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Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Big Idea Chinese civilization began with the Shang dynasty along the Huang He (Yellow) river. Main Ideas: Chinas physical geography made farming possible but travel and communication difficult Chinas physical geography made farming possible but travel and communication difficult Civilization began in China along the Huang He and Chang Jiang (Yangzi) rivers Civilization began in China along the Huang He and Chang Jiang (Yangzi) rivers Chinas first dynasties helped Chinese society develop and made many other achievements Chinas first dynasties helped Chinese society develop and made many other achievements Slide 5 Geography Panku Creation 1:32 Slide 6 Slide 7 Yellowish-brown soil colors the water and gives the river its name Chinas 1 st Civilizations were built along this river Slide 8 NOT including water and fishing, what are two other reasons the first Chinese settled there? 1.Agriculture 2.Protection from invaders Slide 9 Huang He River 1.means yellow river from the yellow soil it carries. 2.Frequent and violent flooding was called Chinas Sorrow 3. Effect of the Floods loess- fine, windblown soil loess- fine, windblown soil - very fertile - very fertile - settles in river - settles in river - causing flooding - causing flooding Protection from Invasion Protection from Invasion Chinas Rivers Slide 10 Yellow River Yangtze River Slide 11 Yangtze River 1.Called Chang Jiang River 2.Also brings rich soil for farming Chinas Rivers Slide 12 Slide 13 Slide 14 The Taklimakan Desert is located between the Kunlun Shan and Tian Shan Mountains. Slide 15 (93 F and -52 F) average in January is 2 F The Gobi Desert is located along Chinas northern border, close to Mongolia. It is one of the largest deserts in the world. Slide 16 Geography Chinese civilization began around the area between the two rivers, the Chiang Jiang (Yangzi) and the Huang He (Yellow) China was separated from the Indian subcontinent by the Himalayas & separated from most of Asia by desertsChina was separated from the Indian subcontinent by the Himalayas & separated from most of Asia by deserts cultural diffusionSeparation resulted in China developing its on unique culture and sense of identity without much cultural diffusion Even today, Chinese culture is very different from western societyEven today, Chinese culture is very different from western society Slide 17 Taklamakan desert Gobi desert Himalayas Slide 18 ? What does ISOLATION mean? What does ISOLATION mean? How do you think ISOLATION impacted Chinese culture? How do you think ISOLATION impacted Chinese culture? Slide 19 2. Impact of Isolation a.Ethnocentric society developed Ethnocentrism- the belief that your race or culture is better than all others. Called China Zhongguo or Middle Kingdom Slide 20 Civilization Begins The rivers flood leaving behind a fertile silt that is perfect for farming 7000 BC- 7000 BC- farmers grow rice along the middle of the Chang Jang Valley To the North on the Huang He, soil was better for growing cereals like millet and wheat They also fished and hunted with bows and arrows Domesticated animals such as pigs and sheep Large towns grew along the Huang He Burials like Egyptians with tombs filled with objects Wealthy were buried with jade Slide 21 Shang Dynasty Took over China in 1600 BC Ruled China for about 700 years Took over 1800 city- statesAmerica has 50 states They divided their government into little bits controlled by loyal governors (Nobles appointed by the king to preform certain duties & land lords) Slide 22 Advancements They farmed millet, wheat, barley, & rice They grew silkworms, dogs, pigs, & sheep They had accomplished metal metal workers & craftsmen (bronze containers for cooking & religious ceremonies, axes, knives, jade ornaments Military developed bronze body armor, powerful bows, & war chariots Astrologers created a calendar based on the cycles of the moon Slide 23 Shang Dynasty Head of political & religious life Kin g Advisors to King Government & religious officials Land Lords Nobles From the far regions Warriors leaders Pottery Clothes Tools weapons Artisans Worked long hours Little pay Over taxed Farmers Lowest rank Important labor resource Slaves Slide 24 The Legend of Silk A 14 year old queen of China supposedly saw a worm spin its cocoon. She then took the cocoon, dropped it in hot water and watched it break up to threads. The thread was the used to sew and create silk garments. What is silk? It is secreted from the silk worms mouth to make the cocoons. This spit-up hardens upon contact with the air. Slide 25 Chinese Writing System More than 2,000 symbols to express words or ideas Todays Chinese symbols are still based on the Shang Dynasty symbols Archeologist have found these symbols on cattle bones and turtle shells Priests carved questions about the future on the bones & shells, heated them up till they cracked, and then read the oracles or predictions from the cracks Shang bones 2:48 Slide 26 Slide 27 Slide 28 WHY? Expanded the Great Wall of China Slide 29 Huns and Mongols Slide 30 = Slide 31 Slide 32 Slide 33 Slide 34 The belief of the emperor is