biometano. situazione attuale e prospettive...

Biometano. Situazione

attuale e prospettive di

sviluppo Lorenzo Maggioni, R&D CIB

Padova, 29 Marzo 2017

Consorzio Italiano Biogas

(Italian Biogas Consortium)

The CIB - Italian Biogas Consortium, formed in March 2009, has national coverage

and is the reference point in the Italian biogas and biomethane sector.

European projects

MEMBERS

Agricultural biogas plants

> 600

130 companies

COORDINAMENTO BIOMETANO Attivo dal 2011

Padova, 29 marzo 2017 Lorenzo Maggioni [email protected]


PIATTAFORMA BIOMETANO Novembre 2016

• Definitions and why using biomethane

• State of the art

CONTENTS


• Potential developments

• Case studies

• Conclusions

ACRONYMS & DEFINITIONS

FOSSIL FUEL BIOFUEL

Compressed Natural Gas = Compressed Biomethane

CNG = BIO-CNG

Compressed Natural Gas = Compressed Bio Gas

CNG = CBG

Liquified Natural Gas = Liquified Biomethane

LNG = BIO-LNG = LBM

Liquified Natural Gas = Liquified Bio Gas

LNG = LBG


Italian D.Lgs 28/2011: BIOMETHANE “…gas produced from renewable sources with the

characteristics and usage conditions corresponding to those of natural

gas and suitable for injection into the natural gas grid. CH4>97%

UPGRADING UNIT

ACRONYMS & DEFINITIONS

CH4: 55-65%

CH4 > 97%


flexible input material, flexible sale options, storable,

efficient, tailored to demand, climate-friendly


• Biomethane has very low emissions

• Car engines are less noisy

• No new distribution infrastructure

needed. Grids are available

• Biomethane can be blended at any

ratio with natural gas

• Thanks to “biogasdoneright®” model,

it does not compete with food and

can be produced in your own country

• LBM has better quality than (most)

fossil LNG.

• LBM is cleaner and cheaper than

other biofuels per energy unit

Why using biomethane like a sustainable fuel?

http://wwf.panda.org/?95320/Biogas

-saving-nature-naturally-in-Nepal



http://www.nrdc.org/energy/renewables/biogas.asp



STATE OF THE ART Biogas and biomethane in Europe


The number of biogas plants

in Europe increased from

16,834 to 17,376 in 2015

(+3%).

The number of biomethane

plants in Europe increased

significantly from 367 to 459

in 2015 (+25%).

Source: EBA Statistical Report

2016

STATE OF THE ART Biomethane in Europe


Source: EBA Statistical Report

2016

Germany has 185

biomethane plants and is

therefore market leader

for biomethane, as for

biogas. The other 14

countries have a total of

274 biomethane plants

The total biomethane

production in Europe was

1.23 billion Nm3 in 2015

• 2nd European market after Germany

• > 4 Billion € invested in the last 6 years

• > 1.700 biogas plants built (agriculture

+ sewage + waste + industrial).

• > 1.300 MWel

• About 3 billion Nm3 Biomethane

equivalent utilized per year

• 12.000 qualified green jobs created

thanks to biogas

STATE OF THE ART Biogas in Italy

(for the moment biogas used

only for electricity production!)


STATE OF THE ART Biomethane in Italy


• 20 new plants already authorized;

size: 250 – 2.000 m3 biomethane /h

• 1 plant 3.750 m3 biomethane /h

already built and ready to start

• 10 projects for LBM

• Feedstock: actually > Organic

Fraction Municipal Solid Waste

• 7 existent biomethane plants

• Size: 50 – 100 m3 biomethane /h

• Not connected to the natural gas

grids. Demonstrative projects

STATE OF THE ART LNG in Italy

• 8 L-CNG filling station* (> in the North of Italy)

• 6 LNG filling station*

• 20 new LNG or LCNG station in the

process of authorization

• 1.060 NG refuelling station

• Industrial uses

L-CNG

LNG filling station –

Piacenza

(70 trucks/d 10 t/d)

LNG for industrial use

Sardinia

* > LNG from Barcelona terminal

Fleet of 20 LNG trucks LNG filling station

Gera Lario


POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT


Resource Potential [1×109

m9]

Woody Biomass 66

Herbaceous Biomass 11

Wet biomass residues 26

Energy crops 48-143

Total 151-246

Green Gas Grid Project, 2013 European Biomethane Roadmap Maximal technical potential

Consumi di gas naturale in EU nel 2013 = 462×109 m3

Produzione attuale EU di biogas = 14×109 m3 NG equiv.

