bioenergy australia webinar€¦ · •knowledge-building project for the industry (energix kpn);...
TRANSCRIPT
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Australia’s National Science Agency
Bioenergy Australia Webinar:Carbon Capture and Storage opportunities in WtE -towards negative emissions?
4 November 2019
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IEA Bioenergy
Set up by IEA to improve cooperation and information exchange between member countries. The work of IEA Bioenergy is structured into a number of Tasks, which have well defined objectives, budgets, and time frames.
Bioenergy Australia and IEA Bioenergy
Thanks to funding from the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA), Bioenergy Australia is able to facilitate Australia’s participation in seven IEA Bioenergy Tasks.
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Task 36 - Material and Energy valorisation of waste in a Circular Economy
Daniel Roberts
Task 37 – Energy from Biogas Bernadette McCabe
Task 39 – Commercialising Conventional and Advanced Liquid Biofuels from Biomass
Steve Rogers
Task 42 Biorefining in a future BioEconomy Geoff Bell
Task 43 – Biomass Feedstocks for Energy Market Mark Brown
Task 44 – Flexible Bioenergy and System Integration Heather Bone
Task 45 – Climate and Sustainability Effects of Bioenergy within the Broader Bioeconomy
Annette Cowie
Bioenergy Australia and IEA Bioenergy
https://www.bioenergyaustralia.org.au/our-work/iea-bioenergy/
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Material and energy valorisation of waste in a circular economy
http://task36.ieabioenergy.com/
IEA Bioenergy Task 36
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IEA Bioenergy Task 36Objective• To collect, analyse, share, and
disseminate best practice technical and strategic non-technical information on the material and energy valorisation of waste in a circular economy.
Wastes• MSW
• Ag production and biomass processing residues
Energy products• Heat, power, cooling, liquid and gaseous
biofuels
• the possibility of producing renewable chemicals.
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Priorities 2019-21• A: CE. Policies; EFW, recycling, and
recovery; new waste streams; digitalisation; efficiency; decentralisation
• B: Co-processing of waste to manage feedstock challenges. Availability, technology matching (inter task work).
• C: Flexibility: inputs and outputs. Integration with CCS?
• D: Assessing non-economic aspects. Avoiding harm or extra emissions from ‘overcyling’, for example. SLO aspects.
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IEA Bioenergy:Special Project on BECCS
This webinar:
1. Some technical background on CO2 storage
2. Some insights into BECCS activities, particularly in EU
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Geological storage – a safe, long term solution for CO2
ENERGY
Allison Hortle4 November 2019
source: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
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BECCS| Allison Hortle2 |
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3 |
Greenhouse gas removal from the atmosphere will be required … substantial permanent storage, presently only demonstrated in geological reservoirs, will be essential“
”Greenhouse gas removalThe Royal Society &Royal Academy of Engineering
BECCS| Allison Hortle
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CCS: what is it? How does it work?
BECCS| Allison Hortle4 |
https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/research-topic/carbon-capture-utilisation-and-storage
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Natural Accumulations of CO2 Globally
BECCS| Allison Hortle5 |
IPCC, 2005
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Natural CO2 Accumulations, Australia
BECCS| Allison Hortle6 |
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Thousands of years of storage available.
FIGURE 8: Global storage resource potential, based on the latest assessments
We can say, with absolute
confidence, that there is
more underground storage
resource than is needed to
meet Paris climate targets.
