue fighting for about more years after the disaster at Syracuse Eventual result: Sparta = victorious Defeats Athens, starts downfall Athens is forced to live under Spartan law and order Athens gives up its army AND navy The Aftermath of the Peloponnesian War: Seat of power in Greece changes (Athens Sparta) Much of Greece = in ruins Greeces economy and military was weakened Development of Greek culture was slowed Paves way for takeover by Macedonia How do we know much about the Peloponnesian War? Herodotus = Greek historian who wrote about Persian Wars Thucydides = Greek general and scientific historian His writings are about the Peloponnesian War Believed history (and the events that make up history) were the result of human actions, decisions, and ideas rather than fate or the actions of the gods and goddesses After notes: Complete the Simulation Debrief side of the worksheet and turn it in for a classwork grade. Work on the Greece People Matching review worksheet. It is a good prep for the quiz next class as well as your test.