bioluminescence
DESCRIPTION
Bioluminescence. Dinoflagellates Trinidad. What are the conditions like in the deep sea? Physical: Biological: What are food sources for animals that live in the deep sea?. Ocean Zones. 0 m. photic. 200 m. dysphotic. 1000 m. 2000 m. aphotic. 4000 m. 6000 m. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
What are the conditions like in the deep sea?
Physical:
Biological:
What are food sources for animals that live in the deep sea?
Light Penetration in the OceanLight Penetration in the OceanD
epth
in m
eter
s 50 m
100m
150 m
200 m
200 m
0 m
1000 m
2000 m
4000 m
6000 m
dysphotic
photic
aphotic
What color of light will animals use?
What color of light will animals use?
Types of light production: 1. incandescence – light bulb2. luminescence- fluorescence bulb
What is the difference between these types of light?
Bioluminescence: a chemical reaction
Evolution of Bioluminescence
Fossilized bacteria 3.5 bya
• O2 is toxic to some bacteria
• Convert O2 to a nontoxic substance
• Light is a byproduct
• Benefit to some organisms
• Photobacterium (symbiotic relationship)• Achromabacteria (2 types of squid use bacteria, the
rest (17) make their own)• Beneckea (not associated with symbiotic relationship)
Bacteria
Vibrio fischeri
Squid Euprymna- squid hatches w/out bacteria; w/in hours it is infected w/natural populations of bacteria
Bacterial photophores
Intrinsic photophores
• Reproductive advantage
• Countershading
• Escape and avoid predation
• Species recognition
• Feeding
• In evolution
Some predators can lure prey by mimicking signals of prey. Other predators dangle a lure to attract prey.
mid-water squid releases a bioluminescent cloud to startle and confuse predators.
Photoblepharon- blink and run method.
Coconut octopusAmphioctopus marginatus
Deep sea glass squidTeuthowenia pellucida
Inquiry
1. Define bioluminescence.2. Who produces bioluminescence?3. What is the difference between
intrinsic and bacterial bioluminescence?
4. What is the blink and run method?5. What is countershading?6. What is the evolutionary
advantage of bioluminescence in bacteria?