Un possibile uso del biogas… verso l’autosufficienza energetica!

PRESENT SITUATION

Biogas in Europe


BIOGAS AND BIOMETHANE IN

ITALY


According to Italian Biogas Consortium a realistic development plan of

methane/biomethane within 2020 should include:



Biomethane in Italy

HEAVY TRANSPORT: POSSIBLE SCENARIO IN 2030

Potential replacement of traditional fuels with 10% of LNG (up to 20% in an

optimistic scenario) or LBM.

In Italy LNG and LBM will cover a market volume of 3.2 Mton.

• doubling NG service stations to 2000;

• Doubling current consumption of CNG methane for transport sector up to about

2 billions Nm3 by 2020 (using preferably LNG) ;

• Increasing biomethane consumption up to 25% of the total consumption, about

500.000.000 Nm3/year (bio-CNG or bio-LNG)



Maximum technical potential

8×109 m3/y

Biomethane in Italy

1° biomethane tractor

(bio-CNG)

Biomethane

Diesel

engine

Dual Fuel:

Biomethane + diesel

Italian Gas Grid infrastructure data:

• Primary transport network: 34,000

km;

• Distribution: 250.000 km networks.

High interest from industrial groups

> 1.000.000 NGV


Biomethane in Italy

POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT Biogasdoneright


BIOGASDONERIGHT© is a technological platform that combines Anaerobic

Digestion (AD) technologies and other Industrial and Agricultural practices,

that when applied synergistically are able to:

• produce additional carbon both in already farmed land and in land that suffer

desertification or lowered productivity, especially in dry lands

• simultaneously increase the World Net Primary Production (NPP) of

farmland and lower the negative externalities associated with modern

conventional agricultural practices;

• continuous increase (until an equilibrium is reached) of the organic content

of soils sequestering carbon at the required scale (> 1 Gton C per year)

• realize this at very low cost

• contribute at the same time to an ecological agricultural intensification

POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT Biogasdoneright


Other ways to produce biomethane



SABATIER REACTION: CO2 + 4H2 → CH4

+ 2H2O



• CO2 constitutes more than 70% of greenhouse gases (GHG). In 2002, the world

has issued 23.6 Gt of CO2.

In 2012, 35.6 Gt of CO2. http://www.mpg.de/6678112/carbon-dioxide-climate-change

• The use of biomass in combination with the "Carbon Capture and Storage", by

the year 2050, can avoid emissions by 8.0 Gt of CO2 equivalent. J. Koornneef, P. van Breevoort, P. Noothout, C. Hendriks, L. Luning, A. Camps; 2013



http://www.mpg.de/6678112/carbon-dioxide-climate-change







BIOMETHANE AS BIOFUEL



LNG

bio-LNG

L-CNG

bio-L-CNG



• Bio-LNG can be produced in your own country.

• Bio-LNG, thanks to “biogasdoneright®” model, does not

compete with food.

• Bio-LNG is not LBG. It has a higher energy content.

• Bio-LNG has better quality than (most) fossil LNG.

• Bio-LNG is cheaper than other biofuels per energy unit.

• Bio-LNG is cleaner than all other liquid fuels.

• Bio-LNG can be used to improve fossil LNG quality.

Thanks to Peter van der Gaag




• Integration of natural

gas and electricity

grid

• Production of

renewable & organic

fertilizers

• Production of

biochemicals and

biomaterials

• Mitigation of

emissions

Our aim: an integrated biorefinery distributed on the

territory that brings circular economy at the farm level

BIOGASDONERIGHT AND SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION

AD

MONOCROPS

DOUBLE CROPPING

LIVESTOCK

MANURE

ORGANIC WASTES

ORGANIC FERTILIZERS

MEAT/MILK/EGGS

CEREALS

OTHER CROPS

FEED

RAW BIOGAS

CHILLE R

CHP

HEAT

POWER TO GRID

(CAPACITY PREMIUM)

