biology edition. categories $300 $200 $100 $400 $500...
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BIOLOGYBIOLOGY EditionEdition
Categories
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ProteinProteinSynthesisSynthesis
GeneticsGenetics Macro-Macro-moleculesmolecules
Sci Sci MethodsMethodsCellsCellsEnergyEnergy
Biology
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A: The process that requires glucose and oxygen.
$100$100Q: What is aerobic respiration?
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A: The process that uses carbon dioxide (CO2) and water to make glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen.
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Q: What is photosynthesis?
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A: Thylakoids are stacked on top of one another forming grana in this organelle responsible for photosynthesis.
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Q: What is a chloroplast?
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A: A chemical process, occurring in the absence of oxygen, that converts glucose to pyruvic acid which is then converted to lactic acid.
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Q: What is fermentation (anaerobic respiration)?
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A: The Krebs cycle and electron transport chain take place in the matrix and inner membrane of this organelle.
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Q: What is the mitochondria?
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A: A large organelle located near the center of a cell that houses the cell’s DNA.
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Q: What is the nucleus?
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A: A type of cell that contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
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Q: What is a eukaryotic cell?
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A: The passive transport of water across a membrane.
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Q: What is osmosis?
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A: This organelle is the “garbage disposal” of the cell, breaking down old organelles, foreign substances, etc.
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Q: What is a lysosome?
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A: These organelles organize the synthesis of proteins; may be “free” in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Q: What are ribosomes?
$100$100A: The molecule in a cell responsible
for storing and transmitting genetic information (info for making proteins); has the shape of a double-helix.
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Q: What is DNA?
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A: The complementary base pairs in DNA.
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Q: What are guanine-cytosine and adenine-thymine?
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A: The molecules that are linked together to make a protein.
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Q: What are amino acids?
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A: The type of RNA that has an anticodon and brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
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Q: What is tRNA?
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A: The process by which information in DNA is copied to a molecules of mRNA.
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Q: What is transcription?
$100$100A: Is represented with a lowercase
letter.
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Q: What is a recessive allele?
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A: The process in which an egg cell and sperm cell fuse to form a zygote.
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Q: What is fertilization?
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A: The fraction of offspring resulting from a Bb x bb cross that should have blond hair.
B = brown hairb = blond hair
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Q: What is one half (50%)?
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A: The condition in which a person has 2 alleles that are the same for a trait.
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Q: What what is homozygous?
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A: A picture of a child’s chromosomes that is used to determine if a child has a genetic disorder, such as Down’s syndrome (extra chromosome #21).
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Q: What is a karyotype?
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A: This is the one variable that differs between the control group and experimental group.
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Q: What is the independent variable?
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A: Observations that deal with data that can be represented as numbers.
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A: What are quantitative observations?
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A: An observation that describes the qualities or characteristics of something.
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Q: What is a qualitative observation?
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A: The process that allows humans to use bacteria to produce large quantities of things like insulin and human growth hormone.
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Q: What is genetic engineering?
$500$500A: The process that uses restriction
enzymes to cut DNA and then separates the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis.
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Q: What is DNA Fingerprinting?
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A: An organic molecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; the hydrogen and oxygen are in a 2:1 ratio, like water.
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Q: What a carbohydrate?
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A: The monomers (“building blocks”) that make up nucleic acids, DNA and RNA.
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Q: What are nucleotides?
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A: An organic compound with a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail; organizes into a bilayer which makes up the cell membrane.
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Q: What is a lipid?
$400$400A: The contestant on the right, who is
currently losing, will win $400 if she can name the reaction that builds polymers.
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Q: What is a dehydration synthesis reaction?
(a.k.a.: condensation reaction)
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A: Enzymes, molecules that speed up the rates of chemical reactions, belong to this class of macromolecules.
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Q: What are proteins?