chosen by Heaven to rule China Slide 35 If the emperor is a bad leader, the people say he has LOST the Mandate of Heaven and they kick him out! Slide 36 Slide 37 Civil service system I had to pass an exam to get this job I had to memorize the teachings of Confucius I got to help run the government of China even though I was born to a poor family Slide 38 paper Slide 39 porcelain Slide 40 silk Slide 41 Buddhism Confucianism Taoism Slide 42 Kung Fu-Tzuor Confucius Believed society should be like a family with everyone having roles & responsibilities Wanted a return to ethics- moral values of the ancients Lords ignored Confucius Confucius was a traveling teacher with great respect, sharing his ideas with all After Confucius death- his students wrote down his proverbs or Analects Slide 43 Confucianism Kung Fu-Tzu lived 551-479 BC not a religion It is not a religion, but an ethical code of morals for individuals, society, and government Primary goals: order, harmony, peace and happiness on earth Achieved through education, self-effort, and self-reflection Slide 44 Confucianisms Five Relationships Most important principles deal with the ideal standard of conduct that controls social action. 1.Parent-child: kindness in the father & obedient in the son 2.Husband-wife: righteous behavior in the husband & obedience in the wife 3.Elder sibling- younger sibling: gentility in the eldest brother & humility and respect in the younger 4.Elder friend- younger friend: humane consideration in elders & deference in juniors 5.Ruler- subject: benevolence in rulers & loyalty of ministers & subjects Slide 45 Confucianism Impact Initially spread through the Analects after his death by his students Later, his students took positions within the government Ideals formed the basis fro the civil service exam in China Became foundation of Chinese education Teachings spread to Korea and Japan Confucius & Confucianism Slide 46 Slide 47 Humans are good, not evil Respect for elders A code of politeness Education is important Ancestor worship Slide 48 Origins Founder PrinciplesDiffusion China during the Zhou Dynasty After the end of feudalism crime was rampant and Confucius spoke of returning to the moral standards of the ancients Kung Fu-Tzu (Confucius) 551-479 BC Ethical code dealing with moral character of individuals, society, and government Goals: order, harmony, peace, and happiness on earth Achieved through education, self-effort, and self-achievement Standard of conduct- Five Relationships Students/ followers obtained government jobs Analects of his teachings Basis for Chinese Civil Servant Exam Foundation for Chinese education Teachings spread through Korea & Japan Slide 49 Dont Sweat the Small Stuff Key concept: Effortless doing occurs when mans efforts & actions are in harmony with the universe & not in conflict with the natural order Harmony with nature Slide 50 Slide 51 Life is suffering You can escape suffering by following The Eightfold Path When you end the cycle of reincarnation, you can enter Nirvana. Slide 52 Taosim Lao Tse was the founder of this philosophy. He lived before Confucius, but his teachings took longer to take root Taoism grew as a reaction to the spread of Confucianism and Buddhism Tao (Dao) means The Way or The Path Focus on achieving balance and harmony in the universe and your life Nature represents balance & the way you live Slide 53 Humility (not to be too proud) Live a simple life Seek inner peace Live in harmony with nature Taoism uses it too Confucianism uses this symbol to represent balance Slide 54 Reflects harmony and balance Symbol emphasizes the Three Jewels: compassion moderation humility Slide 55 Slide 56 OriginsFounderPrinciplesDiffusion Chinese philosophies merged into one basic teaching Grew as a reaction to the spread of Confucianism and Buddhism Lao- TseThe Way or The Path Focus on achieving balance and harmony within nature effortless doing- mans actions are at one with nature Symbol- Yin/Yang The Three Jewels: compassion, moderation, & harmony Tao Te Ching text Spread to areas immediately near China Incorporated into the teachings & beliefs of several philosophies and religions-most notable: Buddhism and Shintoism Slide 57 Tao Te Ching Text Slide 58 Activity: Create a chart depicting the differences and similarities of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism 16:32 Slide 59 Quick Quiz: Buddhism Chinese forms of B________ spread throughout Asia. 0. Started in ________ 1. Founder: S__________ G________ (Buddha) 2. Four N____ T______ 3. Eightfold Path to E____________ 4. A____ s missionaries and their writings spread Buddhism from ____ to _____ and other parts of Asia. 5. R___________: Cycles of rebirth 6. K________: Future reincarnation based on present behavior Slide 60 Contributions of Confucianism to the social order in China 1. Belief that humans are _____, not ____ 2. Respect for _____ 3. Code of _________, still used in Chinese society today 4. Emphasis on __________ 5. A________ worship Contributions of Taoism to Chinese culture and values 1. H______ 2. Simple life and inner _______ 3. Harmony with _________ 4. ____/______ represents balanced opposites for Confucianism and Taoism. Slide 61