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To: tyE Di.t-OTY HIGH OOHMISSIONER

LEAGUE OF NATION6. October 6th 1922.

HThe following le ray estimete of Administration Expenses in oonneotion with

feeding 16000 Refugees approx. in Thraoe.

1 ./ PLACE

SELIVRIR0U06T0KELIOFITilÏIERAXLIGALLIPOLICIIOBLUSMltKEUYOuDMENTS

i’O of REFUOi:.r >'«

20002000200020002000200020001000

Total Ï60Q0

2./ ADKIMl^TU TIVE ' per month .

Local Kepresentatives: ( 7 ù>Â20-0-0U.C. stations. )

J f

Doctors (Refugees) 7 **(-

Eandling tores

Hire oi fenmbli Launch

interpreter

warehousing,can possibly be arranged free

Per month

3./ liÿADQUARÎiR.: (Cons ta. tinovèeji-xpenses Per Month

Central warehouseFreights. 120 Tons fa 1 TonHandling Ixpenses 6/ Ton

fa 140/ 0/ 0

fa 21/ 0 / 0

fa 36/ 0/ 0

fa 200/ 0 / 0

fa 20 / 0 / 0

fa ?______

fa 416/ 0/ 0

fa 80/ 0/ 0 fa 120 / 0 / 0 fa 56/ 0/ 0

i e r ; o n th fa 23C>/ 0 / 0

Ia^e Ko 2.

XHX/XBJreWÆXKlJ' 7-KKB.

4./ Mfc.THOU OB DIoïHIBUIINQ FOOtU

*-/2!K|sr§rtiatlon. O.C. st«tl=n and L0..1 Comritte.( Prefect or subprefect end

existing Committee).

h,/ O.C..SI, non rill receive good» and hand them otrer to the above Committee, of which

he la a member with a power of Veto*

lie will check shipments end render reports to the Reprcanetatlve for thrace.

He will keep In constant touch with the issuing of rations etc,and will be reponslble

to the League of nations that the Issuing Is properly conducted and according to the

programme laid down by the League»

c./TIlE LOUAI C0M1. ITT. E be requested to provide adequated warehousing space end arrange

for the safeguarding of -tores.

d.AREE RKFWiit LABOUR to be rrade available for the unloading of stores,paokinf, etc.

a./TKh LOCAL COKklTTEE to be reponslble for torn arranging the unloading of ships etc.

f./TKE LOUAL AUTIORIXlLci will be responsible for cooking arranger,.cnts, the supplying of

cooking utensils and fuel*

g./TI]E LOUAL OH ARM AÜTliQRlTUd to be requested to arrange /.‘or all land transport to

Feeding Centres.

u./ G i.RüiiAL Rd.’i-KK:.-.

a,/ Refs the question of hiring; transport. Ae an alternative to paying freights a ship

cou-d be Chartered at about h 600/ 0/ 0 per month. In this oaee the ship could be

utilised, when not in use by the League of Nations, for general cargoes. This should

enable the League not only to cover current expenses, but also a srall ntafcgln of profit.

b./ Ref: t rehousing in Constantinople. The Lea; ie of Natans should themselves rent a

viarehouse. Ti e Turkish Governecent should be approached with a view to arranging for

goods addressed to the League being unlcoded in Constantinople and loaded free of all

custom duties. They should be requested to honour a ucpresentatlve1a signature on all

correspondence referring to this matter. If this be not done, the League will be put

to the expense of Warehousing in various Transit Depots. In this connection it should

Page Ro 5,

be borne in aâb ld that the lew of the Country forbids the moving

warehouee to another; Therefore It would be extremely difficult

In Transit unless the League has a Warehouse of Its own and this

store goods In Transit and ship them In due course.

I hano the honour to he,

s ir .

Yours oBediontly,

of goods from one Transit

to assemble goods, purchased

Warehouse must have permission

Thursday, 2 0 / l0 /2 2

Deputy High Commissioner, f e r refugees, League e f Nat len s .

S i r : -

fy p a r ty a rr iv e d h e re Tuesday, 1 8 .1 0 .2 2 . L oca l i n h a b i ta n t s and Anato lian re fu g e e s crowding th e beach and quay. Saw Colonel Emery , Commander B r i t i s h Area, th e P re fec t and th e Greek Cm. C. Afterwards saw Dr. Nansen eh, co n s id e rs th e re i s no feed shortage bu t g r e a t need of t ra n s p o r t e t c . , and th .i t every e f f o r t must be made t o save p easan ts 3 r a i n . Suggests my s t a f f should be u t i l i z e d a s agen ts f a r t h i s purpose » I ag ree , ' though from the news ,19 have received i t appears t e be too l a t e as th e p e a sa n ts have already e i t h e r l e f t s* t h e i r v i l l a g e s or s e n t t h e i r c a t t l e away.

Yesterday we berthed th e S/S MAE) of CHIOS and embarked about 3000 re fu g ees and 250 to n s of baggage f e r KAVâBLA, the Greek a u th o r i t i e s having re ­quested t h a t no re fu g ees be"sent to DEDEAGATCH. S/S MAID e f CHIOS s a i l e d l a s t nia-ht (19.10.22) tak in g with hnr L oca l R epresen ta tive H.AIP. and on» warehouse man, and approxim ately l / 7 of our su p p lie s , to be used only i n case of eoer^en-

Reports (M i l i t a ry and C iv i l) from in t e r io r of THRACE, confirm th a t i r r e g u la r bands a re h a rra s s in g refugee columns and v a rio u s v i l l a g e s . There has b-»en*losa of l i f e , and conw ys a re thrs-,vn in to confusion . B r i t i s h o f f i c e r (C a p t . Cunningham) went to MALGARA and back y e s te rd a y . Says he saw nrmy aban­doned Greek v i l l a g e s burn ing: one a t ta c k by horsemen being made on a v i l l a g e : Greek v i l l a g e s show th a t they were abandoned h u r r ie d ly , g ra in , bedding, and pe rsona l belènging being l e f t behind . Hear East R e l ie f rep o r ts se rious s i t u a t i o n on '-IARIT7A fro n t owing to congestion and food shortage .

Colonel Emery returned l a s t n ig h t fro* S. V. Coast and r ep o r ts f e l lo w in- s i t u a t i o n : PANADOS 200 refugees , iCAHBADJE 500 refugees , large- s ta r e sof - r a in ! 3AN0S 2500 refugee3 , 1000 f r s n Smyrna, a l l t h e i r stock h^s gene. 2 50 ° tsn s g rain , no sacks . Large q u a n ti ty of wine. Me p i e r . MEHESTE, 15000 re ­fugees (want to go to Cassandra) . SHAFX~ÜI, 1200C re fu g ees . 1000 new refugees from A nato lia . A ll stock gene. 1000 t e n s g ra in . 500 to n s h ay . Nt, sacks.

Am embarking refugees (abou t 2 00/3000)on S/S CHARVOOD today, and going in to wheat purchasing p roposa l .

(Sgd)

Geor--e T re le a r ,Rep. f s r THRACE and GREECE.

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l .R e f u g e e a . Owing to h eavy s e a s duo to th e p r e v a i l i n g s o u tl i w in d a n d s e v e r a l s to r m s , and to tlie a b se n c e o f p i e r s e x c e p t in g a b a d ly damaged one a t S h a rk eu i tho em barkation o f r e f u g e e s from p ® rta s o u th o f B odusto was v e ry much d e la y e d . O f t h e s i x B r i t i s h s h ip s p la c e u a t th e d i s p o s a l o f tn e League, H.M.T. iiBui, was d isp a tc h e d to KUmbad^e a n d fl. BitATXOU UASlTi to ü l ia r k e u i .

A very u n a a t l a f a c t o r y a ) o f a f f a i r e r e i y i o d a t tho l a t t e r p o r t .

b o a t were b e in ge l i c i t (8 ) la r g e B i l l i n g c a iq u e s and

a r r i v e d on 2 6 /1 0 /2 2 we fo u n d t h a t o n ly f o u r a m all ro w in gf o r e m b ark in g re fu g e e .; a n d t h o i r bag a be . At th e aame time

m o to r c a iq u e w ere l y i n g i d l e a t a n c h o r .

The v i l l a g e r s o f AiivWLI (LOTIDA) co m p la in ed t h a t th e S u b - P r e f e c t , IS2103THEHE TIKRIUUPUI.US, was d e l i b e r a t e l y d e t a i n i n , them , th e y have been w a i t i n g fo r a b o a t f o r o v e r a w eek ( s p e n t on th e beach ) w h ile th e b o a ts a v a i l ­a b l e were be in ; u s e d to lo a d w h ea t and f r i e n d s f rom S h a r k e u i . The l a t t e r were o f c o u ra e l i v i n g in t h e i r houses up to th e moment o f d e p a r tu r e .

I a sk e d th e S u b - P re fe c t why th e l a r ^ e c a iq u e s w ere l y i n g i d l e and was in fo rm e d t h a t th e y w ere to be u se d f u r w h ea t a f t c a r g o e s : t h a t th e y a l r e a d y nad some lo a d e d . The S u b - P r e f e c t 's a c t i o n s from th e tim e we a r r i v e d u n t i l I l e f t 2 oa y s la t e r w ere ao o b s t r u c t iv e t o cm- . I an s oüd the d e a l r e s o f th e v i l l a ­g e r s and. ao I n t i m a t e l y c o n c e rn e d w i th th e movements o f . . r a in t h a t we w ere f o rc e d to c o nclude t h a t ho wua e n g ag e d in p r i v a t e e n t e r p r i s e a t tho e x p en se o f those d e p e n d in g on h i s a s s i s t a n c e and a u t h o r i t y . A ft e r a le n g th y a rg u m e n t 1 had to g iv e him 3 m in u tea to ,.uke up h i s m ind w h e th e r o r n u t he wua ;o in - to h i r e o r r e q u i a i t i o n th e l a r g e c a iq u e s f o r e m b a rk a t io n o f r e f u g e e s , and use h i a e f f o r t s t o t h a t e n d . i . 'a i l in j ; t h i a I t o ld him t h a t a l l a u t h o r i t i e s conce rn e d w ould be in fo rm ed o f h i s a c t i o n s . A t dawn n e x t m o rn in g a l l the l a r ,« w ere i n a c t i o n and l o a d in g was c a r r i e d on th ro u g h o u t th e d a y .

Towards e v e n in g a n eavy j j i l e b le w up and d e la y e d f u r t h e r e m b ark a t io n f o r h o u r s .

i c a iq u e s

I w ir e u C o l . Em ery, Coioiiander B r i t i s h Troops i n $ h r e c e , tuiu - a v i s e u t h a t "K ." l i g h t e r s be s e n t a lo n g the c o a s t .

I found th e o f f i c e r ooLinanding th e B r i t i s h troo p s a t S h a rk e u i ve ry u n h e lp f u l . Bo doubt h la a t t i t u d e was s t r i c t l y c o r r e c t , but aad he ta k en a l i t t l e more on h im s e l f Abe r e f u g e e p ro b le m w ould have be en s e t t l e d e a r l i e r , ^ e r a o n a l l / h e w as , how ever, c o u r te o u s a n d o b l ig i n g .

A t the r e q u e s t o f th e S u b - f r e f e o t we w ere to em bark 600 r e f u g e e s from A r a p l l and th en to p ro c e e d to H e r a c l i t z a a n d embark 2000 m ore .

board H .ii.'f. BiiA'i'TOM CAdILK a n d r e tu r n e d to

our staff ha*, tit the request uf Col. i'.mery, concentrated cm con­trolling the embarkation of refugees and dur In . ny absence over 30,000 has

paBMUd through their hands.

c,vers 0116 spoke very highly of our staff and were ,rateful for the tieip ronuered.

On the 29/10/22 I rode over to Kumbadge, passing through i-anuaoe.Vho lutter place h^s been entirely cleared except for a few Turks. The ureek peasants had left behind a quantity of maize and onions, bein^ 1/60 01' their orop due to the Ureek (jovernment. A Customs Officer was In charge of It.

At Kumbadgç, owing to heavy aeae, embarkation has been seriously held up. when we arrived only a few of the caiques available were at work.The local British officer had assumed control of them and was most energetically carrying on. I cannot speak too highly of his efforts. There was no local organisation and he had no Interpreter, but by hie own untiring efforts and example he had managed to organise a regular ferry service that embarked a big number of refugees and much baggage. V/hen It Is realisedihat vue caiques nad either to be drawn up on the beach to be loaded, or out to, the diffl-tfulty of his talk may be understood. He asked if I could let him have an in­terpreter. I sent my secretary, tiervlshian, down the following morning and the 2000 i-eminlng refugees with all their belongings were embarked in the «te* following 24 hours.

At other ports embarkation was x'roceedlng slowly. L lent our tug to the British Cornnad-nt to convey some troops down the coast In order to expedite matters.

The British Oomdt also sent engineers to Ganos and Merefte to endeavour to construct short piers. With the exception of these two places, it maynow be said that the evacuation has been completed. The ports named should be cleared in a couple of days. It is understood that there are 3600 refugees at Ganos and 2000 at Merefte.

There is adequate shipping along the coast though the Ureek vessels were short of coal. I understand tiiut u avdrky in now available.

Owing to the absence c of home porta practically all ill boilers.

The villa.,® of Araplia (Lupida) donated 220 tons (about) of grain to the League uf Battions. C Is Is lylr li two large stores In 3harkeul. League of tintions notices have boen placed on the locked doors and the British officer

here nas been asked to protect our property.

A ship has uuw been sent to collect this.

The national Bank of Greece and Innumerable Jew and Armenian traders have been purchasing all available supplies of grain and certainly within a good radius of the ports, little can have been abandoned.

At Hodosto I have prepared a scheme whioh may probably save 2/3000

tons of wheat now In the interior.

Most of this has been trekked across country. I arranged with tne British authorities to help the movevunt of about 300 head from the Sharkeui

Refugees have not In an,y v.az boon restricted as to their ba ; ,uge. Everythin,, they produced has bee. loaded, Many have taken food stuffs suffi­cient to last them some months.

1

Zoui-d ubddientiy J

ruoputy lU»h Joriîilaslonur,

for tefndeee, League o r « lions,

0 -ns trm L lnO y lc .

Oonoornln?; tiw 280 tone o f ,x&ln presented to tac 1. juu by the r llL - .ore o f Lubi.v l , ray lift) - • store» a t jhuriceul.

ü&roou, uur representative i t Jharfceul, reported th.it the looal juries were rofuain u l l labour and tm - o r t . [e hid uaod are ok kmdartwo ne labourers but tftet trw:i ort -.me v ita l .

u»d drlvti . imy a l l m u 11 arai't,

t . . . .but uv/lnj to /«ry heavy ueae I t . 3 impossible to liinu. iso I t was not roe- ■ ib lu to asoerte in i f oaiques eere railabli t any o f toe interau la te p e r te .

-

In the neentlme. In view ot w e boycott e*tublloia>d by the Suites,.

isitlor . o i s vc . t a-.ii labour.

- , i; inac .--d e trou aly op ok ail to requ isition ing but would o f course nave to (Jerry

•ov ry r ijh t to ttic J a la lu |U«atic: , ae , -mi unueretoou, tnu iroeice o»u sto ­len m m trm the turfca. further, tù.-t u partie»1er lark, tie drain on thu younda that h ie a took somewhero or o th e r / had been s to len by

u.uuticàe roque a t eu s qulreu w ithout hevln , reoourj* toe v i l l a iO proiiiaea to Ivo n

u- .ry to o b ta lr tue t ra n sp o rt ead labour ro to r e q u is i t io n . v lie i d id . ih*- ienâ i u r t

: o r in »n iiour b u t fa l io .t to r< t.um .