METHANATION

UNIT

PEM

ELECTROLYZER

H2

SOLAR PV

GRID

POWER

TO GAS

UPGRADING

LIQUEFA

CTION LNG

STORAG

E

L-CNG FOR

TRANSPORT

POLIMERIZATION

UNIT BIOPLASTI

C

REFINERY

BIOPLASTIC

BIOMASS

BIOGAS REFINERY

1. BIOGAS TO POWER 2. POWER TO GAS

3. BIOCH4 TO LNG 4. BIOCH4 TO PLASTIC


Biogas Refinery


BIOMASS A

BIOMASS B

BIOMASS C

BIOGAS

PLANT

CO2

ENERGY

FERTILIZERS

OTHERS

ALGAE

POWER TO

GAS

EMISSION

FREE CAR

BIO CH4 BIOPLASTIC

S

HEAT

LIQUID

SOLID

BIOCHAR

ELECTRICIT

Y

BIOMASS…


Biogas Refinery


1

2

3


• Cooperative, founded in 1956, with 248 shareholders owning

farms with milk production.

• 50,000 head of Friesian and Brown Swiss cows, with an

average milk production of 524.000 liters/day

• 8.000 hectares of forage farm land.

• 150.000.000 € turnover (2014) and 330 employees.

• 2 cheese factories with a totale covered surface of 85.000 m2.

CASE STUDY 1


• In Sardinia there are not natural gas grids and not NGV

• The Cooperative “Assegnatari Associati Arborea - 3A” is already using

LNG (100 m3 storage at the milk factory in Arborea) with a 1 MWel and

1,2 MWth CHP

• For the above reasons, they decided to produce LBM (and not bio-CNG)

• The project includes, also, the construction of bio-LCNG filing stations

• The LBM and the bio-CNG will be used to refuel company trucks and

vehicles of other companies

• If there were problems with the use of LBM in the transport sector, it can

replace LNG

CASE STUDY 1 The project


• Average amount of manure to be treated: 335 m3 / day

• 3 anaerobic digesters with a total volume ~ 14.000 m3

• Raw biogas production: 500 m3 /h di biogas.

• Expected CH4 average content: 55%

• Expected LBM production ~4,5 t/d

• Average amount of Nitrogen to be removed: ~ 580 Kg / d.

• Total investment for the construction of the plant (anaerobic

digestion, LBM production, distribution and LBM digestate

treatment): ~ 12 million Euro.

CASE STUDY 1 numbers


CASE STUDY 2

Caviro uses a thermo-electric power plant that uses solid

fuels (food waste and lignocelluloses biomass), as well as

biogas (produced from waste and water treatment) and

methane, to produce steam at high pressure and

temperature, equipped with two turbo alternators for the

production of electricity.

The electricity generated allows Caviro almost total

independence from reliance on the national grid, while in

terms of heat production the company is already completely

self-sufficient.

• Total area: 343.000 m2 (200.000 m2 covered)

Total flows in / out: 800.000 t / y (35.000

trucks/y)

• Electric Consumption : MWhel 30,000 / year

• Steam Consumption: 150,000 t / year

CASE STUDY 2 Numbers and project

The project:

8 million m3/y biomethane (gaseus)

8 million m3/y LBM


Based in Veneto region, S.E.S.A. is one of the most

important Italian companies involved in the activities of

recycling, recovery, disposal and transportation of waste.

In Este (PD) they own a treatment plant with a capacity

< 300.000 t/y of Organic Fraction Municipal Solid

Waste

CASE STUDY 3


CASE STUDY 3 Numbers and project

• An investment in the

biomethane sector of 42

million euro, spread over

5 years

• 4.500 m3 biomethane / h

(LBM + bioCNG) already

authorized

• > 150 natural CNG and

LNG trucks for the

collection and transport

of waste http://www.sesaeste.it/dett_news.php?id_news=568


CONCLUSIONS

• In Italy biomethane could be a very important advanced bio-

fuel. It could contribute to achieve the climate targets thanks

to the reduction of CO2 eq emissions, it increases security of

supply and Italian energy independence from other countries

• In Italy biomethane has an enormous potential (maximum

technical potential of 8 billion m3 bioCH4 / y)

• THE ITALIAN MARKET IS READY TO START! But it is

important to remove, as soon as possible, some of the major

barriers for his development

• We are looking for NANO-LNG technologies and we are

very interested to participate in EU projects (H2020, etc)


Thanks for

you attention!

CIB

Consorzio Italiano Biogas e Gassificazione

[email protected]

P.IVA: 09248721004

c/o Parco Tecnologico Padano

Via Einstein,

Loc. Cascina Codazza

Lodi (LO)

[email protected]

Lorenzo Maggioni

22-23 May, Parchi del Garda, Pacengo (Verona), Italy

www.regatec.org


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