billing formula for the inland empire brine line - sawpa · billing formula for the inland empire...

Billing Formula for the Inland Empire Brine Line

1

Dischargers Workshop July 7, 2016

Emily Owens-Bennett, P.E., Bryan Trussell, P.E., Rhodes Trussell, Ph.D., P.E.

Trussell Technologies, Inc.

Presentation Outline

•  Approach •  Results •  Proposed Billing Formula •  Monitoring Program •  Recommendations

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APPROACH

3

Methodology County Line Solids Characterization

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CalciumMinerals OthernVSS Water Cellulose Bio-OrganicMa8er

*Values in lbs/month based on 2015 data

11400030%

12900035%

66102%

151004%

10800029%

1.  Elemental composition (ICP, EDX) 2.  Mineral composition (XRD) 3.  Waters of hydration (TGA)

Inorganic Analyses

1.  TSS 2.  VSS 3.  Alkalinity 4.  BOD

General Analyses

1.  Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) by indirect and direct measurements

2.  Organic characterization (TGA)

Organic Analyses

Methodology

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Discharged Suspended

Solids =

Suspended Solids Formed in Brine Line

–

County Line Suspended Solids

…so, if we can

determine this…

We know this… …then, we

can calculate this.

11400030%

12900035%

66102%

151004%

10800029%

Methodology

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•  3-day sampling event

SAMPLING RESULTS DISCHARGERS AND COUNTY LINE

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Sampling Results - Organics

•  Measurements – VSS, POC, TGA, BOD5

•  Formation of organic solids: –  ∆Organics = OrganicsIN – OrganicsOUT – Cellulose is conserved (IN = OUT) –  Therefore, ∆Organics = biomass formed

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LOI 100ºC: 3.7%

LOI 950ºC: 4.4%

LOI 300ºC: 30.9%

LOI 200ºC: 6.5%

LOI 650ºC: 1.1%

LOI 450ºC: 9.2%

LOI 550ºC: 5.6%

LOI 700ºC to 950ºC: 3.9%

CaCO3 → CaO + CO

2232˚C (451˚F)

Sampling Results - Organics

•  Calculation of biomass formation –  Biomass from POC, VSS, & cellulose (via TGA) –  Microbial biomass formed: 8 mg/L

•  Alternative estimate as independent check –  ∆Dissolved BOD5, travel time, growth rates, and

yield –  Microbial biomass formed: 5-8 mg/L, depending

on assumed yield (variable) –  Results validate calculation

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Sampling Results - Inorganics

•  Measurements –  ICP Metals (solids, total, and dissolved) –  Alkalinity (total and dissolved) –  Orthophosphate (total and dissolved)

•  Calcium was dominant inorganic

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Sampling Results - Inorganics •  Calculation of particulate calcium (CaP)

formation –  CaP-IN = Σ(Total – Dissolved) for all dischargers

(ICP of liquid) –  CaP-OUT = ICP of TSS at County Line –  Calcium minerals formed: 18 mg/L

•  Alternative estimate as independent check –  ∆Dissolved Calcium = Calcium Minerals Formed –  Calcium minerals formed: 21 mg/L –  Results validate calculation

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12


Discharged Suspended Solids


Concentration

mg/L

Microbial Biomass 50

Cellulosic Material 25

Calcium Minerals 42

Other Inorganics 8

Total 125

ComponentConcentration

mg/L

42

25

25

10

102

Concentration

mg/L

8

0

18

-2

24

Sampling Results

13




Concentration

mg/L



Calcium Minerals 42

Other Inorganics 8

Total 125


mg/L

42

25

25

10

102

Concentration

mg/L

8

0

18

-2

24

Sampling Results

MicrobialBiomass50.1mg/L

CellulosicMaterial24.9mg/L

OtherInorganics7.6mg/L

CalciumMinerals42.4mg/L







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Concentration

mg/L



Calcium Minerals 42

Other Inorganics 8

Total 125


mg/L

42

25

25

10

102

Concentration

mg/L

8

0

18

-2

24

Sampling Results











Sediment traps

PROPOSED BILLING FORMULA

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Microbial Biomass

Cellulosic Material

Calcium Minerals

Other Inorganics

Total


mg/L

8

0

18

-2

24

16

X

MicrobialBiomass31%

CalciumMinerals69%

Total: 26 mg/L

Proposed Billing Formula Suspended Solids Formed in Brine Line

Proposed Billing Formula

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Component Percent of total solids

Cost Allocation Parameter

Microbial Biomass 31% Dissolved BOD5

Calcium Minerals 69%

Dissolved Calcium

Dissolved Alkalinity

Total 100%

MicrobialBiomass31%

CalciumMinerals69%

Total: 26 mg/L


Alkalinity

•  Primary calcium minerals formed: –  Calcium carbonate, CaCO3 –  Amorphous calcium phosphates, (Ca)3(PO4)2

–  Both compounds are 40% calcium by weight –  The remaining 60% comes from the alkalinity