Three hours L -te r l went in eeajreb o f aim found iile house looked .

refu*eu on beftulf o f the .irk iàh v i l l i .m u , labour or tra i . o; t •. .II

B teite^ between .ur-c ->nu # e e k , :v.d thut .o «au ..lreatiy went «.b t ..00 ton a or flour to .-alb inor, aim wer. c? . .ail i. t nation o i in , ti. tf;u. the urKlsn rcfu .eee In Jana tan tl:.o. 1... nan i t .vas quite •• : tiie

■p o r t w i n , r e q u l e i t i a u e u .

i re t-lleu , i Atr-is wouia no t miner «uiy oo.

L -1 t:iu . ilia te .»lre i s n a i l ro .iiu j u

j

r îh e crew or one o f tue lu t t e r » k o n n r i f o r no app arent reuaon, e u d d e i ly rei'ueeti oo o f f ioi.U th e ,p-uir. a lr ea d y un bu,.vu. r iw lr o . l tu d e O o»«unl«itoil i t s e l f to th e o th e r oa iq ueo w aloh isaae o f f and anoîiurod some way o u t . i'he m otor c a lq u e s o a p ta ln s annoim oo- t f i e ir in te t lu n 01" r e tu r n in g t e j o n s t a n t in o p lc .

1 *a» t na n i 11 to r y a u t h o r i t i e s And had a ,uard p u t on the n o te r o a n q le s i the A em a il oa lq uca w ere t o be take i • , .

» ar ran ged t o moke u s k ir t e a r ly tiie

üu rln i th e day a uroou w ired t h a t one o f our a to r o s <ud boon broken In to and m ost o f our etrpty and BO f a l l sa c k s o f jrttln had bee a t o le n .-h e e l wurlto ehoaett o l e a r i y t h a t th e j u i n was tuken to the rurk lab q u a r te r s .

An ft m a tter o f f a c t I t c ou ld n o t h are boen taioen e lse w h a r j a s th e re ..re no o th e r p e op lee

fh e s t o r e s were lo o k ed up end r-aoh n sd tic a Lcu.-u» o f Motions n otlof- In ^ n j j . le h , -ireok and /u r k l s h poa tod on th e iooro .

Ju r ln ; the n i g h t o f the Qth i n s t . a vory heavy a t o m sr la lted theoojiat, l a s t i n ; throu-inout the 9 t h I n s t , and a l l sh ip p in g waa l a i d uy.

a w ire r e o e l / s d froze ticdoato o t a te v th a t oh s h i p / there had l e f tth e p o r t .

IB the oireur-atuncea I t was no I o n ,o r p o a a lb le tc, move the T ain ao I o r aer ed my s t a f f to r e tu r n to O o n c U n t ln o p ie .

2oe u l f f l c u l t l i ' s u t te n d ln ^ our work a t ^aark eu l waru g r e a t ly addeu t o oi-lnu, to the iu rk o t r y in g to p r e v e n t b o th our l - e .r e u o n u it iv e „ v . „.arooa and the C apta in o f ton s i i i , . O b ta liiln ,, f o o d .

1 j r e a t l y iu j e o t .lairlnt, to abandon t ile bi-alr., * very , .oasib let h i n , vias aono but the d e l ib e ra te boyco tt o f tho j-’u rk s , ob /luusly ^Laed tite r o n tu u lly a t o a l ln , our g ra in , av.u, to some e x te n t , the w eather n u l l i f i e d a l l our e f f o r t s .

. .I .

o w ia lu e r a b l o - e n t i t y l a b e l n s a b lp y o d M r . . o d u s to . . r i c e ab ou ti* In

are o b t a i n l r . , i t fror. ...banaonoi. j k - : \ n tookn .

In order t o j o e I f trie Lr , n o o f y r . t l c n a c o u ld o b tu l i i » a l n „ t a,U0

..evein 1 e f f v r - to f i r e ..odesto eoeinred w hile o ..cru ih r . to

they hau be . orderua u by t . i r re n t* . . -. lo n tly a l l tin - ...../ere n inbored . ao .lod a: by , ii„d rder. . .a. . , r . ivn-v.ei ûeù si, o/e in tv tzie b e t to b u l lu l . and, a p p a ren t! , ' , . ur.a t:i l

oJ-ain wa* to be an foreign ..i-- 11,• neolu.au -■ . i r e t ti:«O h rl- tia n q u a r te r .

L J

rI n e otiM»r f l r e a w ere b e l le i r e d u . ûaTe bt-eu e t ^ r t e d by jrevtc *au& rm ee b u t no p r t / ' . f v, e fo r tn o o r i r ,•

un tbfl r a ilw a y unti >-t U* Due ten, a Huune lu Ovn» v.:. tlnu^le tue fusklan o ff lo iu la «ere friend ly i la uioü towards u s , nnU lnileod, n o lt.ru , but tue lewor elements were truculent w d , > t tlfr-e», o ffen sive ,

I r u n t a, c i o . lue f o r w r i t i n , - eu f u l l y a b o u t uùe , m ln q u e s t i o n b u t 1 wished Vu ;,u t yon ln ooneeaelon 6 r n i l f a c t s , 6 8 , . c a o l b l # , Dr. Sun -ai w i l l req u ir e to «no t th e d e t a i l s .

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r-u: M l d j in a , 20t b r^nerrber 1922

1r The Der.uty High Cor. in-.ion- r

I.aaguo of iiationo''onatantinople

I hnve the honour to s bniit the following report oallod for in your tolegrar of the 1th in .t nt.--

1). Camp ii 1 . ( " lltary railway siding at Dedeagatch).

19' refug: a. woiren, lç/, mon, 1'.) childrenund. r 1 years I'"' over 1 "" years,

(from tine to time the numbun of people varied a:; many w r< in tranelt - average n-.mb r 1760 ersona).

200 head of cattle (1 J head o-nud by refugees 100 bead controlled by T,.of

liumbor of rations lr.-ued 1900 dally.

Enclosed ar: copies of forma used in thin camp.

Photos attached.

Cam? II . ■ (i ailway tatlon at Dedeagatch).

'•'étions la ued, ilk, Soup and broad, ep rox.?/daily.(plu so jo : .4 paragraph).

Photos :ttached.

Camp • 5 « ( ;"ran'jit camp at ''allway tntion Bidiikll)of rationo ir.aued Humber/varying between 15 and 400 daily.

Camp :r .4 . (rievT vlllagd settlement 3 mll j?. et of Dedeugatch).

Contains 1^0 families In newly built wo den barracks.

Total number of persona 7 •

We have already issued 3 montha1 sup ilios of ,d to them. I.e., up to 15th arch 1923.

These villagors hcve slreaAy had land alio'tod to therr by th,; Crook Oov rnmenL and are waiting to co ••.’.nonce farming operations.

2). r>took on hand actu lly arc aa folio1

i) sues ia naou-let 11. i wo v of Hospital showing numbers trente*

4 ) Oener 1 Id., of work.5) Reçulror-u ' :or aucoenrfnl completion of oeheiru

£•!■>>.< sacsr. — aoout, ± , k i i o s

( ' )

r out xtract and oup 19- onsos

".ilk 1 9 , * ,

Olivos and livo il 'v bar clnalt 111 sacks ICoffoo, ebnut y i " kilos, 79

Thin landed at Dedeagatoh on thu I t :Jovomber 19:'2.

a), a dispensary - m erected in a iiarque in the grounds ofneadQUorter:--.

b). Oatd&e>g--petlentr. trc-tr-cr.l c.ntr . r ■ - blisi at. tho Hail'ray station at :^edoagatoh.

Tho former dealt ®ith refugees in town who card volunta­rily for treatment.

Their number varied from 40 to 7" daily.

Cono rning the latter all refugees children to whon: ration i. Ly.

andg ve treatment wherever necessary.

About 700 persona were inspected d>:ily.

utdor treatment given to abo-i' 4?C .

Apart fr-m simple troatmeatc., lu u spr.ee of three weeks:~C 2 ; «"nr. YtC . .' dG U,...

1aijnt fo d.

'any of the women '.fid children arc becoming anomic and worn out. This uypli--' icularly t . nursing m thurs and

! •CvKplL1- S-. are v ry c omon and the:.' head:: and ooaie-. :-re­

vered wit i, the runitation and cleansing i-c.lities.

The great-; - number of refuge, r are lousy. At fi • ". i . i t i- - :

wore bad, but energetic steps taken by the cam cor an:: rsthe me dim

result". The morale of the refugee had fall, a r.,o lov; tnat only the s'roogest action would prevent fouling tho lines.At one time it war. necessary t puni a of er.d.-r : by expelling them froc the ouinp or cutting off c fu.-ci :.u ,.’_i ihlai«, how.:vov, a thing of the past. Vow, in our camps, reason­able order preveilr.

The . dical 3taff -Is, eontroll-ù thu is u of fu d at o« ;h id «: •

d.ilv all tho refugo child -.-a in th: vicinity of th • railwayHot meals re i uued them» All children undo.

ton ■ e. i v id a boi 1 of hot 13 k ■- , itchild: :u received hot poup (vogot .bl. • .--xo w . tL . acsroni,

I, a -

but i :gur conce rning •» \v v. not y , reached mu. This work would h vu ! . on ex; ni 3 oarlier but the question of fu,:l bed ftrot tû oe ar -angod.

There; exir.-ted altnos', a fuel f mi no.

"o d cutting and ch rcoal burnim; r.rties wore organised in .1 camp ar.d actually during onu spull of int.' ely badwe- 'her the only aupplic■ available in the t - v - to r . those from thia eaa;p.

At the urgent request of the Prefect, aomo of these auppllei ro'-e carted in and disposed of - a certain c runt at r. v ry low

.

Tn company rith the rest nf the mi:-, ion tho hospital is moving to th-- Gumuldjinr. area. The doctors and U u storoa have -1 ready arrived. The hospital ill be ontablished in the vicinity of ralazli - Hourban I »ia:, on rhc Oumuldjina- orto I«ag0 ' main road and la ubout tho contre or' r.bo area und,." our control.

A mudical patrol will visit oaoh of cur villagos.

Incurable» Till be pasted tj tho ./unicipol Ho.njitala in Oumuldj ina.

:r sufficient funds bu forthcoming to allow of help being giv.n until the crop- cornu in, about the middle of June l~2j,■perm tn. haner is said t.- bo free fro;;. laria, i:: on the const, enj :ys a fine climate and is easily reaoho'i.

Should an epidemic brook out in Oumuldjina, a wing of the hospital will bo established near the totrn.

. If.j-ÿ^ K 9 P . It in feared that typhoid end perhr.ps cholera will break ut in spring.

te i rmer hav t 1 roe Ly occurred. "',o far i. nov- U >t hecvd of any eavo of typhus. for of diuoMory is^very prevalent, du. in moat o«n<*n tn consuming contaminod

/he greater nur.bur of children are nuflering from bad colds • 1 i-d■

bad air. insufficient fueding, bad or no acocnr.tiè:;, aaù in tho caau Ox /.oatol. ian refugee ■■, an almoR: ;nti... cbaencc of roc es aryclothing ana blankets, fill onu with groat concern

All authorities anticipate that th : usually bad uother conditions of January will result in a t r emend., u:; increase of

.

If the i utura health of tho children and mo the re: ia V be studied, ! ccnrridur it of vital neeei -ity tc tide them aeV. ly ov.-r wintj:- und r.prin • a ad t that ond recueat that fwrvls be raadj available to continue the good wo.-:- alrua.'y co- r iced by the creating of a second hospital at >valla :>v" xanthi toProvido for ; moru liberal allowance of medical o f- . q

~J opinion th "noapital ahouL.1 contin/. to fune 1 .v u MJuno 1923 ar.d I suggest that tho Dili, (ov porat d, v . jed)

r( 4 )

supply V. the. liu. pilai bu doubled, tha', • fuel allow c of ;’d.

patiunto L-- pu;- .lay) and that a further ollown eu of Bay } d . per head our dcy bo mode t cover purchase of opl.-it.?; and wine- for cedlcal u e end drugs or instruments not already supplied^

inally, an our schenw otandi, the honpltal will be open

Nations, pin about . original village;:- to whom, of c uroo,we could not refuse aid. the event of i„oving a wing toOumuldjina t:>uoh is gained with about 1 , refuge;-p tne -e.In the " i.val.le area there are about PK:, and in Tanthi about

1li.laaketa. - ,\o the "intr -• i - vjry severe and the pc t (..-ntB rillbe in tant', it in n"cosnnry tn provide each pv.ti.nt -ith at least 3 good blankets - 120 bedn at > blanket- cach = 360.-

5) • ':oquiror;;ontB t :■ oorr leto f- i . . orrl ach^re.

a) • A further b m p?!y of ration^ for !> moi-thr for 1' . ■ persons.

Our rations on hr.ud will last until the middle of arch •é 5

It is now too late to sow rintsr -rhoat for early cropr.

1sugget the following rations items b; supplied:-

Bssny 11 Vt il,

* "ugsr, ilk.

b). . /odder for cattlv for : months.

por day,

.

from 1st January toüay per head,......lb

."otal...........ions.

0..t present, cattle • .ud horceti are dying in drftve~.

control, originally lv , ov . r JjG, died from

ultimately loft c- rting thu rotions

oattlwithout the rno -v- o'" c l" v .t. . • V.2.: 1-, 1,wu are iso ing t them a..d, la.c.-, th . -,

All hay av'illnbl" h a buao roqui; - on, but io quite insuffici. nt. ?,q cannot pu-chrse large ru .-.titlen locally.

o) • 3e d _ ■. .

3oed rer :Lrud - .'.i-i-.ur w

-h following w-uld b of great value: . ■

/■

also, '.ate and

Trif jil, Luc.: rn

Itcl) ; 3 la n k e t 3 •from" Anatolia. ?h„- p i t i a b l e n ta to .

( )rr.ong th e re fu g e e s , there- - - t ;

o pe p ie a re d o a t i t u t and i n a n n o t

' ü "v :.t a n t i c i n to roc.: v in e e h - it. / ; o f th e :. w i l l u r - . t . 'y ü - a r . in lm u i o u p p ly o f • b la n k e ts = 1 ; 1e ) ^ _ y r u n o r t o f th e l ' . t h i n - v . n t d e a lt ' f u l l y

; t e r y im p o r ta n t ito?

A d m in ln t ■- t i on and e l .

.eh', i - c to r a . .

I s t r o n g ly rooo-^nond th e f o l lo w in g

ac " c rd c a r . - u r heavy am bulances a rc to expens ive t o run on c a s u a l jo u rn e y r , and com o t b.; used a c ro f c o u n t r y ,c e r t a in l y . r . t i l th e mv-riO •• a r r i v e s . M p rose : , I b o r r ; »

. ,

i x h o r r o r w i t h s a d d le s and b idJ llen f o r u ro o f re p re ­s e n ts ! iv :- n. d v i s i t i n g d o c to . Ti.oao can b, h 1 f o r abou t£10 a bead.

B o th th e c a r and th y ho.- •••ss w ou ld bn o d d -h e n th e l i ia s lo n v i th d r - .w , m th e c r e a to r p a r t o f th e o u t la y w ou ld be re tu rn e d .

I reco : . j.-id f o l l o w in g a l t e r - t i o a i n pay

-4 r - -r t a t i v e 1 - ? r e t : r y 1 c h ie f s u p p ly

= ■ p a rso n s , a t £20 -

-irehouoei-C: :

P o o to r r : -V pe

sod to £ 9 - - 4 p e rs o n r

rsons a t ,-r. o n t , c t f l : . - ** i i . : : f ro m £12 to £ 1 4 . -

. f"OTC £5 t o £ t " f". te f?5

's- iter. , -- b e fo re , pe ro o n r at ;

Interprater, 1 per :>n at fl

Casua l labourers, > personr at £4

o n t h ly .

"-■ r m onth.