CONFIDENCE IN RESOURCE ASSESSMENT
NONE 75-100 56-75 25-50 0-25
100 CO2 STORAGE RESOURCE (GT)
400
8150
100
2000
80
UK
60
DK
70
NO
300
EUROPE
2400
50
140
400
150
50
DE
4
NL
STORAGE THE G LOBAL STATUS OF CCS 7
*there is lots of space GCCSI: THE G LOBAL STATUS OF CCS, 2018
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CCS Melbourne 18th October | Allison Hortle8 |
Australia’s Storage Prospectivity as understood in 2009
Geographical distribution of emissions by industry estimated for 2020 (2009 estimate)
Australia’s storage capacity
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Presentation title | Presenter name9 |
• CSIRO is either the research partner or provides significant research input into each of these projects, from site characterisation, injection strategies through to MM&V
• Long-term relationships and collaborations with government, universities, funding agencies and commercial entities
Northern Australia CO2
Store
CCS In Australia
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10 |
Consoli, GCCSI (2019)
BECCS| Allison Hortle
Global Status of BECCS
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BECCS Example: Decatur, Illinois
11 | BECCS| Allison Hortle
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C balance in energy systems
IEAGHG/Ecofys 2011, adapted from ecofriendlymag.com; grey denotes carbon of fossil origin, blue denotes carbon of biogenic origin)
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Energy Allison Hortle
t +61 8 6436 8743e [email protected] www.csiro.au
CESRE/ ENERGY FLAGSHIP
Thank you
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CCS & WtEMichael Becidan, Rahul Anantharaman, Mario Ditaranto
SINTEF Energy Research
Webinar 04.11.2019
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• SINTEF is one of Europe’s largest independent research organisations
2
SINTEF
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SINTEF Energy Research
We shape tomorrow's energy solutions
Smartgrids
• Transmission
• Offshore energy systems
• Offshore wind
• Energy efficiency
• CCS
• Hydropower
• Bioenergy
• Hydrogen
• Zero-emission transport3
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Thermal Energy DptBioenergy group
• Characterization of fuels and emissions
• Waste to Energy
• Biomass to heat and power
• Woodstove development
• Gasification
• Hydrothermal liquefaction
• Biomass pyrolysis
• Bio carbon
• Torrefaction
• Biofuels
• Techno-economic analysis and system studies
• Detailed process analysis and process development
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Hydrothermal liquefaction
Torrefaction
Pyrolysis
Carbonization
Combustion
Gasification
Process integration and value chain analysesDetailed process modeling
Liquid biofuels Combined heat and power
Biocarbon &condensates
Small scale heat Torrefied biomass
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IPCC – Illustrative pathways
8
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CO2 capture and storage (CCS)
9
Fossil fuels
Industrial process
CO2
emissions
Product
CO2 capture
CO2
storage
CO2 to atm
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Bio-Energy with CCS (BECCS)
10
CO2
from air
Biomassconversion
CO2
emissions
Electricity
CO2 capture
CO2
storage
CO2 to atmBiofuels
CO2 to atm
• Negative emission (Net CO2 removal from air)• Land use issues• Limits to its sustainability
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Waste to Energy + CCS
11
Fossil fuels
CO2
emissions
MSW
CO2 capture
CO2
storage
CO2 to atm
CO2
from air
WtE
• MSW is 50-60% biogenic Carbon• Negative emission (Net CO2 removal from air)• No land use issues
Electricity/heat1
tonn
waste
1
tonn
CO2
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Negative emission technologies such as BECCS are seen as an importantmeans to achieve the 1.5°C target of the Paris agreement
WtE will play an increasingly important role in waste handling worldwide
WtE + CCS is a way to achieve negative emissions without theethical questions surrounding (virgin) biomass
Policy positioning around achieving emission reduction targets aretherefore pushing for WtE + CCS implementation
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WtE-CCS in Europe
13
450Waste-to-Energy
plants in Europe
82 million
tonsEnergy recovered
in EU yearly
Source: Fortum, Norway
Planned (2021)• Twence (100 kt/y)• AVR (60 kt/y)
Feasibility Study• AEB (450 kt/y)• HVC (75 kt/y) – demo test done
VBSA did a feasibility study of its 30 plants (2018-19)KVA Linth (120 kt/y) chosen for a full CCS chain feasibility analysis (2019-2021)
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WtE-CCS in Norway
Norway's climate goals 2030 & 2050
14
Oslo
Bergen
Trondheim
Kristiansand
Fortum: Full scale CO2 captureplanned
Stavanger
Fredrikstad
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Impact of CCS on WtE plant design and operation
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WtEEnd user
CO2 capture
plant
Steam
Flow, temperature or pressure
Condensate
Flow, temperature or pressure
Power
Hot water
Flow, temperature and pressure
Water returned
Flow, temperature and pressure
Power
Available heat
Amount, temperature
New energy demand
Impact heat available to DH network
Retrofitting (heat exchange section, steam turbine, add heat pumps etc.)
