biomes and ecosystems - 7.10b: describe how biodiversity ... › uploads › 2 › 7 › 8 › 2 ›...
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Biomes and Ecosystems - 7.10B: describe how biodiversity contributes to the sustainability of an ecosystem
A biome is a region of earth where the climate determines the type of plants that live there.
The types of plants in a biome determine the types of animals that live there.
Deserts, grasslands, tundra, taiga, temperature forests and tropical forests are all types of biomes
Climate – this is the main factor that characterizes a biome.
Climate is the long term temperature and precipitation in a region
Where the biome is on Earth affects its climate
Closer to the poles receive less sunlight and are colder, while places that are closer to the equator receive more sunlight and have warmer climates
Rainforest – long, wet seasons –tropical and temperate zones
Taiga – a type of forest, low temperatures but some precipitation
Temperate Forest –hot summers, cold winters, deciduous trees
Tundra – low temps and low moisture
Desert – low temps and low moisture
Grasslands –hot summers, cold winters and medium precipitation
Most biomes stretch across huge areas of land.
Within each biome are smaller areas called ecosystems
Each ecosystem includes a specific community of organisms and their physical environment
In the ecosystem organisms have specifically adapted to live in these conditions
Let’s pretend you went on a vacation to one of the below places. Your friend texts you and wants to know what is like. How do you describe one of these areas to your friend?
A community of organisms that interact with each other and with nonliving environment in a specific area.
Factors, such as temperature and the amount of sunlight determine which species can live in a certain ecosystem.
The components of an ecosystem are all the living and nonliving factors (things) that interact in a particular area.
Abiotic Factors: all the nonliving things in an ecosystem.
Examples:
Air Water
Soil Amount of sunlight
Temperature Minerals
Biotic Factors: all the living organisms in an ecosystem.
Tell me some things that are alive in a forest:
Large:Trees, deer, frogs, birds, etc.Small:Snail, insects, fungus, microorganisms??
In every system, there is an organizational order.
Let’s learn a few of the terms:
1. Organism - An individual form of life that is capable of growing, using nutrients, and reproducing (1 member of 1 species)
Example: a coyote
A group of organisms having many characteristics in common. They can reproduce to produce fertile offspring.
Example:
coyote family
Members of the same species living in a given area
Example: all
of the coyote
families living
on one prairie
All of the populations in a certain area
Example:
every living
thing that lives
on the prairie
All living things and the physical environment that they live in (Biotic and Abiotic factors)
Sun
Water
Soil
Air
Climate
Prairie dogs
coyote
bacteria
plants
insects
Plant and animals must coexist to survive.
They depend upon each other because each provides something the other needs.
There is also an interdependence between biotic and abiotic factors!
Are many factors at work, let’s look at a few of them
Habitat - a specific place in which an organism makes its home. It provides food, water, shelter, and other things the organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce
A very small, specialized habitat, such as a clump of grass or a space between rocks.
Examples:
First picture: old tree stump is a good microhabitat for a snail
Second picture: water in a bromeliad provides a place for a frog to lay eggs, and a tadpole to grow.
Each species of organism has a role, or niche, in the ecosystem in which it lives.
An organism’s niche includes such things as:
1. the type of food it eats
2. How it obtains this food
3. the conditions that organism needs to survive and reproduce
Carrying CapacityCarrying capacity – the number of individuals that can obtain food, shelter, and water from the environment in a given period of time
Limiting FactorsLimiting factors are things that prevent a population from growing any larger
Examples:
Food, water, light, living space, temperature, competition, disease, etc.
Sustainability - The ability of an ecosystem to maintain its stability and structure over time.
The more diverse an energy level is, the more sustainable the ecosystem.
A constant supply of energy (SUN).
Living organisms that can turn energy from the sun into organic compounds.
Material (nutrients) must be recycled between organisms and the environment.
Is long lived
Can recover from natural disasters
Is self supporting, all of the necessary “supplies” are within it
Survives, functions and renews itself over time
Put the completed notes in your binder now and the find this page.
When everyone is ready, we will begin.
An observation of the tiny worlds!7.10C observe, record and describe the role of ecological succession such as in a microhabitat
Definition:
A microhabitat is the smallest part of the
environment that supports
a distinct flora and fauna;
the microenvironment in which an organism lives.
Ex: “A log rotting in the forest creates a microhabitat for insects.”
How to be successful on this assignment:Follow the procedure – answer questions too!
Describe the habitat – use descriptive words!
Source of water – what else besides rain?
Amount of light – does it change throughout the day?
In describing wind and soil type, pay attention to details
Living organisms – identify them the best you can. Take pictures, is the stem round or square? Are the leaves bright green, grey-green, etc.
In microhabitats around here, they should be common and easy to research. Take pictures so that you can compare them to databases online and identify them.
After your observations…
Make sure you have filled out the chart to the best of your ability
Out your pictures in a google or word doc (or powerpoint) and then spend some time identifying these organism that you have found!
How?
There are links posted on my website to help get you started!