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rfléiYAuVi!.- QIU-IOE

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ïio .y iyü .v.loxun .ro u p o lia , lu V .

à

Monaluxu1 l e Colonel T relour

Oc f jlopreHtintntivo Leaiçue oi Hâtions

à G uinouliijina

lion Colonel,

l ’ocoaaion a tv nnï'ofct à G uloouldjina u alLi-c « l a l i ;u o

n îJati.m e pom t to r n o i . vous exprim er on nia q u a li té du iîeprd-

Boirt.mt t Gouvern . n t ,m< ur.urtû . it ’ ùbre e t . ■ n a . o

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us. i 'i t \iila n i ta i i1' j o t .. i*ôtxxyi<$8 > ia, . .vulx ç ; vuhLq—

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„voua exprim ant m ; lu e v iv e r .com^uiaiumce pour t o u t ot. que

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dtîrut on.

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t l o n iGU-t. bo provUVià on t h e no- v i l l a . ’ :■ t c .

r : rad fo r tfc : purpose

II m : ■ -I- .-up-ort 4 n=d :■ -a^ - nt

:r o t i l lr. h u t . . )

The G”00It C toverm unt lB t.-nd b u i ld in g mod. ■ C; v : ■ the. new,

a t Ounuldj inti.

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-.iniraum f i g u r e . "*'« te-w • b ser p r o m t 1 - t u t up t. t h . 3GUl-tiiae theru i s - ' e 2 ' th t - f.-.rrivinr,.

Villagur iu "o-nr. ration?, ira.ued to th-- : -

no non v i l l a g e h b e , : a e a t a b l l e h v d nee.r Delei?6o to h , « n ù tb toet v our h an ( C r::uldj ina ) and 7 more, are to be c-ubl. add •- ttu

vill.-.ger. waiting tart --ill have

.unuli-in or. hand.raOQth - (until l;-th - V 3)

•i ; ; i v alouitUj end d i . ' t r i b u t e

.a: 11 - "I ................. i ,r v i i 1 ,1 i ri(. . -• Î .1 " r. .. ! f:r; " ‘HT ‘ r

f o - y 7

.11 alno supply .J.iilding

le r mjr.th ...

■'V - fa-nily (about ?£}- - -Lâliv. ,will bo --v il l-1 -, u .....

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hoad =

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r il- , ) . Toolp..

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Hand, tools, euoh ae:

spadoe,

Thogo aro best purobaead locally.

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rGuauldjima, Sith January 1923

The Deputy High Comminsiorner Leigue of Natons

for Refugees.

Attachée! h^r-to a m reporte on the following eubjrets.-

1) New Villages2) Hospital3) Hrelth and Ra4i*ntion4) Yorage (cattle)5) Personnel6) Tents

ej Hitions strength 9) Tnduetri es ner-ertaent

a) Charcoal Burningb) Brickaaking o) Laundryrt) Carpet makinge) Blanket makingf) Labour Bureau

/»;<0 Correspondence attached

T have the honour to be,

Youre faithfully

ooyytRS TONER LEAO'TF O'1’ NATION"

L

No. 1. New Villages.

r

■ new settlement at Mourhan has now 100 families. This le Its full orfflpleraent. The Greek Government has alloted this settlement i00 acreeol 3and. House building hen commenced but owing to

; runsport difficulties the work is proceeding slowly.

At Kir Tchiflik settlement 60 families have already been lnst&llad and daily additional families! are being moved from here

to Join them.

The Baucisian refugees were to have been installed in a ne”- area near Biatll. These refugees proved to be difficult to handle and very unreliable. In my opinion they hav* been contaminated by Bolshevism. They raised innumerable obstacles and objections and their bensviour neorisitated a number being expelled from the oamp, the others '■ere given r- i'e- days grace. I believ' these

people will be settled at Rongourlou.

The new village n e e T redeagntch continues to thrive, but as in all other caoes a serious shortage of forage is holding up all

ouiti vaticn.

Boring- for rater at Kirill: "iri proved a failure and ?.-e have now to dig w ’lls ’•’hich tnke much longer. Tie future settlers are being aeoe.abJ eel and as eoon as the t,-ub1 t Improves ar i tents

built (an described ’ ’ ' """'1 ' " ' wn

possibly three

Settlers for s are being aesembl-d

The work hai reason being

ixed iBhlnr nd their enuLnm

ed much lower

During the next, fortnight 1 expect the "ov.-r: rent to hand over to our care the grester number of refugee! r ■ thf new villages etc.

No.2. Hospital.

This has been established near Palazli. It liar not, progressed as fast ce could have wished. The reason ie giver under heading of "personnel". At present an average of 70 pfrronn is treated daily. On Monday the hospital -ill be open for b»d patients. In addition to the above our doctors and nurses make regular visits to villa, es and cam .s in our area. "n average of persons it;treated deily; the number is incrensing raridly. •’evrral cenee

of typhoid are under treatment.

Owing to the lack of funds as described under"Flnnnoe" the hospital -ork is badly handicapped. Our BÉbul an ces ern-ot be used for the same reason. Petrol etc. .annot be -urc' apad locally and I have not sufficient funds with which to establish credits to cover orders from the Depots In Karagatch or ^aloniea. See my letter to the Governor General, parag.

,/L, z-SCI», A M i W

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No.3. Health 4 Sanitation.

At a conference held under the Governor General at my request

the Kevalla and Salonlon areas.

Tun Koaloal Authority, report that owlns to haa housing i m l l - tione and underfeeding the people's power of resistance to dlseas

has practically vanished.

The Authorities are now preparing an order under which all

inhabitants will he oo.pul.orlly lnooul.t.a ant vaoolnatel.

The Governor General ha, particularly red»»» t e a that our I'osDltnl be responaible not onlo for our rofucoen hut for the holeof the lnhâoitante in our a r e a / Ho hae p r o m s e a to hroa us a aha»

S I .to. or.lerrd - r - otoa to errlv- very ehor-1,.

I agreed to hie request. As a natter "f fact, ''•»»»« n "ver discriminated but have treatea all who applied to as -or aid.

Obviously it was the only thing to do.

The Governor General proposes to establish two ne- hospitals one for contagious, the other for non-contagious diseases.

He intends holding a conferonce to consider ^ ? aken againe'- epidemics and has particularly requested that. a .tend.

H’he ra is no doubt that all Creek Authorities agree that the two most immortant questions demanding immediate attent ion are:

a) Medical steps against epidemics and nedicai

b) Bthe1<sufply of ‘fodder for stock.

(Note). The supplying of food to desti t u e refugees goes without

Malaria is vary prevalent here and normally breaks out in April.I request that a further supply of sulphate of quinine be sent.Perhaos some could be obtained fro-, the A.P..C.

No. 4. Forage (cattle)

(see my report to the Governor General, atteched)

It 1b not possible to over emphasise the seriousness of thle question. More depends on feeding the stock than p t f i ~ s ter . j rarrd. In tide country practically all transport is cattledra-rn. The whole of the tie.ru. work Lb dons by them. These ere Just plain facta.

All available fodder ras at first divided between all animal o*>ners. This provided barely enough to scrape through on. On top of this came urgent Army demands which have so flonlet-id supplies that all stuc; has been seriously underfed, in a great number of cases actually starving, and In about three weeks nupnlieo in general will cone to an end.

During the last two aonths many thousands of heed have died from starvation and exposure, and numbers arc dying daily.

The Greek Government, no tho General Governor informe ne negotiated to yurchase hey from .'leierr and Tunis, but th Trench Government forbade the export. If this he so, the attention of the League of Nations should be drswn to it. On the surface it looks like a deliberate effort to ruin Greece;. He also informed me that it is difficult to obtain hay from Bulgaria.

Unless aid in given to this country or the Greek Government itself can supply sufficient hay to stock owners the outlook for the coming season is very blacK indeed. Everyone her r; agrees thaï not only w111 the re'ngee farmers be unnbl■ to rroduce butthe local farmers will not bo able to cultivate up t". the average.

The result can be clearly eeen: the refugee problem willnot only not be solved but seriously add"’ to.

A limited number of motor ploughs is r liable, it is true, but these can plough only. Cattle transport in absolutely necessary for the following :

a) Carting seed grain,

c) n food supplies

of producetimber for building,etc. all supplies in towns to and from

railway stations, Tsrehoueee and businesses, in general.

h) Harrowing liigk -i--w+rr:ii) Winnowing,J) Moving refugees from conges tec', areas or to

avail*le land,etc.

The fit cattle are already overworked owing to the extra rork demanded of them.

The question of cattle feeding is no lens important than that of feeding refugees. Indeed, if tho refugee problem is to be solved by the middle of the year, the question fodder is perhaps of tho primary importance.

Grazing ’-ill not be possible until the middle or end of March.Even thon the grass will be very weak, able to support 1'fe

perhaps but not nutrative enough to be the s'le food of workln

For this district, about 4000 tons of hay ar necessary. This amount could see all the cattle safely through the winter and keep them in a fairly fit condition.

Ho.5. Het.pltel rt&ff.

This was found te bo working unnatiefactor!ly owing to absence of field experience together with a lack of Initiative end orgeat nine u t i l i t y . Dr. Cole, l i t . CMef Tootor, M i teen replao*i by Dr. Lgoroff who la ahaplng much better. The Staff has been informed that If they db not sho-- g m t n r adaptability and energy I. shall have tnem replaced by Greeks. Tho trouble la, I roar, due aoro to national charr.cterietico and training than anything elco. However, I have resnon to believe that thing# will now

continue to iwpréve.

In the event of o oecond hospital being formed T strongly reoouroend that the otaff be not Ruflsian or that It at least has a

Britiuh noctor in chnrgo of it.

Mr. Jamieson hue been dinohargad for Inefficiency. Hia olear- an.-e certificate has beer, left clean however an T d M not wleh he ehould I--- h- rtned rsoroly bec-iuie ho wr.s of no use to us as an Inter­preter. He t u paid up to the 7.0.1.S3 before leaving and has no

further clai s upon ai y League of Nation» organisation.

I bo- to point out th'it all tho médical staff contracts lapse on the 1 ' Jü.XïS, i.e., in leaf: than "• week#. The staff wants to jcnor, viiorâ it stands and is naturally becoming reatleen. Of course,I cuite underr-t.and we muet wait on decisions arrived a* in London, but rro"est that T be advised what steps r am to take now, and that •'very urgent" wires bo «eut. me r-hai: you :-ve any news on this subje) t.

Mr. Celebrownky la abaent on leave owing to very urgent family

The reminder of th- s U ; ' Lr. c.-rrying on an usual. I parti- oularlv wiv.i to report once more the value I place on the ability ana energy displayed by Ur. Kaufman, Mr. Karcou and <J.r. Sharogorodsky la tl.eir various cnpr.clties.

No.6. Tenta.

A? reported in my wire of the n t h . 1.23 No.'i'/VS», the so-called ter.tt; clo .ated by the Hclglan Government proved to bo merely weter- • root capes, aac.h ■ ith a hole through the centre for the head and n e c k . Howevi. r, v it.:. the aid of the locnl enginrern, we have constructed n now form of tent - eight of t! • cap a and some old tpntrro mavi.r.f one good tent. 'Vh'si In fact are superior to hell tents but out or 100.'. capes only 6£ them can be made. These arc to be crocted on the Kirill' Kiri site. The tl-iber for them ie already assembled and will be moved out aa soon as weather

permit- and transport Ik available.

1 request that for the future different plann be mode. As things? are at present, I am constantly i;i need of adequate funds on which to dra*- for repairs to equipment, replacements, casual labour !>dvancee to personne], unforeseen axxaeis/ir and general running expenses. Further, the necessary money to cover eeltries etc., arriver kind 1 r> vi in oonaiderobledifficulties connecte': with receiving ! t hero. Th'"iei,ore I cugpei

pending r decision of the Deputy ’ i i ; that onaccount be opened in my nare vit], locnl 'vnnch of ‘"he ':<j+icnal l i t n k of Greece. Then, T could be perni^ed to opert te or. an ovrr- drait agf.lnrt. credits provided by you, oi , a sum of nny >'.3 000 co-’li be paid into this account, an.I any expenses marte during the month

and vouched for to be replaced by your Office.

2 would be grateful If Chi a matter could tp s e £Ugd without delay. At present I have been only abl« to c. y ray,,staff hnl- salary for^past month, aa various demands have been nade upon me and the sum 66 cover salariée has not yet been received. Intthe oirouBBtanccr.. you vill i t r a y position eo far ne It concerns ny staff 1b net aa enviable one.

No.e. Rations Strength.

No.P. Indlv.Bt.rloe nopî.rtment

This Branch of our Mission opens on Saturday the 27th lnitantAt, nxci llont Office has boon proVldad ÿo/ua by the Bishop of

Oumuldjlnn and tne staff has been assembled.

l'hie Department will Ue under the direction of Mr. Kaufman and will deal with all activities outside famine. An inquiry Pure-u for our l'.oopi tai will oe attached to it.

payment of the vtni:' rreeente i> difficulty, but T have granted a email' bu:i ior initial expenses and we hope that in a very a’.iort time tr ' n fiepnrtment will, so far as running expenses arn concerned, hr- entirely self supportjtig.

ii) Charcoal Burning. The burners established near Hede- ngatch have commenced ■:roducine an n fairly large scale and should,1n th«* couree 01 tue next cou, le of months, be entirely self support­ing. Already they are not only not a burden on the financée of the Mi-'i.n, bv.t hav- actually : roduced a small profit which will go tow.ir- p establishing new indue tries us i mention below.

A new group cl* burners is being organized here (Gumuldjina) t suitable forest e-rer.iti. already beon allotted -,s for than

and u ift;v per cgr.T reduction o' t.he oîiweoftl tf-7, nor lly 54 leptar per okn, h»" been granted.

Gov. en. lesires us to control t i e vl ' business and roduce thegreat.? g p a i./io qua.: t • t y without delay. The ohiei1 reason forthin i s t h a t a t rrercni t h e a u t h o r i t i e s cannot provide any thing lite sufficlt fuel to i tor needs o ht reï «eeee arid the poor.

This industry ip assured fi/success.o c x v-iitimed however hue to -e paid In advance and so

I have hrd to advance the neceoanry nun of pone .7 froia ay too Blender

b) UriuKaaitla*;. • loni mlnj suitable sol i hasc.lr; .ü.- annotionod enl tlv: Gov. Gen. promptly offei‘s-1 to pur-

■ ha perdcntitil i " oeluv: asjOüthled. A number of expertsare clr-s-y or. our ‘renrth. The right t cut fuel to- the kiln has been granted. The necesssry tools will be purchased when the personnel will be assembled. Here again T will have to advance the

c) Laundry. Ao ther^ are a number of Fibdowe and unattached woutn as'/UR9fc the ref’geee I hrve decided to establish <- laundry.

A3 with the other industries mentioned >rrein, the number of people engaged will d«rend on the amou t of business procured.

There is at present no laundry here end I am confident lure will :ne«t with instant success. In this, again, as in all other cases, wo must advance the uecesi.ary money to cover Initial

d) . Carpet making. i’ number of fr* dvers, hand wnaverg etc., arc- looking for work.

A email factory, employing about 20 hand weavers, already exists and has more work on hand than it can cope with. Our experts are from Anatolia. if the necessary materi la and supplies can he obtained we will ptert b factory at first opportunity.

The Gov. Cen. informs me that he would like to establish a largo factory in which to enr.-loy refugees. If he can do so, I have promisee.’ ti supply the refugees e:s; lvyed with tlie necessary

e) Blanket making. The same as for carpet making. Hand made blankets are a sp-'Cialty c'ar thin oountry.

f). Labour Bureau. This may possiLly prove to be of greater assistance to out of "■ "k refugees than any of our other departmental e forts. The advertising matter and rtntlnp for this have been completed. Refugees In tfftth are being invited P.T-Q.