No/minimal impact of heat
available to DH network
Modifications required to theWtE plant will depend on
➢ WtE plant design➢ CO2 capture technology
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Opportunities for WtE + CCS
• Combine CO2 capture with CO2 utilisation
• Identify opportunities where CO2 has a value
• All Dutch WtE CCS project are looking at CO2 utilisation in horticulture
• Negative emissions as a product/service E.g. Climeworks
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SINTEF Energi WtE-CCS Projects
• CapeWaste (1) :
Forskningsrådet CLIMIT program
EGE, SINTEF, AGA, MiljøDirektoratet
• NEWEST-CCUS:
European research project
UK, Norway (SINTEF, Returkraft, EGE, BiR), Germany, The Netherlands
• IEA Bioenergy Task 36:
CCS InterTask Force
• FME NCCS Task 6:
14 end users + vendors
11 research institutes + universities
WtE participant: Fortum
17 (1) CapeWaste: Waste-to-Energy with Oxy-fuel Combustion CO2 Capture www.sintef.no/en/publications/publication/?pubid=CRIStin+1629501(2) EUR 10 million has been earmarked for CCS research (carbon capture and storage) in theEEA and Norway Grants: Poland https://www.forskningsradet.no/en/apply-for-
funding/international-funding/eos-midlene/eos-midlene-polen/
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CAPEWASTE
• 2018 - 2021; 12 MNOK; IPN Climit
• Focus on the oxy-fuel combustion capture technology applied to WtE
• Concrete case adapted to the Haraldrud plant
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NEWEST CCUS
• 2019 - 2022; ERANet CO-fund ACT, 2.7 M€ (3.6 MNOK in Norway)
• Partners from UK - NORWAY - GERMANY - NETHERLANDS
• Covers all CO2 capture technologies applied to WtE
• Environmental impacts assessment
• Scenario analysis and potential markets
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IEA Bioenergy Task 36
• Flexibility
In a society moving towards
circularity, flexibility is a key aspect
in feedstocks, products and
systems/technologies.
Other aspects of interest
considering flexibility are energy
storage and grid balancing.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
or utilisation is also an area where
we see development on energy
from waste plants.20
Topics of interest for the next triennium
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FME NCCS - CO2 capture process integration
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Back-End
Approach
CaL Oxygen
FuelFG
Limestone
Purge
CO2-depleted FG
CO2
WtE
Boiler
WtE
HR
CaL
HR
Air MSW
WtE
FGc FG
Integrated Approach (I)
CaL Oxygen
FuelFG
Limestone
Purge
CO2-depleted FG
CO2
WtE
Boiler
WtE
HR
CaL
HR
Air MSW
WtE
FGc FG
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Other important WtE activities at SINTEF
• KPN WtE 2030
• KPN GrateCFD
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• WtE 2030 main elements: (1) WtE dynamic model; (2) data mining; (3) new sensor
concepts; (4) circular economy, energy storage, fly ash valorization.
• Funding: Research Council of Norway (80%); Enova; Hitachi Zosen Inova; Statkraft Varme
AS; EGE Oslo; Returkraft AS; NOAH AS. R&D: SINTEF Energi (leader); NTNU; Åbo Akademi.
Network: PREWIN EU Network, IEA Bioenergy Task 36.
• Knowledge-building project for the industry (EnergiX KPN); 18 MNOK (2018-2020)23
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• Main objective
Development of CFD aided design tools and operational guidelines for optimum grate fired BtE and WtE plant operation through:
• Model development: improved fuel/fuel bed and gas release models, heat-exchanger deposition models and reduced kinetics models (NOx); and validation of these
• Simulations: transient and steady state CFD simulations of BtE and WtE plants; and validation
• Concept improvements: BtE and WtE plant case studies selection, setup, simulations and analysis, giving design and operational guidelines
Duration: 4 years
Financing6 MNOK/year on average, 24 MNOK totalProject type: NFR KPN (competence-building)Research Council of Norway: 80%Industry partners: 20% (cash)
KPN GrateCFD – Enabling optimum Grate fired woody biomass and waste to energy plant operation through Computational Fluid Dynamics
6
• Industry partners - Owners, operators and producers of bioenergy and WtE plants, in Norway and abroad:
• Statkraft Varme AS
• Oslo EGE
• Returkraft AS
• Vattenfall AB
• Hitachi Zosen Inova AG
• RTD partners
• SINTEF Energy Research
• NTNU
• LOGE AB