belmont neighborhood violence reduction project charlotte-mecklenburg police department 1999 –...
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Belmont NeighborhoodBelmont Neighborhood
Violence Reduction ProjectViolence Reduction Project Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department
1999 – 2004
1999 Belmont Dimensions1999 Belmont Dimensions
• 1,064 Homes on 389 Acres1,064 Homes on 389 Acres
• 190 Habitat Homes (18%)190 Habitat Homes (18%)
• Average House Value:Average House Value: $38,827$38,827
• Primarily Single Family StructuresPrimarily Single Family Structures
• Most Housing in Neglected or Poor ConditionMost Housing in Neglected or Poor Condition
• Over 60% Rental PropertyOver 60% Rental Property
• Four (4) Neighborhood ABC EstablishmentsFour (4) Neighborhood ABC Establishments
1999 Belmont Dimensions1999 Belmont Dimensions
• Population:Population: 3,529 3,529
• School Dropout Rate:School Dropout Rate: 183% of City Avg. 183% of City Avg.
• Births to Adolescents:Births to Adolescents: 410% of City Avg. 410% of City Avg.
• Med. Household Income:Med. Household Income: $12,503 v. $41,385 $12,503 v. $41,385
• Drug/Alcohol Dependencies: HighDrug/Alcohol Dependencies: High
1999 Belmont Dimensions1999 Belmont Dimensions
• Violent Crime Violent Crime – 470 % of City Average – 470 % of City Average
• Juvenile Crime – 310 % of City AverageJuvenile Crime – 310 % of City Average
• Property Crime – 140 % of City AverageProperty Crime – 140 % of City Average
• Open-Air Drug Market SaturationOpen-Air Drug Market Saturation
• Reputation for Drug Market and ViolenceReputation for Drug Market and Violence
City and Police ResponseCity and Police Response
• City Infrastructure Investment of City Infrastructure Investment of
$10M$10M
• Neighborhood Action PlanNeighborhood Action Plan
• City Interest in Revitalization City Interest in Revitalization
PlanningPlanning
• Multiple Police Task ForcesMultiple Police Task Forces
• Code Enforcement PartnershipsCode Enforcement Partnerships
• ABC Enforcement PartnershipsABC Enforcement Partnerships
Neighborhood ChallengesNeighborhood ChallengesCriminal Suspects
(A – Hi)Criminal Suspects
(A – Hi)
Baldwin,Carlos
Barkley,Marco
Barkley,Shawn
Barkley,Tennyson
Barnes,Clifton
Craig,Shawnda
Cureton,William
Frazier ,Nathan
Gladden,Aaron
Dodd,Savalas
Gibson,Adonis
Gooding,Daniel
Hall,Sylvester
Hammond,Kendrick
Hammond,William
Harris,Harold
Harrison,Scottie
Heninghan,Edrick
Hill,Jason
BackHOME PAGE
Gooding,Thomas
Barkley,Kiko
Catalyst for ChangeCatalyst for Change
August 1998 – July 1999 DataAugust 1998 – July 1999 Data
• Offenses: Offenses: − All All – 643– 643− Violent Violent – 190 (30% of All)– 190 (30% of All)
• Arrests:Arrests:− All All – 580– 580− Drug Drug – 121 (21% of – 121 (21% of
All)All)
Catalyst for ChangeCatalyst for Change
• Peak in Violence: April-July 1999Peak in Violence: April-July 1999• All of Belmont All of Belmont – 87– 87• Northeast Corner Northeast Corner – 26– 26• Northeast Corner Homicides Northeast Corner Homicides – 1– 1• Northeast Corner Firearm Assaults Northeast Corner Firearm Assaults – 10– 10• Most Violence Victims were OutsidersMost Violence Victims were Outsiders• Common Streets were Umstead and Common Streets were Umstead and
ParsonParson
Catalyst for ChangeCatalyst for Change
• Control of Violence Paramount for Control of Violence Paramount for Successful Neighborhood RevitalizationSuccessful Neighborhood Revitalization