.nvnii thflMaolveo. I M v g been promised that, when labour il required, the Qov. Gen. rill e-r.ploy men through our Bureau.

Torgani^liifc- vl this Kxn-t ans yet been âtte^tnrt here and I am oure tbnt sa ooou as the wnrk becuT.es known the Idea will on ..eh on

8PPr=aohin6 ora.i «ill l-elgn m a t g a i M the pre.-n. of,bo3, much to the benefit of the refufeeen concerned.

h*)-.:" ■

'Â y X ; v " " ^

•’A 1’

ohs.igi) . Howevar, 1> i c f. “,u0* eorne d r a s t i c 'n o t ml « u n d e r s t o o d . T.ie u / n" ' ,: t l l i a u r i fc lo im .) oe

îû0 r ay and «>0 r r l n t to v'6 ^ *» contend with

a c t i v i t i e s a re inopeasinc-3»»3^ 0+v^n® d l <,« = - i t i e ï ! Th.Oifffcutt. tS * «M Stven to e ” g r e t ! fu l

s a ?^ 8 % ? ° H nd Y ? , ! “ f; 60tte ^ n * h lS8 t h , t 0

: : r M w ~ o i r *

E i i%8 **-eh. problem » . ^ M l * W - .

on© of* t u M i n » .» 6 " Cv ''«s.! h ut’» ; • - ■ > . .

on* htidral» t f p ^ f T ^ ‘io c to r^ e " u .e m . " p ’ :'t ^ V » 3 e t ” p le f o r I n s t e n o e , J l lB t - u i r „ v , ! * ‘: ' t 2 e b a r e s t f ' V ? !

m u s t ^ e ”g ? Z l ir' n o r » r , S , t ! f ^ t J e | !,U,;t? l n ' U ^ ' '• tee rw ia é th., £ Û Ï ? W“ J Y ” ? "10* « " I f « u r i ^ t î - r a n ï V T ” ® nor fo re : en oi-,»am = ■» ? 8 **««•»* * ,« . , v "?* Productive»=« they L s t « r i nB can " ta u d . i# "L* * l e « e i th e r Greece £Usta‘ri I l f ’s ^ Must hfivn n o t * ° tire ';g work^ r „ 4 f d to do : f»®» « o . i .

employed en th re e 'i -â ek s^é '"? 1* ' ne »*»e mar o * n ’« re” : Tak6$ • • > ; r i onleee he“

^ ? frnn.v-est ROtior. 1f n »h®ul«» they re fu s e .

and «?&£',?• r**'*'» tn r „ , „ ,

" , r e nad « - ^ e U y " ' *f t h e e - « e i U i l '

. H'-re i w ould h i , - + „being : f; i v en ;,v <7, , ° P » t n t » n t fv,B t 1n „

In tM e a r 9 a / » - h l ! « ‘t r ,CHn nrfc««, c e r t a l n L ® ! * * , 1*0 th e h e l p I* ir. r e a l i t y o f n o "’ r f l o l a i w a*P£ J ^ ! vh*e J* i* Kiven*Goal ' s pa ra d l* 0 , ^ “{?*** ynlue whatever. “ r t «° - g ra a t v a l”e

chanoc to wa r v 1" ^ ° u r »nd p la c e p e î n ï ï ° n»n e l ancl 31 «7

N * o e d , The A.R «' ' “ e u ‘ *"*PPlt«n. Th_ f h *^ ld t^ 'ey s t e p

* * • 1 ^ i î . î î i i ï ï î 8 - s y t e ,” t h ’ f ’ rm of t r „ d

A? T he vf: sait? r,3 * the M a r t i e n of fedder for o&ttle

hi.?: Rreumed a very arrioun a< r«et. Tt thout f*dd?r tr.t country

s tops iîei'.J. ray, fond, and the organizing ©f rofugsee are

QUABtleLti «<; t.üxoc u$ » 3 th e*ch f-thor, : y .V:tV*stely r e l a t e d ,

that j f, ! s- r<c t p c e e itle te sei-fiist” one from the s t h e r .

From all I have reported you will see that:

a) PI sur, fate e t c . ,b ) Fc<ud( rc) Medic»1 aid,

are absolutely neooasitry and mur t. be gi von promptly and freelyif theff vn/yi tv.nc.te r•'«>$: v r;, : :■ b v-vod‘ the :”\in of theoovntry prevaubed. I do not nx«2^e/-ate. I have been nowhern for eeiro is dr. the and in c 10 to ah "«uoh rri th thq situation.I havo written; thit s fcatnms.it d i üpdatsionately *»n-3 have invited

the or! tt clems and suggest! c.iu sf Staff an d tho G: Au the-ritt e«i. /...i si-o in agror-mcrit -

I have bean definitely informed that the G «vernirent hasneither supplies nor niieq.j;-.to funds with which t« onrry en relief work and consequently are no longer able to lav" plansfor a n y th in g f u r t h s " th a n t h 2 \ ' ? r ■ • • v-o

TV..*? iiU9rtt.W,t )V t«:*it8, 3 ";o. tosfaer&ry yodÉpo-'Atïor -or

refugee f a r m e r s , e t c ) it, tl detail, & very imhor-.wt deft,'.] «fthe who: pl.'ct of jiiaki.u0- tlio pa op.I-i Svilf eu*v)Avt ?n«r.,

t h „ i r < - th a t » r -illa a e i g i t o 9«venm en t, t* e a d ver t!eexney were eona*ng <mm« bh ou a an a a jesMls: 0.:' t w t r t , y.-t really -ont

nua^ r 'r :terpr j»: oa.utj, trws t:, put it bluntly, ridiculous. n J r-paga cannot aav» lives, nor provide a hone, nor werk,

an-, ilts parc-.c’iiar fora laacU only to ni at.-us t and bitter d- sappointment.

I am hav^.y to state that the health 1 !* the Missien Staff

A!î ”h -'t tù e T a r '-‘ .t- i. sn e rv - .L ly tiJ iv . The• *.” *»*«»» tn «*■“ • •* very vary great

cirf 1 cul t» te xndeeu , ouriuç t.ae 1 ue l : » r ca > g it ua-t V^en r*msrk*Me <n4 refl.-cts the y-^teet credit on/these who help me.

in „,v‘" « a r \ . r * y n ew demanda *& V.;.x-$o already uuboittedin my Jaut rf-p?r c to uie Je put y High Come ;.1 eaicncr when In Sofia,

f_ ï_' j?r ■’ r‘*',n 1 -fisd t --1 ci;r.fuaion while he is negotiating

w L t I,!11* 4., ?!? & decision has been reached and you can inform me

Srî> V ; tlVlt-fle £ V ; nkfcly t& c'>ver- 1 CQ11 erlve you ar.v furbher Inforitatiou j 1 neceacary.

Ko. 10. Correepondence attached.

My letter of the 1dta Jauuary 192y to tho Governor General. Note* en the conference held by the Governor General.The Gov. G e n ■ letter to me concerning position of fodder

supplies.

Notes on the Conference.

1). The Oov. Gen. requested ub to organize working parties (road making).

2 ). The Gov. (Jen. suggested blanket making ae an industry.

3 ). He proposed to establish large carpet factory In which refugees could be employed. Cel. Treloar agreed to issue the neceenmry retlone.

4). He promised all possible assistance will be given to fishing, charcoal burning and brickmaktng Industry. Government badly wants bricks and wii? purchase ouroutput. He reqvented that a :-p~ctnl application beaddressed to hint under hr oh of thoee headings « W*desired that «3' produce be handled by us and notpri7c.tely as the refugees would only be exploited bythe toms people. Ho begged that charcoal be nroduced in ltrge quantities but cold in retail to enable the poor p eo p le to obtain their share.

6). The Gov. Gen. proposed t,o establish two new hospitals one out of town for contagious diseases, the other in town for non-eontagious.

He requested that a special conference be held onthe question* of e-vM *1**03 and di a?nf eoting. He expects to receive *ery shortly vacoinos aid syrums for plague, email -vox and cholera, and remonte that our doctors tale over ail inhabitanta in our area and introduce themselvei to M s rvedioal tti/f am’ act in clone cooperation with th^m. A list of drugs and general medical stpres received by- the local etMrl X\*r il 1 b? fr«mde<fyis and in cf.ise of our being short they will supply us. All 3R.-.1 tzry M£ai3uree required nyd. oTdêtS given concerning then, will have the complete backing of his staff.

6). In order to eoonorcizetransport it was suggested that motor lirrise carry store? to certain points on the main road and that arabas will transport from thosepoints inland.

7). Cel. Treloar promised to issueratione to road menders (refugees) and 6 tente for them to live in.

8). The Gov. Gen. reported that Greece was expecting fodder from Tunis but that the French Government had forbidden the export. He asked if it Were possible for un to take steps in thomatter as the situation is extremely serious

H9 alee stated that it w&s very difficult tc obtain hay from Bulgaria (no reason was given but it was under­stood that for political reasons the Bulgarians forbade the export).

9 ). Cel. Treloar requested that labour and transport be notrequisitioned from the new villages. The Oov. C-en. has requested that a special lot ter bo written him on this subject.

10).The Gov.Gen. placed supervision of the distribution ' «nri to *•-*

norro ie tt ioD eif* rjc o tUc ,

.

1 3 ) . O w in g t u d i f f e r e n c e o f o n If n i o n a r i a d n g i b e t w e e n C o l . T r e l o a ra m . v : v ... v .cp . -v t . ' t . -m tP l o f f ; c i P l R a s p e c i a l c o n f e r e n c e v i l i

. v : ' h n ' ! '”• iy»r ioh ik l^ < t* ta iJe fo , | i» t*ea n t . » - . jr»4n i ; i®n o f t h e . d i t i n p o f t h e r . e r v j ; i p . T h e o f f i c i a l s m a i n t a i n t h a t v i l l n g e a s h o u l d

• | 1 i -:o I 5 '•’T r l OOt !'«’ ! ' ' v « B t h e o* t i e t i-'i'i l e g X e n T - . JoO* itodfrc-Jin t h e J n M p o e o n y o " o « s t h e t o n o f r i a k i r tr .

. t . t o l t M t w M 8 « n v f J o u a n i r i s e s . -

n n « e l d f j a t --

:

e * . done oAnur m 'd o# i o a a o i b b at e n ^ne a » yd V i r fi.ifld a d ^atrfto'Tq 'Cm Kb A j o n i l a e i i

yd ba*torrçxe ed y ln c M " a * ea^fi'V> ' y l a /B«onf>r"rn orf T» o ^ ad o ^ad* b e*. ,ad nil -r ••• t - i ' j

e/1» AlrlRrt» o* f f a i e l a t Mor: tifrf . r r I J î J n. • V M M l i e d * u i a t d o ®* » l g o * q t o o q

.a ? ledfre od.t , a e a a e » c i f t evo l^cdnoo i o t nwiri > > j , ; - o

. e i r. i ^ A t i v i - o?n I •. . “Vda o M e d i d e o n m e t n o o r a i o e a » h' '» •■« z p e t VI

■. ■ •

<#«* 8Te*OOf> r + n;! ‘ n t " i r r i ref.- ; £ |"l e v i n - r e d * eotrftof t n t .bar r*«rr» ^ - * ' i i «■• -

d t i ’" n o r * R i e n c o o e w r l o n i t:>a m Vu ' [i \ ' I• t o r v ^ b a » a ^ u u ' t o J a i l • . : t î

6 rre> e v ' e ' r . "f • ... : :.

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f n r f t »-«w t ï î,T » q a o « id ‘è'Çi a o n c o e > i » M c n i . ( ôa d * a a a t r r t o ty o i s » - - •» ' . n n s r r . t n o - : t . » L i ‘ ,'i e a o d f e-otT: . l iotianp"!* f l i w eadarre t » d * N js b o o t nium

.

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.f l o b M d t o l bf i r i J f l s ^ a t s v o O d o u a i ' 1. o . l * :ka J ü d a x i i v * j i o i I

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-TebiTL' aa w J t #ud n a v i j aaw c o s s e t on) a i i « s f i r f r ooi" Y«if e b e d io t o n e t i a s l n a art* anoaoa t I » o i* H o q l o i »sd# bi i-Ja

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■ I d 1 r e B . id i r r n S i t - x r d l e S t - I * ' t o e q b a - t * o e * s -vpai.t o s L d u e

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i.urnul ' j i n a , 22in. .• c r &r, 1Ç23

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Teput; i:L,..h Goinmiaeioner for /eguL’eee

League of Vatioas

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elp

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13) Pilot's attacLed

No. 1. Ne" Villages•

M O U R I I A N - 462 persons mostly in bull tr-nts.

The settlers are at work clearing the virgin ladds

of scrub preparatory to the motor ploughs turning thr

soil. This is necessary en the particular norub has

a think tough root. The land has been subdivi "d

amongst the settlers.

New Buildings. Seven farm houses are in course of

erection but work is now held u_r owing to shortage of

timber. Later in the year the Question of timber

will not be so vital as the villagers will be able to

make mud bricks. A number of stables have been made

of gra^s reeds and have proved satisfactory.

Farming. Single furrow hand nloughs a m not strong

enough to turn the virgin soil. Kotor ploughs are

awaited. The Government is supplying these. ( see

Kirlik Kiri Ho.1 Site).

-f- prnd Grain. A limited quantity is at ripdengatch and I

have asked the Military Aut orities to place Railway

Trucks at the disposal of the Civil .Authorities for

transporting this gr;iin together with a quantity of

building material.

Cattle. About 15C head. Very poor condition.

Nflr'lth.- Good.

»!or' le. Good.

Remarks. This village, with that of Songourlou and

Boubeilli (Urumbeyli) are controlled by Capt. I'unro.

Thepeople of Mourhan settlement are n good

heaith ' optimisais 1 t ano should do well.

+ lit (L U c t i l 'k M S k y ( b J - U i l i ) h n A t U a tJ

yh KutMj a\i aA/aUiMi.-

O N Q Q U R L O U - 216 persons - mostly Caucasien Greeks -

in bell tents. ( the number of settlers has been

increased during Inst week, but the figures are not

tohand). The settlers are at work clearing- the land

of scrub.

TTnrrnlng. The area allotted has been subdivided. Singfee

furro- ploughs were isnued three days ago by the Govpt.

No ploughing has yet been done owing to inclement

weather. Motor plôughs will be required to turn the

soil, as practically the whole area is virgin. Small

areas of old ploughed lands exist but are too wet to

plough at present. This a plies to several of the

As for all other villages.

Good.

Improved.

Cattle. About 50 head. Condition poor.

Remarks. These people are now a little more amenable and

appear to be anxious to carry on farming.

ft E Y L I (Roubeilli) - 85 persons - in a few old

farm houses. Clearing scrub.

Mn— Buildings. Will be erected when necessary,i ,e , - for

additional families.

Varmint:. The area has been subdivided . Small areas hffv*

been turned by hand ploughs. Motor ploughs necessary.

H e a l t h Good.

morale. Good.

Cattle. About 20. Condition poor.

Remark?. A likely lot of settlers and in earnest.

KgvL.XlU.Bf: es... Lcontd.)

S..-1-A. ï L.l - 221: persons - Thracians - in existing farm houses -

very crowded. They are asking to be accomodated in tents

on an area to tl.o ”outh. This request has been considered*

Firstly, It is necessary to ascertain the number of

intending- settlors already installed in the villages sur­

rounding the proposed site. Secondly, :ater must bo

found.

U.eri Buil/Unp-Ji. Question held over.

Peed p;raln. - ditto -

iîarnim:. - ditto -

iLeâlîiu Pair. Considerable malaria and mild dysentery reported.

Llorale. Good, considering.

Remaries. People are anxious to farm, but consider the resent

site unhealthy and ■ish to move.