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Alkalinity

•  General equation for total alkalinity: –  Total alkalinity = [OH-] + [HCO3

-] + [H2PO4-] +

2[CO32-] + 2[HPO4

2-] + 3[PO43-] – [H+] + [NH3] +

[H3SiO4-] + [B(OH)4

-] + [HS-] •  When wastewater has pH 7-8 and typical

sulfide levels: –  Total alkalinity ≈ [HCO3

-] + [H2PO4-] + 2[HPO4

2-]

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20

Component Percent of total solids

Cost Allocation Parameter

Microbial Biomass 31% Dissolved BOD5

Calcium Minerals 69%

Dissolved Calcium (40%)

Dissolved Alkalinity (60%)

Total 100%

MicrobialBiomass31%

CalciumMinerals69%

Total: 26 mg/L



Where: •  FFi = Formation factor for individual discharger (i) •  Alki = Individual dissolved alkalinity loading to the Brine Line for discharger (i) •  AlkT = Combined dissolved alkalinity loading from all dischargers to the Brine Line •  BODi = Individual dissolved BOD5 loading to the Brine Line for discharger (i) •  BODT = Combined dissolved BOD5 loading from all dischargers to the Brine Line •  Cai = Individual dissolved calcium loading to the Brine Line for discharger (i) •  CaT = Combine dissolved calcium loading from all dischargers to the Brine Line

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Alkalinity Load

BOD Load

Calcium Load

!!! = 0.41 ∗ !"#!!"#! + 0.31 ∗ !"#!

!"#! + 0.28 ∗ !"!!"!

MONITORING PROGRAM

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Monitoring Program

1.  Routine Monitoring – Dischargers and County Line

2.  Quarterly County Line solids characterization

3.  Annual Billing Formula Review

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Monitoring Program Routine Monitoring •  All dischargers and County Line •  Billing parameters

–  Flow − Alkalinity (total & dissolved) –  TSS (triplicate) − BOD (total & dissolved, triplicate) –  VSS (triplicate) − Calcium (total & dissolved)

•  Monitoring frequency determined by loading contribution –  Monthly monitoring for dischargers contributing to top

95% of load for any billing parameter –  Quarterly monitoring for all others

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Monitoring Program

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Industrial Discharger TSS VSS Total BOD Dissolved BOD

Total Calcium

Dissolved Calcium Total Alkalinity Dissolved

Alkalinity PerrisandMenifeeDesalter M M M M M M M MChinoIDesalter M M M M M M M MTemescalDesalter M M M M M M M MChinoIIEastDesalter M M M M M M M MArlingtonDesalter M M M M M M M MJCSD-E<wanda M M M M M M M MCDCBonview M M M M M M M MCaliforniaIns<tuteforWomen M M M M M M M MMissionLinen M M M M M M M MStringfellow M M M M M M M MChinoIIWestDesalter Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QMountainviewPowerPlant Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QCaliforniaIns<tuteforMen Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QOLSEnergy Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QInlandBioenergy M M M M M M M MDiaryFarmersofAmerica Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QJCSD-Wineville M M M M M M M MJCSD-Hamner M M M M M M M MCoronaEnergyPartners Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QDartContainer Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QRepet M M M M M M M MWellingtonFoods Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QRubidouxCSD Q Q Q Q Q Q Q QFrutaromFlavorSpecial<es M M M M M M M MGreenRiverGolfCourse Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Legend Top 3 75% of loading 95% of loading

Monitoring Program

Quarterly Monitoring •  County Line solids characterization

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Monitoring Program

Annual Billing Formula Review •  Compile annual results •  Perform mass balance of system •  Update billing formula, as needed

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!!! = 0.41 ∗ !"#!!"#! + 0.31 ∗ !"#!

!"#! + 0.28 ∗ !"!!"!

RECOMMENDATIONS

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Recommendations

•  Study impact of antiscalant use •  Review sampling and testing methodology

–  Homogeneity of TSS samples –  Variability of TSS measurements –  Review Canyon RV Park S-01 monitoring

location •  Review discharger sample locations

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Questions?

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Combined Discharge County Line Formation











BACKUP SLIDES

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SAMPLING RESULTS REACH-BY-REACH

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Reach 4E

Reach 4D

Reach 4A

Reach 4B

Reach 5

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Reach 4E Mountainview PP

Reach 5 Perris & Menifee Desalters

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Reach4E Reach5

TSS(lb

s/da

y)

TSSLoadingMeasured MassBalance

Increase in TSS loading from ND at point of discharge

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Reach 4E Mountainview PP

Reach 4D Rubidoux CSD Stringfellow Chino II Desalter (E & W) JCSD-Etiwanda JCSD-Wineville JCSD-Hamner CIW Chino I Desalter CDC Bonview

Reach 4A CIM Mission Linen OLS Power Repet Inland Bioenergy

Reach 4B Wellington Foods Arlington Desalter Temescal Desalter Dart Container CEP PP DFA Water Plant Frutarom

Reach 5 Perris & Menifee Desalters

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Reach4A Reach4B Reach4D Reach4E Reach5

TSS(lb

s/da

y)

TSSLoadingMeasured MassBalance

billing formula for the inland empire brine line - sawpa · billing formula for the inland empire...

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