• Traditional Police Enforcement Traditional Police Enforcement IneffectiveIneffective
• Conversations w/Neighborhood Conversations w/Neighborhood ResidentsResidents
• GIS-Based Review of Crime GIS-Based Review of Crime − ViolenceViolence− Drug ArrestsDrug Arrests
Response ActionsResponse Actions
• Community CoordinationCommunity Coordination− Discussions with Leaders and ResidentsDiscussions with Leaders and Residents− Inconvenience FactorInconvenience Factor− Replacement for Meaningful ActionReplacement for Meaningful Action− Periodic Review/EvaluationPeriodic Review/Evaluation
• Other Service Provider Sign-OffOther Service Provider Sign-Off− Fire DepartmentFire Department− MedicMedic− SanitationSanitation− TransportationTransportation
• City CouncilCity Council
AssessmentsAssessments
• Timeframes Agreed: 6 & 9-Month and 1-YearTimeframes Agreed: 6 & 9-Month and 1-Year• Test Hypothesis: Test Hypothesis:
Closed Streets Closed Streets = = Closed Drug Markets Closed Drug Markets = = Violence Violence ReductionReduction
• Assessment Focus:Assessment Focus:− Change in ViolenceChange in Violence− Change in Arrest VolumeChange in Arrest Volume− Displacement of ViolenceDisplacement of Violence− Cost EffectivenessCost Effectiveness
Displacement of ViolenceDisplacement of Violence
1 Year Prior1 Year Prior
After 1 YearAfter 1 Year
After 2 YearsAfter 2 Years
After 3 YearsAfter 3 Years
After 4 YearsAfter 4 Years
After 5 YearsAfter 5 Years
1 Year Prior1 Year Prior
After 1 YearAfter 1 Year
After 2 YearsAfter 2 Years
After 3 YearsAfter 3 Years
After 4 YearsAfter 4 Years
After 5 YearsAfter 5 Years
Cost EffectivenessCost Effectiveness
2- Year Cost Per Offense Reduction 2- Year Cost Per Offense Reduction ComparisonComparison
TacticTactic Offense CategoryOffense Category Offense Offense ReductionReduction
Cost of Cost of TacticTactic
Cost per Offense Cost per Offense ReductionReduction
Barricade All Offenses -95 $15,000 $158
Task Force
All Offenses -98 $400,175 $4083
Barricade Violent Offenses -33 $15,000 $455
Task Force
Violent Offenses -29 $400,175 $13,799
What We LearnedWhat We Learned
• Value of Simple SolutionsValue of Simple Solutions− Arrests v. Environmental ChangesArrests v. Environmental Changes− Swift ImplementationSwift Implementation
• Improving Initial AnalysisImproving Initial Analysis− Victimization DataVictimization Data− Research DesignResearch Design
What We LearnedWhat We Learned
• Neighborhood Relationship DynamicsNeighborhood Relationship Dynamics− Leaders v. Residents and Project Support Leaders v. Residents and Project Support − The Use of Additional BarricadesThe Use of Additional Barricades
• Stability Beyond Crime ReductionStability Beyond Crime Reduction− Violence Reduction a Critical IngredientViolence Reduction a Critical Ingredient− Need for Significant Infrastructure Need for Significant Infrastructure
InvestmentInvestment
Positive ChangesPositive Changes
• InvestmentsInvestments− Hope VI Housing Grant ($20M)Hope VI Housing Grant ($20M)− Revitalization Plan AdoptedRevitalization Plan Adopted− Greenway DevelopmentGreenway Development− Improved Lighting ThroughoutImproved Lighting Throughout
• DimensionsDimensions− HousingHousing $38,827 to $67,655$38,827 to $67,655− IncomeIncome $12,503 to $12,503 to
$25,304$25,304
Belmont NeighborhoodBelmont Neighborhood
Violence Reduction ProjectViolence Reduction Project Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department
1999 - 2004