K Î-I~ G...LLJ-JE...A‘ I. K » - 163 persons - Thracinnn - all in bell

tents.

Z«£aiü£jt- Small area? of old farm lands being turned by

hand ploughs.

Health. Fair only.

I orale. Very fair, improving.

Cattle. About 12. Condition poor.

£.e_narlcs. Excepting the Anatolian refugees, these' people more

than any others in our care suffered considerable hardship.

Until very recently, they Lad no cart nor cattle,

and therefore had to struggle against heavy odds. Now,

they are better equip; ed a. :'n*ious ti start work.

d ia tli' <w IlM M y L OM O ruM kd (k,

y,. .1. M ay Villa» es . (conta.1)__

K I R L I K K I R I Site - 248 persons - mostly

Anatolian Greeks and A r m e r i a n s . Hall' the number established

in raake-shift tents (made out of 1000 Belgian napes), and

half in a near-by village.

Mr- Bull dimer,. Materials are beinr a s s e m b l e d . The Governor

General has issued orders that all work is to be concentrated

on this and 011 N o . 2 site.

Farming-. Three motor ploughs (each four furrows) are at ^ork.

Heavy rains during the last fe-,r days ha v e checked operations.

Health. Fair,

Morale. Improving steadily.

R e m a r k s . Most of these people we r e absolutely destitute.

B l a n k e t s ,e t c ., and stoves ha v e been issued. Newcomers have

brought a certain number of carts and cattle with them.

Sufficient to transport fuel to the camp, and the general

situation is n o w much improve-:. The camp is situated

a bout one mile E. of Gumuldjina and about two miles W. of

the site now selected for the n ew v i l l a g e . For some time

-ater could not be found. The Turk inhabitants swore that

the area wa s waterless. A few days a g o , I discovered an

excellent spring. This was built up in the usual turkish

fashion; a long wall of stone masonry and three cement

t r o u g h s . I mention this to show how difficult it is to

get correct information abo„t this country. Incid e n t a l ÿ

no existing maps can be relied upon. It is common to find

farm houses marked as villages and vice-versa, and to be

2 or 3 miles from the ^lace indicated. Also owing to the

rolling nature of the c o u n t r y , the w i n t e r f og and the fact

that most of the villages are built in valleys or down the

s l o p e s , it is very difficult to gain a correct ides of the

arnar t h e m s e l v e s . ,

t»&Uu4 \bx okçtât _ _Uxv_ ImÂjaM A

ïla lli H,tcur, n , ô ü f f a I

-Ü 3-«JL— ttag—VAllfrgop. ( conta.

— I l1 M E K..1. ff-I SJuIçlJI jJLi. - A second spring, similar to thnt

at T'o.l site, has been located about 3 mi] en further E«

About 100 families no- in Gumuldjina are available for thinUhut £et(

area. Unfortunatoly, the Governor General w4 -t not sanction

their being moved until building has commenced. This he

hoped. wi±3 encourage the refugees to proceed to the area cf

their own free will. I have pointed out to hits the impretic-

ability of this suggestion and that thn Agricultural Te t.

hes informed ne that the houses will take three months to

build. Also, the strong necessity of acting promptly.

Finally, he stated that he would use no compulsion in acting

the refugees I therefore suggested that he should insist,

on houses being built-in the order in which i —z z & L *» occup*^

tents on the site. tie agreed to this, and I believe this

plan will achieve the desired end.

Here I would like to point out that the Governor

C-eneral although willing enough to holo In theory, is anotfer

of our cliff Jcu] tl es . Like moat politicians, he is full of

theories and charming sentiments but is afraid to take any

strong action. Recently, I wire- :r. noxiades, rlnletor

for Relief, requesting hizn to wire the Thracian Covernæent

emphacizing the necessity of placing agriculturalists on the

land and helping us in our work. His answer to no, I lave

already repeated to you b y “Mre. At t - nonent of wrlti®-

thiB report, Ï learn that the Department of Agriculture in

being removed fron, the control of the Governor reneral and

"111 »e in future under orders fror «iflq.-rt.re in "alonico.

M '- I flAt C ovfàrfJL td Ihj ■ & a < *'L (b iK

u A i: A V C H - 70V people - Anatolians. Village situottd

3 miles E. of Dedeagatch.

K& .— a u i 1 All accococatec in now wooden barracks, one room

per family type.

u o . l . Hey ____ ( o r o t A . ) —

Farmir.r. Held up owing to weather conditions and need of motor

ploughs.

Hand Crain. Supply available.

H e a l t h Very fair.

LorfliCA v ery fair.

Remarks■ As with all groups of Anatolian refugees, there!s a

great shortage of men. These of course were held in

Anatolia by the Turks or have been killed. The village

is well situated and has ample good land available. The

refugees are a good lot, and although the-' are short of

man power, I am sure the village will prosper.

Remarks on farming-, in general,.

Much rain has failed and the state of the ground makes

ploughing by motor ploughs almost impossible. However, the

weather is improving and inside the next fortnight every­

thing should be in full r-wing. As reported elsewhere,

a start has been made at Kirlik kiri. There are no t-o

ploughs at work there and a third has been promised in a

f e-- days. When these complete their present task they

will move on to T.’o.l site and then down to the southern

areas commencing probably with hourhan. "pare parts have

been sent for and as soon after they arrive as possible,

several more ploughs will be put into commission.

The Government intends settling Kirlik Kiri area as

far an possible with refugees from Anatolia. These are

the most urgently in need of assistance and the greater

part of public relief will be concerntrated on them until

they are reasonably equipped and accomodated. The rea on

for this undoubtedly is that the Government considers "-ar

may break out in which ca e the Thracian refugees would

follow a victorious Greek Army Into Eastern Thrace, while the

Anatolian refugees ould regain here. Personally, T have

al aye rubbed in the idea that it is unwise to speculate on a

vague future to the detriment of present requirements find possi­

bilities, and that if the Thracians are held back too long, it

will be too late for them to cultivate. The Governor General•s

idea is, I believe, confined to a relatively small number. The

Greek Government fcoing anxious to settle all refugees by whatever

means possible.

In spite of all the little difficulties I hove mentioned

I am nevertheless sanguine about the future.

r'

Fodder.

One thousand tons of hry arn due to arrive here on the

£8th inetont. One truck load consigned to us arriver! yest^r-

dav and we distributed it amongst our villages. This hay was

eo far as we can ascertain a gift from the Army, but I an not

sure and cannot find out for certain.

The general fodder situation in much the sane as rep rted

by me on the 24th of January. The above mentioned loco tons

is, of course, of inestimable value but much more is required

and I cannot receive an assurance that it will be forthcoming.

In the meantime, the cattle is far too ill nourished

to be if any practical use-, hence the reason ir so little

ploughing has been attempted by the refugees. However, this

1000 tons will be a great help and, after they have be^n able

to feed their animals decently for 3 or 1 days, the refugees

will undoubtedly commence‘ploughing the er-sier lands.

Another two thousand tons would work wonders,

ho.3. Tents.

Six marques and 39 bell tent" (large size) ar^ dur to

arrive from Constantinople and are on loan from the French

Military Authorities. All the marques and a few bell tents

will be issued to car Hospital.

Out of the 1000 os res aent by the Fe.'gian Government

v/e have made 105 fairly decent tents. Twenty more remain to

be made.

No.4. Government help.

T> e Governor Gener: 1 has informed me that the foil'«wing

has been nurc:aaed and is due to arrive in tl » near future:

t t / 1000 tons of hay6/ SOuO cubic metres of timberC 100 0 tons of grain (understood to e 'anitoba

C ( f Several woll boring plants

The above nu. p l es nr- r< r the "l oir

r

a).

No.5. Milk and Soup Kitchens.

At the request of the Government we have established the

abovo in the town Itself. As the only ration that could be

issued by the Government, is Bread, end as the Covt.’e dole of

two drachma per head per day for Anatolian refugees wee gfonped,

children and ai.ck could not get suitable diet. At present, v p(Vk À siU A Jvtu ip rittff'H d A j

are feeding daily 996 children^- / 527 milk end 469 soup. This

figure will be increased by £00 approximately in the next couûle

of days. Many of these children will eventually go with their

parents into one of our settlements.

Similar kitchens have or are being opened in each of our

settlements.

Ko.6. Industries t'ept.

Labour Bureau. No. registered :up to the £4/8/83

No. actuelly provided with work

934 representing4947 peonle

387 " 18*0

b)

Employed by the L.D. invarious industries £73 " 1092 "

The head of the fa ilv alone registers for work

but states at thr> tin'' the number of dependants a

him or h e r .

Included lit the number of registered am many agri­

culturalists who are being sent on to one or another

of our settlements but are not classified es having

been provided with work.

1. Tiedearatch. No. employed 54 (hen-1 s of fir-m.)

Are do in*: ell and producing steadily.

2 . purnuld .linn. No. employed 43 (heads of fam.)

Now well under way. The first consignment of

charcoal is expected to come down from tie mountain"

early next week.

in premises loaned by the Greek Bishop. Employment Is

given to 64 people. 40?' approximately heads of famille»,

remainder mostly orphans. Rome very excellent work is

being turned out including lace, women* s under garments,

and napiery. The Mission is supplying all materials

and feeding the workers wh^ receive a sum per day for their

work when the articles made by them are sold. The sum

varies according to the skill of the worker. As soon ae

a sufficient quantity of work is done to give prospective

buyers an idea of what can be turned, out, Mr. Kaufman, I/c

of the Industries Pept. will go to Halonica and arrange Bor

the sale of our output. As soon as we get in touch with

Mr. Gragg, we will ask him to do the same in Athens.

Two experts have been engaged to take charge of the

workers and to teach the apprentices,

d). Laundry. 14 people employed, all heads of families, mostly

widows. Their first efforts were very fair except in tier,

case of my own collars which were awful. That will be

improved. There have been difficulties in ge+ting euitabl

materials, such as starch, glass and blue. !"e are now

obtaining these from ^aloriica. There was also no water

available,butA drill was put down through the floor, a

pump attached ana excellent water obtained.

Pusineee is increasing.

The 3rd Corps Commander has inquired if we could under

take to wash 1L.000 articles weekly. Tf a decent contract

can be obtained, the work will be undertaken. This w i n of

course give work to more of our widows.

©)• making, I have granted a sum of money for building#

frames, purchase of wool,etc., and dyes have been ordered,

work should commence in about a fortnight's time.

There in a whole village of refugee carpet -mkers

here, hut u..fortunately our funds can only perz.it us to

-tart In a « M i l way. The services of a headman and

some of their bent w.-avers have b"en secured end T feel

sure that ei*xtK*llyx the venture will prove success.

* rinr. The roads were becoming almost Impassable,

The Authorities stated they had not sufficient funds to

carry out repairs. As the state of the roads closely

effects our settlements, t arranged to feed the workersA-

if the Government will hire its labourers *■» ouT- Pureau.

This was agreed to. Number employed 47. heeds of

Afamilies. T am informed t a~, the number -ill increase**

very shortly. Naturally, the Government pays them arxy

a wage •

No.7. Hospital.

Under P r . Egoroff•a management this has done firs

class w . rk and is more than Mpnreciated villa;nrs in

our area. Last week's report shows ;

Bed Patients 53Outdoor patients 173Total Ho. inoculated 250

'T’he area ocvored by the Hospital's activj.ti.es is

about SCO square miles. Regular visits are naid to all

surrounding villages. A wire received fro-. London stated

that the British Red Cross had agreed to ta’ e over edi cal

work and that the rec n::endations made in my last report

had been agreed to. A fortnight ago, I was informed that

Sir James Stewart and ?'r. Crag£- were about to visit us, btt

ue to the present they have not appeared.

To enable the Medical 'îtaff to carry out t*eir villare

to village visits I have sanctioned the hire of an arebe

and pair with driver for the sum of Prac’raas 8600, nominall

£6.6,0 per ::.oj,tn, the owner t j feet th< rsee; also one

riding horse at D r .1000 per month, owner to upply fodder.

As we have nono in our Stores, T have authorized the

expenditure of 4 drachma per patient per fortnight for

The French Authorities in Constantinople recently

offered us the loan of <3 marques and 39 bell tents, These

are due to arrive in a few days.

Originally, wo were supposed to have equipment for

120 beds, but many of the marques supplied were no badly

damaged that they were not worth erecting and a few were

wanted for such use as hospital stores, dospenaary and

waiting room for outdoor patients and a mess for the

staff,etc.ti The 6 marques I will issue to the Hospital

immediately they arrive.

nr. Goss has resigned owing to rheumatism and leave"

for Vienna on the 11.3.L3. The matron and on» of the

sisters may also go, but ne1" staff is available whenever

required.

I have O.K.d the purchased of galoches for the sisters

Altogether, the hospital is a first class show and is

doing excellent work.

No.8. Health and Sanitation.

So far, serious epidemics have been kept in check.

Nevertheless, I requested the Governor General to

order compulsory inoculât one, but at present he does not

view the suggestion favourably.

The health Commission is demanding evacuation of

refuges frou. the overcrowded sections of this town, ^his

may help us to force the Gov. Gen.'s hands

Our Constantinople Off ce has informed me tha4- they

cannot obtain su;plies of sulphate of quinine. I am hoping

the B.R.C. train will be able to supply us with some.

No.9. Finance.

The Hospital Staff has been paid up to the 11th Febru­

ary 1923. This closes the Lady Rumbold Fund Account so

fen. as it concerns our Hospital. I assume that in future

funds will be forthcoming from the E.R.C. and am thereto»®

anxiously awaiting the arrival of Sir .'araes Stewart.

When in Constantinople, I received a sum of 6600 from

î,:r. Childs who has informed me that we may expect no further

funds from the League of Nations. I have now sufficient

funds on hand to enable me to carry on until the end of

March. We must however go steadily.

IIo.lO. Rptions Strength.

Last weeks' figures were :

Mourhan 462Songourlou 215Urum Beyli 85EiPtli 222Kir Chiflik 183Kirlik K.iri Hxi

No.l site 248No.2 " nil.(100 families waiting in

Gumuldjina).Dedeagatch 700Widows &

unattachedwomen 164

Children and nursing mothers996 Industries 273Hospital 53

Total 3501

The above number will be more tlnn doubled inside the

next month and I request that further supplies be bnsed on

the original estimate of 10,000 people. As you are aw«re

from my previous reports, we suffered heavy losses in finir

owing to bad sacks and losses in stores in general owing bo

a col liston on the Hallways. .

No. 10. Staff.P.T.O.

No.10. Staff.

Tt been found nccesory to engage » number of store­

keepers for the v,rlou. villages. It 1. not possible to

trol our stores without then. Average pay « « i s » * « 0 0 dr.

per person per month with rations. Eventually we will need

e of them. Also, I Have'found It n-oeesary to engage a

number of casual labourer, at an average rate of 750 dr. per

person per month. Their number fluctuates.

I will be glad to hear if the recommendations T have made

respecting proposed Increases of pay » my staff have been

agreed to. Their present pay is inad-quate.

.S ” '

G u m u l d J i n a , 7th I.:aroh 192.1

To the D e puty high Commissioner for Refugees

League of ?:at,ioriB

Constantinople

Sir

Enclosed herewith is statements of accounts for the

lission u nder my command for the period 15 October 1 9?P. to

28th F e bruary 1923. Yo u will notice that the .£302 remitted

by you is not included. Since balancing the books this sum has c

come to hand.

I particularly wi s h to draw your attention to the v erir

small sum expended on our first effort in Eastern Thrace, and

to the fact that the amount spent on establishing various

industries has almost been balanced by the profits received.

You will no doubt appréciât-' the fact that t: is is very

exceptional and reflects great credit on t’.r* Efforts made by

my nubordinates c o n c e r n e d t o whose keaness in carrying out

the various plans and undertaking this success is due.

