biology unit 2 cells plant and animal cell notes
TRANSCRIPT
BIOLOGYUnit 2 Notes:
Plants, Animals & The Endosymbiotic Theory
(1) Plant vs Animal Cells
• Both plants and animals are made of cells.
• Because they complete different life processes + live in different environments, they require different things.
• Plants and Animals have unique, individual structures, to help them stay living and healthy.– These “structures” are called ORGANELLES.
(2) Only Plant Cells Have…
• Enlarged Vacuole:– Stores extra water for photosynthesis.– Helps increase rigidity of plant structure.
• Chloroplasts:– Converts sunlight + CO2 + water into sugars and
O2.
• Cell Wall:– Extra barrier around the whole cell.– Helps increase rigidity of plant structure.
(3) Only Animal Cells Have…
• Peroxisomes:– Used to break down Hydrogen Peroxide using
catalase.– Hydrogen Peroxide is a by-product of lipid
metabolism in animals.
(4) Both Plants & Animals Have…
• Cell Membrane
• Nucleus
• Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Golgi Body
• Lysosomes
• Ribosomes
(5) The Endosymbiotic Theory
• States:Modern eukaryotic cells evolved from free-living prokaryotic cells living symbiotically with larger unicellular organisms.
• Evidence:Mitochondria & Chloroplasts have…– DNA– Cell Membranes– Ability to Reproduce– Ability to Produce Proteins