biodiversity conservation and global change
DESCRIPTION
Botanic gardens, human well-being, tree species distribution shifts, invasive species, risk management, sea-level rise, climate according to Walter & Lieth, land use patterns, carbon emissions of conservation biologists, NIMBY, topographyTRANSCRIPT
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Biodiversity Conservation – week 10
Marco Pautasso (marpauta at gmail.com)
London Metropolitan Univ. - 2010
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Biodiversity and human well-being
Townsend et al. (2007) Urban Forestry and Greening
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Why visiting a botanic garden?
Ward et al. (2010) Urban Forestry and Greening
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Why visiting a botanic garden?
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Hannah (2010) Conservation Biology
Tree species distribution shifts after the last ice age
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Living collections of the world’s botanic gardens
Botanica Helvetica (2007)
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Reversed latitudinal gradient for the species richness of the world’s botanic gardens
Botanica Helvetica (2007)
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Area vs. age and latitude vs. age for the world’s botanic gardens
Botanica Helvetica (2007)
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Human impacts on biodiversity
Habitat fragmentation, degradation and loss
Water, air and soil pollution
Species introductions
Climate change
Trade, travel, transportation and tourism
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Mawdsley et al. (2010) Conservation Biology
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Biological Reviews (2010)
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Source: UNEP
Climate change and trade route shifts
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Prowse et al. (2009) Ambio
Trade route shifts and pollution
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Lari et al. (2009) Natural Hazards and Earth Systems Science
Multiple risks in Lombardia, Italy
floods/landslides wildfire
meteorologicalearthquakes
road accidentsindustrial
work injuries
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Syphard et al. (2009) Conservation Biology
Fires, people and land use in the Mediterranean
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Lejeusne et al. (2010) Trends in Ecology & Evolution
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Projected sea-level rise
Wiens et al. (2010) Conservation Biology
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Walther et al. (2009) Trends in Ecology & Evolution
Native
Cryptogenic
Trailing Edge
Invasion
Founder population
Alien
Voltinism
Introduction
Naturalization
Casual
Invasive species: some terms
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Walther et al. (2009) Trends in Ecology & Evolution
Invasive species and climate change
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Wiens et al. (2010) Conservation Biology
Climate change and spatial scale
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Bradley (2009) Ecography
Climate change and ecosystem
shifts
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From: Denis Loustau (2006) Wilton Park Conference
Climate change and plant distribution shifts
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Climate change and shifts in tree species distribution
Fuhrer et al. (2006) Climatic Change
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Wiens et al. (2010) Conservation Biology
Climate change and topography
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Wiens et al. (2010) Conservation Biology
Temperature vs. precipitation change
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Mediterranean climate
Walter & Lieth (1967) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas
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Temperate (cool) oceanic climate
Walter & Lieth (1967) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas
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Tropical wet climate
Walter & Lieth (1967) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas
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Tropical climate with dry/wet season
Walter & Lieth (1967) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas
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The tropics defined in terms of temperatures
Wright et al. (2009) Conservation Biology
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Tropics, temperatures and land use
Wright et al. (2009) Conservation Biology
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Climate change, glaciers and
water availability
Xu et al. (2009) Conservation Biology
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[CO2]
from MacKay (2008) Sustainable Energy
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[CO2]
Psenner & Sattler (2009) EURAC Conference
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Fox et al. (2009) Frontiers in the Ecology and the Environment
Carbon emissions of conservation biologists
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CO2 emissions (2000) per person per country
from MacKay (2009) Sustainable Energy
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NIMBY
from MacKay (2009) Sustainable Energy
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ReferencesHarwood TD, Xu XM, Pautasso M, Jeger MJ & Shaw M (2009) Epidemiological risk assessment using linked network and grid based modelling: Phytophthora ramorum and P. kernoviae in the UK. Ecological Modelling 220: 3353-3361 Jeger MJ & Pautasso M (2008) Plant disease and global change – the importance of long-term data sets. New Phytologist 177: 8-11MacLeod A, Pautasso M, Jeger MJ & Haines-Young R (2010) Evolution of the international regulation of plant pests and challenges for future plant health. Food Security 2: 49-70 Moslonka-Lefebvre M, Pautasso M & Jeger MJ (2009) Disease spread in small-size directed networks: epidemic threshold, correlation between links to and from nodes, and clustering. Journal of Theoretical Biology 260: 402-411Moslonka-Lefebvre M, Finley A, Dorigatti I, Dehnen-Schmutz K, Harwood T, Jeger MJ, Xu XM, Holdenrieder O & Pautasso M (2011) Networks in plant epidemiology: from genes to landscapes, countries and continents. Phytopathology 101: 392-403Pautasso M (2009) Geographical genetics and the conservation of forest trees. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Systematics & Evolution 11: 157-189Pautasso M & Chiarucci A (2008) A test of the scale-dependence of the species abundance-people correlation for veteran trees in Italy. Annals of Botany 101: 709-715 Pautasso M & Dinetti M (2009) Avian species richness, human population and protected areas across Italy’s regions. Environmental Conservation 36: 22-31Pautasso M & Fontaneto D (2008) A test of the species-people correlation for stream macro-invertebrates in European countries. Ecological Applications 18:1842-1849Pautasso M & Jeger MJ (2008) Epidemic threshold and network structure: the interplay of probability of transmission and of persistence in directed networks. Ecological Complexity 5: 1-8Pautasso M & Powell G (2009) Aphid biodiversity is correlated with human population in European countries. Oecologia 160: 839-846Pautasso M & Weisberg PJ (2008) Density-area relationships: the importance of the zeros. Global Ecology and Biogeography 17: 203-210Pautasso M & Zotti M (2009) Macrofungal taxa and human population in Italy's regions. Biodiversity & Conservation 18: 473-485Pautasso M et al (2010) Plant health and global change – some implications for landscape management. Biological Reviews 85: 729-755Pautasso M et al (2011) Global macroecology of bird assemblages in urbanized and semi-natural ecosystems. Global Ecology & Biogeography 20: 426-436Pecher C, Fritz S, Marini L, Fontaneto D & Pautasso M (2010) Scale-dependence of the correlation between human population and the species richness of stream macroinvertebrates. Basic Applied Ecology 11: 272-280Schlick-Steiner B, Steiner F & Pautasso M (2008) Ants and people: a test of two mechanisms behind the large-scale human-biodiversity correlation for Formicidae in Europe. Journal of Biogeography 35: 2195-2206Steck CE & Pautasso M (2008) Human population, grasshopper and plant species richness in European countries. Acta Oecologica 34: 303-310Xu XM, Harwood TD, Pautasso M & Jeger MJ (2009) Spatio-temporal analysis of an invasive plant pathogen (Phytophthora ramorum) in England and Wales. Ecography 32: 504-516