I regret the statement was not rendered earlier. As v'u

know, each representative had in the beginning, a separate

imprest account. Duri n g the evacuation an<1 later when groups

were isolated and when remittances failed to come to hand

promptly these accounts became very involved and it was only

after g reat difficulty they were put in order.

YOU**" I t

T. AGUE OF NAT 10!""

REFUGEE MÏSSI0T'

THRACE AMn GREECE

Cumuldjlnâ, \ z Apri l 1323

; )The ' « r i u t y i t:h vo: l f l e io n e r

for RefugeesLf apiK- f Natione

• b, Albany, Flcowcilly,

r i r ,

y t'-lnj-ri' received lce t night fro* r . Child», Conatentln- o p lp O f f l o r , I hevn been i n s t r u c t e d t o fo iN ard d i r e c t f ; t» l

' • l«e ionpr a r e p o r t , c o v e r in g t h - - o rk i , ' i i t e r n - r âc* o'" t n o : i a e l o n ui .dpr ny oomnand.

neva i n timei m t i n s t a n t , a V . r i I i

tn e wor «oconrlls î-.n-; by th e i i r - i o n i r • i> i . - * n rbeen dee- n.tch--- t , t v - i 6l. v.ou. i e g i o n e r (copy Ptt«ohf>ri'■'!

• i S t r ”orl!lc' 1 - :« •*" '» n r > » , , t„, - ° ” I » v l w 08001 - : i l o « . ■ 01 ru ,»«tJ /olo uni alonlcc r e e j ac t iv e ly , m u t - , "ednerntoh on t',«

Contact ee m.. , -it, t, « c iv i l ^ L o r l t t e r »,, - - .. m - c c i

— a a r n a ï o L A s w b . m i n - : i o n —

en «,<• »t*« -, f ,- . .... e< » f ro : el t r 1 rtc» . „' - ’ ' - r'-:- ' Il lr.< ! 01 il, •. , , . . . r ... .

! - ■ ' ->ren, Cavalla, 1 ict e l l 1 ■ t■' *e reported »lrm - or . . . . ; „ ï

! • î . . . . . . 'lce r l .................

I • row th. ver -. ■ , cuv«rreto .. »t t ,

■ " r l 6e o ei lu a - -v , . *« < ' * . ■

■ r, . $ , t ofx L' ' ■ >r> uee'o

' :it9 lv tL h,rii0'j r •*•»' ore overerowûe - i t ' r f - <•»*w aited f o r d w s t o r c.' »: c» t-. u n i os

t ■ ï ï *'■ f0° « i t f f If f e l t tool' i t* to l l ■; tl ■ ( .ver a t 41 In i t 1 ’BUJ ; l i e r : .

. . v: ' ; u 1 1 r mfortrroiui

tii<

— - - ...........• • -4 - • vv v i ■ . ■ ■ , - v* •- •

? ..u r l , tl. '- v !•' l.ar< - rwtLfir at \.vnt a r ’. ~ r$,t:.cr or ;v» ti»r.

. " : " ' ■

U o ‘,nt o r u e Cr’Ul LP a l l 0 t V '' ffl0rr' * • i c i . - ' t 0, 6c‘n^ r nt

U )

> '"’he T refec* Fvtnt; been tdvlsrd of our srrlvnl had tiefree teat difficulty ir. : roviding, for thr eirht nr - , era of our 100ion, our l»Tfc »IV UlO R; <• 11 rOOCiS, en "Vf!. theer -

actually deatirn for the Chief of the General PtetT du» t arrive on tl.e following d»y.

Aftrr the dlffieul tier, ant lardai t' of thr flight fro eastern .rece end An&tolie wore over, the rrfugeen, with little toj.think nbout rxce.t their own ii..ir.'?di»te want'*, -’an: Into deeper en<t deeper depression.

Picture thr situation. After ten to fifteen f'eyn* Journée, with the scantiest aupply of food and water, «It llttlr or no sleep en'' no shelter ^het^ver during tip severe weather of “ove^ber, with thousands of suffering children, the dreadful hard ah1er endured by lothere and bebier. ,burd«nec' wit the sick an<' et r ", these refugees arrivr in e town where ti ere et- n line-lt-1 ar« aoutr shortage of food, nnr? -• ich * bb Qürenuy overcrowded by the Arry and disor* «alzed by thousands of de- obilize soldier? waiting to be transported to Old Greece.

P original policy of r f nizint fa-dint stations nt thn hr: fige headson the ,;«ritca ran irspraoticable, firstly, becouer ur ~torr< whichwere trans-vhi -red at Hod'eto, had not yet readied edeegatoh andeeoon ' ■ , vei I they ad, it as 1 > 1 nvoy toreinort var< against th< t rea refuj eee. al , ! .• • co or !with the tiigh CocmisBloner*s wheat purchasing ache e, two of our four representatives he proceeded to Adrianople. Conc-r..! ; • t) Ip, efforts to save wfcent ere u..auvcee:-ful, iainly o"’ln t.: tï r lnsin- oerety of a "nrles, .a train do-1er at Lulé p.urgaa who contr-.llec the largest su^i lies ' grain in the district and •• ith w: or ;.y

« ........ ociate.to my knowledge that tl.i. nan refusai’ all o.-ierr. or 1 fr thr Interellie Co. ■ lesion ant: nlthough hr har , I believe, re»; vrai*

ner, h< wi at the sidespatching #rein t Constantinople.

a m 'elegra \ ten: being entirely disprganl e(It etill taken f to i • days to * et a letter fro?- Cons*er; tinonle'

_ we could ri rrlvalv f our a . re eoLde

t • 1se 1 e tch. i be]with the Civil "uti.oritieo find n plan t llitarlrr t> r ref ,-r«*

• • ■ : . ...., U' deitente, erverel • t c 1." of which w#*rr alrei:-'*’ c is-4 r '. ' \i*r t thrrefugees bv the ' >vern: -'nt, and wile., h b e e n ritohr- i,. t’ - town

>n the roi . . . - , block! chokiort.

, ' Ion, Ipllni-

Les. n ....no* tacher: to 1

have ter'.": Inv? lue VI ••, van attached to tie *t>»ff.

’he f rat c- p was ritehee abovt one I lunetrr fr the town.

ro thr ver • first soient we :.et '."it; loi-u-.-.erat- : r an-’, unf-re- oe-n diff lc-l tire. e had r ckone . on the refugees tn« - riven help! I., t pltc: t n t - EUi■' ■ rovidr j-?! t -* . i * c • « tr-• >rt an-*

lour r e q u l r i . lch> . . . . . . . . .

end der,9îl(»0 œ#»t »lth r fiat refusai. "’he refugeer? r»r'* ce-vleteiy fart un, exhausted, but «v«r pur boo* -tth t e Id*'* the* toriorro- they woul> novr or be nov»'' further wnpt. Inter, thlr feellnf change1 to full convi^ctlon tl.«t t’ ny WOUlt all r ovr rftfif r>aln. Tr. very Mm: cases 1 etl] e re let . the Intern» ni •• • t **oontlnv.ally h- ..nerf our ’"o1':. "’he lvll uthoriticr», thour?

rr- ’ t ■ . . ' ' 1 0606. T1•aiîiterv euthori.tler '"rn eeler' to p..-' r sfoell forer •v r r r pinc**--' et our ôlepoael. "y t le tir.» the refnr^es wr-re corr 1 et--} v ou* of hand. frit'* had t e te ken cl -wn b- fore- tort, rit: the bag : e of tî;e occupent h , place on :,«otor lorrl en eu transportée to the ce- p elte o^lecte'.:. '’he refugees oould >t undera ai thnt -#) w er* ~ orking to 1- i»ovo *' etr position. The or.en «-ere hopelessly hvatericcl, throwing ther.oe] veR on t'r frounc end soreaœlng out against every order or request. The nly explanation for their extraordinary conduct Is that they he-' el u+ reaclr- the end of thelr nervous resources, Led loat faith in eli e--t: oritlee and resente* any Interference '-it: tlelr o^n desiree end, as mentioned earlier, they clu. g to tie ide* of moving further west.

Aft' r very greet difficulties f.c fa.-ilierr were estefcliel.ee: in the camp, but overnight, at least half oi theer clear*- out, ten tj and all, n/.d returned to tl> port.

stronger measures were deter lr.e< on. Cae orderi wei laaued hel< In* ti « oocu ante of enc first and thir r.t rei <ior the one In between." iukhtars w»re elected an-* ’ eld responsi­ble for secttone of the camp. Any d.ieobc'*? rnoe -a a to h» r niched by expulsion both fro t-<• tent end camp. Fortunately tt wnr only necessary t ’eke s-'d action In a few cases, ' ut t* ev -serve "• to est#-.' 1 inh discipline in the osr.r. end res • c* ? - our authority.

ually, • 1 c&r.p , : , t e resistance « soressa . . i ; 1 1 c. Rtfi t V( ■■■■•■• | | ; .

nised. "oon ouN* ca.âp contained ’w tenta sheltering about * tel people.

In the aeenti.:.o various works -ver» .-eing earrîe-: ut. 'ug rUtstabl $s : .?• !i - » fiv--.iv; , a refectory f •• ... il rei , an etc.*ere built. All the wor’.: raa done by carp refugees wh-•■ »Iwn su liqd thf oooset *y tools exce ti.:,. a ’e^ whlol had t<

- - e<t

’he Army attached âdici mit t t e cai an aubulanca where 1C to 7l people were trf,rt dell--.

fn the oeentlne the Cover-;:.e ' had co- encer’ to Ipaur rally about l: ounces per hand of broml and, aoi.» of our own •• oii«P ^ having arriver, vegetablee, ?r.ili an other OOS.-O'M «•!»'• =*>>-«=> a i to tl < rstl on. It « * at arenta »ei

t . -kitchen van estrbliche-1 where all ci.il Iren u: to 1- *'^ere rrf'-'ve « daily iepue of e cup of - ilk or soup a m « pi^ce of t,re«d.

e»nit.ary rceaeuras were in».titut*v. a m lr.rirt^ upon.

The littery authorities ev, :. > • c^r* in •• . -r eort' e ref u#-eee cattle.

<Dr t r z j by ntrp » < • euoooodmi In # •< a, t t . < rof.iK— f t w H » «

the n.c..rlty of -utu-l u»u ..." tl-.n r eblt-Mlen te -.vot. r-rt of their tic.* en. t> t),e emierei -elt»r» of the cerr- endth.lr Iren fortunate brethren.

"ow -<* Hi! eateblloheti the only organized e*n|> i -ot-'n Thrice eof* not only « » fore- a- longer required t-: ae. * refuse*, abandon their «Mi destructive attitude,but epplloatloni to enroll -ven froL eo fer »*et M neodonla, were reoolve In hunt.rede.

oe,) the ”0 6 » conclusive proof o tlie oouiutoeen of our policy om e when « deputation fro.:, iuv fanillen In el mice begged for pernleel" to brin# these fezlltee to our eon». (Thin «.. amply confirmed » w*ek ago when the . ecedonian Government wlre. me urging that the ! lesion e>t«Ji'! lte worn to that district, anrt particularly te the capital, "«Ionic*. Unhappily, our present funds could not permit of this).

A second feeding station ^aa established et. ••«daepatch Pallw»7 station ai '••• here an aver* • of 701 ohildrei weri f< dally. The persoui el >f Lady I u ib*l *a • 1 : rabuls wereIn charge ar.r., In addition to reeling th» children, lnar-ecte; thaw daily and grave treatment where necessary a/: generally super-vlBert the sanitation of the area.

A third feeding station •■'■•ae oetablished et ''îdekli or the raritsa. -re an average of :tvv ratione were ineund daily to refugeeb In transit. and aleo to a f w more or leap net*.’ «r there.

It nun, however, soon closed owing to t> <* ''tcplon r-ovinfc further into ”Rterr: Thrace fluid the necessity ol concentrating our effort.

v . y rw sT lu±.'. — ^jjil^ALLÆT—lJ2-* ::'r 'rthe carip van in running order it wae f«1 t t..at the refusers flhon be provided wit;: aoir.* kind of wor;- in .-rder that their taors1 tone wight be sustained or, better still, improve’ . rhe c»eip co-mary. ej aron J. r bureau. M l r ?fu ej

were divided Into ;roups aocoroiu». t■ their occ*. : • t Lone an< a speo f section of cert r*n o*ttie owners wus for e'..

In a short time, application'-- for various kinds of tredesaen and carter: -ere receive'!. The ' uulelr-.llty, the "refacture an

client». M 0 0 , prac11 oe 11 y al t unload* I of the lesion'i ?tores >y rel.... ess fi ■ tTi.lt-: saved the iecion from about ’’■0 to 41 percent of expen es.

r ay e ear etrang< at,who • any rareof tioi hot a sent to t Lon* oar 1 >uj I

tedl labour oould bo hi tthe fact that there Li

to whlc- application coulc be r.ade.

The M s s ion had no funds *vith which to start industries ro evied on i t p labour, 1

«boat a no th thir tax brought in ;.v4.x dr.-cJ ;..<*■?, <»o :1 voient to about .1 . at t at time*, am' w M c h wae sufficient to rf-r .« ~ 11

A. th<’ t o wn was ou Vf e r in t . f r o . i e f * . irv*. I t was dec ined

(r>)

to start * charcoal burning, industry. About «K .n-M and a nuriber of u-rt" -■ ere -npl»>yeti. In a. very 'hort tl - e a yufflcten* -vj.-ntity of charcoal -aa ivrt:.coinin':' to supply the ne-V* of the c**:? un-4 -1) the rrfui.nf>B in to-n. Incidentally, t;.'- prie» '”»a 4vr lo»»r t> *n that previously prevailing and still loft IT,-' profit to c^ver c~p*•j; . j- j the quantlt; .-•-•.secured ouch needed furl for the ref atme* In tv e Cf-'p nf* in to - n , preserve the fruit end oak tr»»ea from b«>ing f r * troy*»d ; rr-’ 'C^d th* coat of fuel, püir4 tax to the Government and orovV't’d work for refugee*. "urin* on e* optionally o el : of s^vor" «"'•ther tl— only fuel available in to n for thn entire civil and to sone extent military needs -ae that supplied by the refue»e car p.

the * ’ •e*puty1 y Iflh^Co^l to i oner had requested that our efforts "be directed toward a helping; refugee® to beooie self aupportinf and to confine our efforts t thi policy bo far «a poeM" i *>. 'ni i f* tea been one. The general idea ran to try to establish ur to 10000 people on the land and to support thetr until their crops "houlc* corr'' in. Ten thousand is r very >?■ *11 number when co-par" 1 •*•1 t’ the tot.»] n.ffiber of refugee^ requiring auC help, but. unfortune tel y our

^ funda do not support a bigger effort.

Our ne« supplies had arrive?’, n r -• v»er« quickly lander' tnd stored mhe Government rr.ii the O'.at of unloading, but other e r p e n e s u c k a oart'ge etc., had to Ue borne by our elves. The flour arrived in bags utterly unfit for une. the rosult over iOT* of our flourwas loat beaiuea what oould have been realised t r o r tVe sale of eapty p.»c-.;i had t.- «”• beer reaa nably good. tn additl >n to t la,I had to employ a number of men for mending then, both •n * the port an the warehouse izoaxtffirxxxat ot! er"ise a vt»r'r greater lorn -ouId have been entailed.

C: the 'tl: of ’ 'V‘> irr I went f fiunuldJina and interviewed the Governor ; en<jral. I ir.pree.iec'. u"on hir. t: e fact t-hat only hr

Ipor-.sitl e and providing the:. vit?- the • r-nn to :roduc', could tho ofuge roblem be sojve< . Our general eche e was cuos<

it ion op« "«the sea. : r s tht erlty

of the ’*'#=*?. t.f.er and inereasint tran«: ort di "f icultiei; threatened to nake our tank of settling f nr-er» a fonaldabl e one.

The Governor Goner- . ••w.: hi - '•«- art- -nta! *tnff took thn greatest interest ia our proposal and expresse- t’.eir gr*tt tude and their keen desire to coor-e»*»-te i•. every way. Tt g'*#»n wi t ou+ eaying tl at th nr •’> ",an a (a.i.-: the '..ost ur* ont, request that ahoul>* extend our work. Pliis however • a • always been 11- ite. hplnly t • tl s^allnumber of tente at our dioi ^nl.

-, v.. t. very olea t toe that the most L : eati sall, apart fro . t - necessity >f feed 1né the refugees, supplying of fodi'er, tents and seed . rain.

Unhaii ily this hay proved only too true. wing to the ex ortagp of fur.es : i . w never : ai en adequate r up ply ' 4 «'•;t>-. * ut* tnne of thousands z,f a, rioultural :*uilles can .ot be put on the owingto the 1 ac; of t«cj orery shr : ter an»- thousant’ b of bend f c ttlr

e< an r ■ any ore are t? 2 ’ yint frc starvation,i . t ai

( 6 )

diotrlbuted *c required.

e . TOVT'. T!» ct;: ULT'JIiiA-. T h e -.covr o f t h e l » » l o n f r o r ' « i e ’ ^ t e l it o Ouemlfjlnr t o 3/ plaoe between the 4th mi'; l o t h > —i-t.er. heM i l i t a r y u thor i t l e e , who co n t r o l th e r a i lw a y s , Rev» up * 11 no-=pl r n e e l e t e n c e . I:, CumulUJlne a were).ou»» an. two personne' l .oujej ere place? e t our f i ' . p o s a i anil the Governor General furn ishe d en O ff i ce for w In the .ext rooo t> h i s in Government Headquarter».

nurlnr tie rove a colliealon occurred between IS trucks loelefl with our n*orea an.’ • • anec.it er train. Fort inat.ely our loss -as

unimportant.

7 . HE"1 village" ■ ( s e e map a' t a c h e . l ' . Sonrourlou 'afle l r ' c h U l t v -e e a t a b l i e h e d a o e t o f the f a m i l i e s from our o]r c - - r In 'e deagatoh; 6 a u oa » i« i f reek a in the former and "hraoi.-ne in the lAttor our first sot tic. .cut was eatab. ies-er. et ...our r.«*n • cnirllK.S h i t consisted of refugees i'rc. Altlntash (Thrace'. !lnce that two Villa no have b-on eetabllshe at Cirlil irl,the first with refugees from AaLa ' inor, Greeks and Araenlana, and the second with Caucasien and Pontes Greeks. Three more settlement? have been es + abliebe.- -1 Phanar, -’eve Chiflik and rta Kishla, end contain refugees from Tes tern Thrace. .11 the refugees in the above places are accomodated inbell tents. The re .finder of the refugees on our strength ere settle- in far. houses in Urumbeyll, Biatli, Anakeuy, Mr eh eler,Ortatijl and ’aekeuy. urther progress is almost impossible until

further tents arrive.

?.*otor ploughs have turned u sufficient soil af Kirlik kiri ‘ o .1 eite and are nor working at rirllk : iri . o.::, r.‘.ourhan end 'ongourlou.At other vlaces our refugees are not idle but are doing «11 in tv eir nower to ore:are the// soil for sowing V is season. They are deeve- rately handicapped, however, by the wrote e1 to of their cattle,

due to the shortage of fodder.

A quantity of sutler wheat ha g been issued and naise for late

sowing is available.

r-o far 4roe people have been definitely settled end during the cowing wee*, if i d tente lent by the rltish Hcd Cross arrive, abo-t .-uv more ref-. t.eec will be put on the highwey to Independence end prosperity. In addition to this, the rave the Children's Fund have* rrented the : iscion a sum of ISC pounds sterling for the ourcbapo

of more tenta.

On Kirlik Kiri o.l site the Covemaedit ie engaged in building a model village an-' in the next few dfys eimil-r work ill cnvn-.mce on site ’ A start wae made at ...ourhan, but for the momentthis work is.- h'-lti u or in, to the more urgent needs of t two previously mentioned places.

i:. TNPU"T;- !'■'■' j./'-Oiii' V'.’K'hAU. It was decided to lucre :-e ourActivities in f i s direction an-1 t this end * urea • ’ •* onenei in fuauld jln" for the re. letretlon of out of worh refugees. "’hey w »re divided Into two groups, agricultural1st• who were sent to »r.o. to be deal t '-it;-, and shilled end uziskllle1 le ourers. Tt wea d-termlned that the w:r> a' ould be established on a business basis. 7hlo was essential ir. order t at, on the departure of the lesion, the btal- nesees started s’, ou Id be entirely self supporting. rap-ment *•.» to be made for place ~ ork excepting in the cane of overseers who -ould

lymen lu roe > ■

( 7 )

all of then received ratlona according to the aca]a luid do**n for refugee». Ae the numb or» regleterlng were f**r In exceas of those who oou] U*h« be#* employe prefereno« wee given to ***** eupport^rr of large families end to widows end orphan*. In thle wey fro; 46<- to 550 men and women sre employed. It reallv -neanf that about : v<_v people reçoive support. Thin figure it1 based on the fact tJ.et the average fa,..ily conr ^te of from 4 to r> member*.

mhe following industries eve been established:

a) Leundry, employing 30 widows anr' -1 men *11 supporting fa-llles.reside* a number of private customers, the local civil and

military hosoltals, the Dritlsh Red Cr.->sa Hospital, pract, c«lly ell military units In this district heve tholr washing dona In our Laundry. incidentally the nllltery alone send about l - ,000 pieces weekly-. Ar , a large quantity of wooa la required, w-.>rk of trana- portlin; It Ir given to more bea.-a of familles. "Ithin 6 weeks of it:: 'lace tlon the laundry has bee a self supporting and hao over. cor.r;«nced repaying capital originally advanced.

A b) Embroidery and Lace. bout ?, women an< girle, most -and orphana are working in this section. :*tens have br»n taken for the sale of products in . ngland and France. Recently an exhibition of the work was held here and about 50" of the articles were promptly sold. The Governor -enersl wee so irçp i ttve of the wort that ho donate* the sum d 6uo< dree mee 1 its uppcrt

W tUk* tutu

o) Carpets. Among the refugees a considerable number ofcr.rpet makers from Anatolia. These people bel-.g quite untrained for any other line >: work, coul< not fli )y mit.resolved to atnrt this industry In a auall way in order that r* might ascrrtain whether It could become self supporting. At *>r present, r»e have two frames in use providing work for 1C women end girls. Our first thro* car eta - ere sol w’.illo yet on the looms, ^etweon here and ^erren tV.ere are known t be at le*st 1000 carp»t makers out of work.

From the experience gaine».we think It will be safe to enlarge thin section but It requires considerable capital end at present

<-\ have not suffi.d e n t funds to do so.

d) Charcoal. The section at Pedeegeto! has already been dealt with. It is now fir ly eetab'isher;. A second section has esn started at f'umuldjina. Over 15k' male refugees ar-- r .ployad anr! core than 10(0 okco of charcoal are sold dally. fit tl.r request of the d-.vernor General, the ,.reat .roportlon of the output la retaile in a":all quantities to all ,w the poor to benefit and to prevent profiteering.

e) rick.iakln; an" lime burning. On the a a::.» banip ’we ar« starting the -bove lndu ♦rloe in connection with the 7overnc#»nt far.:, building acheme. loti, these sections ▼’ill be support byGovernment and private contract*. About 50 he' t of famllleewill be employed an-'1 the ‘-’tetr will benefit very matar'. ally aa bricks «•ill be supplied at, about f*v: of the non.a", market vrlcc.

f) Roadnaking. A;*- the main roar1 runnin* through the far- lng ar»a « H o t t e , to ua was rapidly becoming Impassable ar. the transporting of re uge^e and etor*e w*: bain seriously o t factor w- decided, in conjunction with the vem- «-nt, to organise a

iè)

• t o m . mendin# Ffr.ti of lov refugees. aouc *orn tic minimum rate» 07 tne uvveriuuent «ni. lev «uu ün.eltei: eu U.y un. Ihia proveu to Uti a' 6re»t üoOu t~ «li the ulatrivt onu w* reutuve- the personal

01 the uuvei'üor venereù «nu v.w.u. vï the uort u louateu

It/tti tu De I Ogr- tlCU tiiat Oui luuu» uu nùt pemt t u» tu uevolup tnoee itkcuntries on e l^rgr-r ecele, thue enabling ur to provide tiorr "-ork for rel’ugeen or» « round t-usinese bsplp, thereby uaklz* the;: Inde vendent and relieving the s Vte of a v»rv heavy burden.

9 ) Tents. Tlile report will be incomplete if I did not dwell o/ioe more on the preealng need of tents. Had we had a suf-"lct«nt number, the whole 10000 refugees who were originally provided for would have 1 ont. since be*n Buttled on the land • It,-is true thatcany refugee farmers can be end are accomodetr In far» houses,In fact the latter are seriously overcrowded -Ith them, but the greater number of refugee farmers are and car. only be eocomodatecl In to^nr an.", it la not possible to put ti e on the lend, parti­cularly on to ne- areay, unlees some for;; of te:, porary shelter,

<"s auch ?'• tento, la available. At one time I had great hopesthat a th us and tente would be sent ne and duly reported the matter. Theee '-ere eaid to be the gift of the Belgian Government. Together «1th tie representative oi the inistry of Agriculture I taede «11 plane to Inotal 1000 families. To my intene* 'Maar- polntment the promis»'. tente proved to be merely military caves.However, we had to mako the beet of e bad Jot. A very excellentfor: of hut. was devised, each one being cohere' ith capra t.d the renslnr of old bell tents. These are superior to b*ll tents but - what ia IPS against 3u v reckoned on *

The British Red Cross have 1 ane- un, altogether, tents nnc the "«vs the Children Fund have, «s already stated, generously granted 2Fv pounds Pterfclng for the purchase of another ICC ap;ro- xiaately.

rp ntlll require at loast 1000 more tents

I might add, there are still 'îü.QvC families fagricultural refugees> in estern Thrace writing tc be settlor* on. the land b u >: gc far e r 7 can o.l..

10) Fodder. A n foreshadowed in my first reporte an aout shortage of fodder nor existe. With t*.« oxce. tion of eeuio cor* fortunate local Inhabitants, it amount» to famine. The whole of the transport of this country, being cattle drawn, is on the ver • it com let» break down. From nor.the «-e have had the greatest difficulty In ovlng refugees to eelected are-. and keeping them euprlied ’-it foot1, etc., but in one ~ey or another this difficulty ha«S been overcome, usually by r ;uieitioniny the cat?1, r* of local peasant?. tow, as everyone muet, of cnursr, cultivât»* his field;-, these cattle are no longer available. In any case, these people themselves are rapidly coming to the end of their fodr*»r supplies. The refugees cattl•' are :aere skin "nd bones. T t is estimated that over jV.’ have died and many of the revsiiv’er c*nnot survive. It io marvellous how they can be worked at all.

11) ' oral0. )n the whole t r • . • not' ' , ■ '

(tO

1 MU Ht b F r<e— OT"bf'r('d that UJ." tO the t ey b«vr ■*•-Wreceive a c^rt-in --.ount or help. It In true that they -re dll ic 11 t * ' ■, : t wl refugees no1 I b o , atthey erp tl eir cattle dyint and th' pros-ect? of f-rrdn#- t>lr sea a on radin* away, It >nly romain* for help be out oti to drive theee >eoi le to dee air. However, *efforts err being- nade to help them tl,ey seldom fell to r^r-'irv’.

It requires something more than *Rf9 vilu, .oliov. t>-tmay ulti- etely demoralized them. constructive help e* o h.anf*

In 1 *nd r*ith rations.

?’*re ! should like to say that fro the long oxr'er• e-.,oe I have had anr! from the opinions expresse*- by el, .ost *verv relief worker I h-ave cone lr, oont-vt with, I am firmly convinced the* givii.r unconditional relief to refugee® lo onl" onr at?p better tlan plving them nothing. By d ing b o , their bodies are fa", it ip true, but their chrractera ere ruined and they become utterly worthless citiyens, truculent, arbitrary end firmly convinced oftta/rdlvlne right to receive food f • nothing m u flatly rofuring to acoept work of fere-". Please re.^e-’ber that1 a..-, not ? -eaVr-nf of Oreekc but of refugees in .• enerel. Tn our

a, o n ' to oui olIcy, t - :es been very Little trouble.■■■■« ü f f iculttes there are arise out of the feet thet the refugees, who si- ;..OBtly crowded in towns, are being fed unconditionally by American «.v- ot: er organizations, and thu peasant or labourer whose mental equltv.ent le limited, can hardly be Induced to leav" the comparative flea: poto of the to».-. for the stem reality of the c-untry. r.ven when he does, It takes soue reek - to ra*î» cet»» the b*v effects of his recent training anr lea-' h:!- tn re»llre that hiv only right ia hie rir t to r o m for e living, end V. »t he cannot e;: rct to receive foon unleee he doen no.

Again, to start feeding refugees then suddenly to reduce rations ar -«n "Inducement” for people to fir. w-rh 1ft » short flighted, frequently inhuman policy.

hen ref - • er, swarsa into * lace V eil ficulttee,e- : ci •* earning their livelihood ir concerned, -.pis'- out of the

/-v fact that their advent creates a sur.luo of labour on the M>rUetor the? fiv/: that their particular trade woe te rith nr- local demand. The - ia of all rgai is-tions «hou/* therefore e toor. •ni:1'» the r-f geea, endeavour to et*»rt them 1 business*?-. of their owu or fit the . in tv t-.v economic •i.-.uhi-.ery. To this en-" sufficient funds should be place- at th» d . ;n-l o:" the ’.r-c of the o n *.i dation concern ::. In my u.inion, it is hayo,.d a nergu t, etter to feei a smaller i • 1 nut theoi.. L. fir feet than to feed a larger number and I • + ••••'*, have to

lesvi in t i ' # ■before.

tho - vvw• .*0 under ta >e c • r. ctive wor«c . *-.c; V e,« *>j* I • : .er*full of Initiative a;-.*; f o i l ity. l.*c.. o: the l»at cr-lltyi«e • . e s o i • ■ ■ th others thlquality nan been strvngly ..-r,:ec R id It ia on tl -ae non o ie ■ nstdepend .ore *jk: rvre. Tt l a the unexpected, t. e a path of th-refugees, 1 .nt eucuessio .r • 1 -• oint.' to, all the wpa.^:.ep:-ee enc bad ('.Lalities of hu-,an ntture Lroue : t to i: e aurfaoe by

ispair, an< s aurr . iini that uat be : " c .

(10)

Nothing 1 b normal except the abnormal state of everything.

18) General. We are not coping with a famine, but with an unemployment problem, of so vast a nature that if help of the proper constructive kind be not forthcoming the country will be brought face to face with the possibility of famine and ruin. Over one fourth of the entire population is without work or «ny prospect of it unless organized help in given to them and to the Greek Government

All organizations should wo k together to this end. A mere feeding program can only delay the fatal day. A constructive policy, under which the Greek Government is helped to place refugees on the land and to or anise town and village industries,etc.. is the only sound one. The possibilities ere all here. We have nroved it in this area. It is confirmed by the efforts, unfortunately so poorly supported, of those who are now endeavouring to imitate our policy, and by the hearty praise and enthusiasm of every member of the Government and Relief Organisations* who have visited our area.

Tt ia a splendid opportunity of proving to the generous and charitable that their help ia not, es ha:: only too frequently been in Russia and elsewhere, given in vain. Every farmer established means not only one whole family saved from hunger and moral degener^sy^ but one more family made independent and the St.* te has gained a new producer who will indirectly help to support those still unproductive.

It is a guarantee to Governments who help that the money voted will return to them in the shape of tr-de with the rapidly recoupe- rating country. It helps to a greet extent to stabilise exchanges.

Refugees who arp merely being fed, seeing no goal in front of them, rapidly degenerate. Constructive work revives hope, self- respect and energy. The local Corps Commander when inspecting a number of our villages, expressed kls extreme delight and said that such work had saved many of these men, faced with the hopeless out­look, from becoming brigands. Nothing could be nor» true and in this may lie * reel danger, not to Greece only but to the whole alkens, perhaps Europe, if these people, becoming desperate, get

out of hand. A fire in the Greek house may, only too easily, set a blaze in the whole of the Balkans. with what result ? -

The American organization/, which ir only feeding the refugees, has reduce..' its rations and hints it is pulling out at the end of June. It says tv. at the Greek Government must do all the- constructive work. In my opinion t At is not possible. mhe Greek Government is doing its utmost, sincerely, earnestly, hut ia sofely crippled by lack, of funds and cannot further swell its epartmentsl staffs.

Besides,before it can attempt to undertake such a work, it willneed xisx* a loan of from 4 to 5 million pounds sterling. Further, a wave of moral depression her swamr the country, but forei ners with real help and real constructive plans are not only welcomed but have the power of inspiring all to make greater efforts.

help is urgently needed , and in the name of all these unfor_tunate people I be; to appeal, through you, to all rations and people, for the sake oi humanity and the peace of the World to give all the aid possible.

1 have the honour to be,Sir,

Yours iaithfully,

( 1 o)

Wofla i n * i „ nui-.,,.' 1 e x c e p t

1 (i f . I. < : . i . S i

uuem p l >y u e n i p ro b le m , o l su ic o n s t : uc l i v e k in a . e n u t 1 o r t h c o m in t , u..e c o u n t r y w i l l ue b i o u* h tf a c t c L e i I n . v e r on<l o u r L o l t h e e n t i r e p o p u l a t i o n i n w iu ^ o u t w o rk o r . ay n r o s t i e c t o l i t u . . le t i i , cri-,:-n i z e u n e l t ) i n g i v e n t o L.e iu anu t o t n e G ree . G ove ri .:uen t

i

can o n ! t a I d a y .Lon t à e Gr< e lp e ù t ■

la n d Lze 1 ... L e s , e t c . , 1 b on!so un d o n e . e n o s ii n t h i s a r e a . . , .p o o r l ; r t e t i , o l thos<p o l i c y , e n u b> th e h e a r l y p r a i s e ana e n th u s ia s m o l e v e r y member o l ’

'. i L. .. L s a t i o n > e a .I t i s a s n l e n u i v o p n o r t u n i t y o l n r o v i n 0 "L v*.e g e n e ro u s and

c n a r i t a u l e Lua I t h e i r hb- lp i . n u t , , i-,l ha. j v u i j t u v ax e l u e n t l y been tius ; e l s< i e r e , i v e n i n . . . , l i . .

l o t o n ] one w h o le l h m i ) . . . . . . . . a.ont 02 e it.de in d e o e n u f ,

li i . . . lj • v - 1 hi 1 ■ . . mox’ t thos< s i l l . . " r o c L v e .I - i s e K u . . ra n te e t o G o v e rn in e n tc who l ie ) t> t h a t Lue money v o te c

w i l l r e t u r n t o t j_ea i n t h e shape o l t r . de w i t h ti.,e r a p i d / r e c o u ^ e - r « t i n g c . . . e l n s t to s i 1L

d , c i ithem , a n i r i l en< Le. j n s t r u c t i > r e v i \ lo n e , s e l l -re s u i . he l o c a l ,± ,. < . . . .11 v i l l a g e s , tsue*. ■:o r k ■ - ese men, l a c i 1 ;1 o u t , i r o m b e co m i.u v i i fcanut»* ,o t h i n fc c o u ’i i l i t -.ure t r u e ant. i nL - i s ..its;/ l i e a r e a l d a n g e r , n o t t o u x e e c e o n l y b u t t o t h e w ho i e

. r o u e , i i eo i , < : < vo u t oa . . . . I ' i r e i n t u i r e t ouse m ay, on )o i 1 -

o 1 ;. . I t h r e s u l t ? -

i i . . . , .. ... i f :. i . 1 e f ,has . i n t j i t i s 1 j

e ek . ■ 1.1 c o n s t r u c t i v iw o r k . I n m o n in io a i . n j . s i 1 e .

........... >-■ , l y , i f c 1c k o and c a n n o t 3 I

, ca n . . . . i l l

nee u x l s x e a lo a n o f f r o m A t o • > m i l l i o n r-ounus s t * x iin * -- , . f u r t h e r , j r a l d e n r i Lo i e cuu , t'o Leri

L r e a l h e l n - e a l cons ic 1 . e l comit h e . ■

i . e i « i s u r g e n t l y n ee de d , a n d i n "Vhe na..,e u i .1.1 t h e s e u n l 'o i 1 : " I 1 . ■ ) ■ . 1 '

e o p l e , i ' o r t h e i eac< 1 i v ta l l t . t- i i . - o s s iu j e .

I have the honour to

Y our e j Z' i i. hul ly,

A ? n E N I) A

r~\

a ) Land Pettlement .

w * . } -1 l'UPlng the last month «bout vCG refureep h«v*struck off thr strength for various reasons. •:-},« bulk rrovrd

and receive eurnort elae-h-re. ur the re -inder , 1 1 *

expelled from Kirlik . lrl Ko.l village. The latter o ï L l ï +I

b e r n ^ n " ™ * ”* w o “ 1<1" t" r„lr 300 h as .lr.-'i,, °« H o w m for in th, 4 w v odd •>..«,tton-d »*»««.. *t» e.

ï t ï w g t h ! r e r 0 r t ’ thn f o n o , l n e l ee taken on the

X u t o h uk-kcuv ;> 4 refugee» (billeted In

houses In thr

h) Industries.

J3 'ince compiling the repo r t ma n y nrranrer-ertB whlfb *ere pend i n g have come to a. head. The following

* P° «ition ae rej • r. . to n^ber, e m p l ^ ï î

Charcoal Burling

n edeagatch Gumuldjina

Carpet mak.iing Laundry

Brick m a king Lime b u m i n r

(£ groups)

Wood (fuel trade)

TransportStaff

Embroidery & Lace

employed

8iü

SS 75

iit J4£8

::q 1 4

Taken on strength but waiting for

purchase of tools

commence wo r k in ' - . ' 5 days.

11

Total *8* 48b143 — Qrang Tot-j a j i

r e f u g e e n u ^ o e i ^ u î p î r t e d ? r e ^ ^ » “ ts about 2 *o0 people

T he road m a k i n g groun been di s p u r s e d . '.'any of the-,to go on the lend. Thyy h

aving finished its task h»e

re farmers wai t i n g for r. chance been accomodated.

iiSH : - - ^ U TU . been hand ad o v -r I n l t o l l l on Ï Ï L ? ” 0!,U4™ *>"«

d) The Governmrnt 1.«b provided . v , i u mulberry treen t°v lrl i;< Kiri N'o.l villi e. v< organizet the :

planting which i-» being actively carried on. The intention Is t fBtablich silk fe.r~.lng industry on a large scale.

■

LEAGUE OF NATIONSC O TVT TVT I S S I O IV F O H R E 3 F U O E E S

W E S T E R N T H R A C E A G R E E C E

IN CONJUNCTION WiTH ‘‘THE BRITISH IMPERIAL WAR RELIEF 6 THE SAVE THE CHILDREN FUNDS,,

Telegrams: NATIONS (iurnvhljina (inffjmdji/"e 4 t h A p r i l 1 £23

°]o OOVFRNWENT HEADQUARTERS,

Lieut.Col.J.ProcterDeputy High Commissioner

for Refugees League of Nations

2.B.Albany.Piccadilly L o n d o n

Sir,

I have the honour to enclose herewith copy of a letter received from Lady Rumbold.Constantinople.

A copy of the above has also been sent to the Staff of the Hospital.

I have the honour to be Sir,

Yours faithfully

Commissioner for Refugees League of Nations

Western Thrace & Greece

LEAGUE OF NATIONSc O TVt TVT I S S t O TV F O R R E F U G E E S

W E S T E R N T H R A C E & G R E E C E

IN CONJUNCTION WITH “THF BRITISH IMPERIAL WAR RELIEF » THE SAVE THE CHILDREN FUNDS,,

Telegrams: N A TIO N S liiimuldjina (<>'nmldjiu

CJo GOVERNMENT HEADOUARTF.RS,

25th July, 1923

My dear Colonel,

By to-day's mail I am forwarding you an official letter and a copy of one from Canaginis, Director

General of Settlements.

If you are successful in raising the funds to carry on our constructive relief work, I recommend that we movp our sp ere of activities to Macedonia, our Head­quarters being in Salonica. Even if you consider the work should continue in estern Thrace, an Office in Salonica is necessary, mainly because of the advantages to be gained by being in dir-ct liaiso with Canaginis and his Office.

Although Dassios here has no control whatever oyer expenditure on settlements, he is continually butting In and complicating matters. I think he does so beca ne he desires to pose as the "Great orker" whom the League is helping and likee to boast of how much he has done. This actually amounts to nothing, either in deed or in word. He is an old journal istçr ractised propagandist, and by exercisi g his powers in this direction manages to keep himself in his job. His work stops with the borders of the town, because visitors don't see any further.

Macedonia is eager to have us and as I have said, the loadquarters of the settlements Department is

located In Salonica.

So far the £700 has not come tojhand, nor your letter and the Mission is in Its chronic state of ban/trupty.

However, I am hoping to receive both any day.

Sams and I toured round most of our villages a fe"" days ago and I am now preparing a report to cover the Mission's work up to 31.7.23. Heaven know if anyone will trouble to read it but really it should prove to contain much of interest to all concerned and of valu*- to the other League relief workers.

Owing to the dramatic rise of the drachma, I found on my return that the Mission's Industry ^ept. had to face very heavy obligations. The laee and embroidery workers for Instance were promised so much on each article of their sold, the amount being based upon the number of days work entailed. Naturally our prices became prohibitive but we were still morally bound to pa the workers a total of Drs.40,000. T e same thing with other branches.

( E )

Mow things look brighter. T packed Kaufman off to fialonica and as a result, a big lottery is being orga­nized and our lace, carpets, etc.,will form the bulk of the prizes. We are working In conjunction with the Anglo American Committee and a lottery Committee composed of various officials, their zives, press men and bankers with myself has been arranged. Officially, we arr> concernedas supplying the prizes. Actually we are to receive back Prs.fiOjOOG the value of the prizes, and half of the re­mainder from the sale of the tickets. As there is so much to be arranged, the lottery cannot, be drnwn until the M e t August 1923. That's a confounded nuisance but cannot be helped.

The Government suddenly decided not to have any more burnt bricks, so that knocked more work on the head.Mow, however, we are turning out tiles for them and the Xanthie settlements Committee.

I am disgusted with the poor effort made to shelter the refugees, particularly ours. Only 4 7 houses have been completed in the whole of our area and 10 more are near completion. At this rate the Government will never succeed in solving the refugee problem.

Although Dassios strains to shO”- ”hat splendid results he personally has achieved, we, at thn same time, are being urged by the departmental officials to use our influence with the refugees to ensure their making mud bricks in suffcient quantities to build their houses.

He is utterly useless as a Governor General, and it amazes me how he manages to keep his appointment. Had the much younger and less advertiring young man Vavrides regained I feel sure very much more would have been achieved at much less cost and wit1 great benefit to refugees. It was with him that we made all initial arrangements and he was as eager as we were to see good results. Ho"', as Canaginisremarked a few days ago, we have done practically everything and the Government very little indeed.

Has your emigration idea developed yet ? It in­terests me very much. It's been extremely hot. though not as bad as we had it in Athens. Here, my brains can function.

I regret very much that the hospital must close dowr. It is doing splendid work, better than ever before, and there is nothing to take its plac - at this time when the need for it is so groat.

Kindly remember me to Mrs. Procter.

Kindly regards,

y

Ho of Patients on 6th July 10P3

1/ Pal az 1:1 : Hospital: Bed nation te................. 48

N° 1 Area) out door p (426 in the week) average per day....

II/ " ( n° 1 Area) out door patients' # . .« i n . .v — a A t vAvi af va <neivi r lflir . ............... 0 0

III/ N° S Ajntyulanoo area, on woolly visiting clay...... 63

IV/ HO 3 » 11 " “ " ” 68

v / „o 4 » » « “ " “ 9 *

VI/ Tepe-Ohifltit on the 9 th inst.................... 80

8th August 19?.3

I.'y dear Colonel,

I . answer to yours of the 29th ulto. ' he situation certainly looks fairly blue although I see in the local papers today that the Bank of England is about to advance a preliminary £1,000,000. I hope it is true.

Johnson paid m.o a surprise visit remaining here 2 4 hours. In the circumst- ..ces (he was^ dog tired fron his journey and had to catch the 5 am. train) I was not able to 15x10' ■ him uuch. However, I ;ook him to Frocteria, with which he was delighted, Trel ■ ria, :''uurhan and Rongourlou.

Kennedy, who was with us war then anxious to go back to talk with , b o we rotor, ed to my Office and talked overthings until àbout 10 pm.

1 think Johnso,i was very pleased, His wife was -lelighted and keen oil staying.

They (K « J .) went on to athens to try and arrange sending ibout 1600 refugees, now In Constantinople,, u Vcstorn . race. rill yroby ly be ■ rnctly concernedwith about 400o of this new grou . Ho-- they a m going to arrange the financial part, I do not know. "'be K«ar Fast have undertaken to feed 10,0CO Lure for •• weeks and Johnson is trying to make arrangements for us to look aft r 4000 of th^se for mouths. I believe he ir in touol with Gold?a on the subject.

About the .£700. Childs de< acted £300 from this on account of cl. r C:0( fort u ■ 3 1 Jvn when --c werein Ath-us. He olai^ea i:..d isïoi..<o Jcl.u^on that this ’"as under a t.>o . Of course, I protested, especially as I have deu La to -.seal amounting to over £600, apart fro Industries

affairs•About closing down. It is not possible for

m." to do so until the end of September at the earliest, as before that it is absolute] mpossible to get in the monev from the Indust^i-'s to clear itr debts. The rise of the drachma more than doubled our Bc?bts, and since I have had no sterling to buy dracvrcr et e rea?o-:able rate. It is a ro t 1 ii nuisance, but cannot be helped. I an damned angry with Childs. His delay of the money matters and foolery over tent est:matce has continually landed me in the 'oup.

Johnson saw what the position was and said he had certain 1 ;mi ted funds from which he could dra- to see me through. I am banking on that.

He is keen on ue carrying on until the loan oomee through. Of course we will, if possible. If not, then se noon as I can clear off my liabilities I will close

At present we ere organizing a tig lottery and hope to obtain from it suffi ci ont to clear o 'f the cerpets and embroidery debts.

Kaufman has wired me to go to Salonica at once and I am leaving tomorrow morfcing.

Apparently all the lottery preliminaries have been arranged. The Committee are the British Consul, Lambros, r'apsloo and. myself. I am going to try andinduce t’ em to make it a very big affair - if possiblea monthly or bf-monthly lottery for benefit of refugees.

I am sure you ere very much in need of a rest I Bflrself am going grey rapidly. Damn the politicians andconfound their knavish tricks. Here, in view of thecoWing elections, things ar racidly boiling over 1 In the meantime the refugee position fails t o .i m p r o v e .

My best wishes for your success ancV good health.

Youre ever,