Book TwoBook Two

China is developing at an unprecedented speed in recent decades and some people say the 21st century belongs to China. How much do you know about China’s image in

foreigners’ mind?

Warm-up Activity

Text

Travels Through the New China

There are 6.5 billion people in the world. Line them up as on a parade ground, then inspect them like a commander in chief. About every hundredth person you pass will be British. Every fifteen-hundredth or so will be a New Zealander. Every fifth will be Chinese.

Para. 1

Language Points

2. parade n. a ceremonial procession including

people marching 游行

3. inspect v. to examine sth. carefully in order to

judge its quality or correctness

● took the cheese out of the refrigerator and inspected it for mold.

1. line up ---- to form a row or arrange people or things in a row

● Please line up in a straight line. ● The visitor did not line up as the

others, but went straight to the front.

Para. 1

Official figures say China has 1.3 billion citizens. Actually it has rather more, perhaps as many as 1.6. That’s almost a quarter of the world’s population. It’s also five times as many people as American’s got.

Para. 2

1. figure n. 1. an amount or value expressed as a number

● American telephone numbers consist of seven figures plus an area

code. ● Please write each figure in the space provided. 2. the shape of an individual human body, especially with regard to

its slimness or attractiveness

● Jane exercises a lot, so her figure is in good shape.

2. time n. used to show the difference in amount of two things, by multiplying one of them by the stated number

● She earns five times as much as I do. 她挣的钱是我的5 倍。 ● His foot swelled up to three times the normal size when it was

stung by a bee. 被蜜蜂蛰了以后，我的脚比原来肿了2 倍。

Para. 2

Having gone to the trouble of gathering 6.5 billion people into one place, do another little exercise. Ask all the farmers to step forward, the people who make their living by working hard on soil or raising livestock. Of course, one in three will be Chinese.

Para. 3

1. go to the trouble ------ do sth. in spite of difficulties; to endure the effort or bother of doing sth.不辞劳苦

● I really don’t want to go to the trouble to cook. ● Thanks. It's really very kind of you to go to all the trouble. 谢谢，你们不嫌麻烦，太好了。 c.f. in trouble ● If you get in trouble, don't hesitate to ask for advice. 如果碰到麻烦 , 要赶紧向人求教。 ask for trouble ●The boss is not in a good mood now; you'd better not ask

for trouble. 老板现在心情不好；你最好不要自找麻烦了。

Para. 3

2. step forward 1. v. 开步 ● Step forward to dance, Mary, don't be such a wallflower. 走出来跳舞 , 玛丽 , 不要当壁花。 2. n. 进步 ● Just having the chance to talk together was a big step forward.

有机会在一块谈谈就是向前迈进了一大步。

3. make one’s living v. 谋生 ● Some men make their living by trapping. 有些人靠用陷阱捕捉动物谋生。 ● Workers make their living wholly or mainly by selling their

labour power. 工人完全地或主要地以出卖劳动力为生。

4. raise livestock livestock n. 不可数

Para. 3

Dismiss the people and line up the world’s pigs. I have no statistics on British or Kiwi pigs, but every second pig in your line will be Chinese. China produces 49 percent of the world’s pork and eats the lot. The figure for ducks is even more impressive, but they’re harder to line up.

Para. 4

1. dismiss v. 解散 ●Dismiss! 解散 ! ●The chairman dismissed the meeting. 主席宣布散会。 gather ● A crowd gathered to see what had happened. 一群人聚拢起来看发生了什么事。

2. impressive v. making a strong or vivid impression ● It's an impressive ceremony. 那是个难忘的仪式。 ● His collection of paintings is the most impressive. 他的绘画收藏令人叹为观止。

Para. 4

To put it simply, China is extremely big. And China is booming. That boom has only just begun. Most Chinese people remain poor but are keen to do whatever it takes to become rich. So China looks set to dominate the twenty-first century. And once it has gained domination there seems no reason why it shouldn’t retain it for however many centuries are left to our species. China is just too big to argue with. Only India could put up much of a fight and it probably won’t.

Para. 5

1. to put it simply ------- to say sth. in a way easy to understand ●To put it simply, we’re back. We mean, really back. ●To put it simply, it’s because being late may cause a lot of

troubles.

2. boom 1. v. experience significant increase in grow, etc. ● Business has been booming since the government took the new economic measures. 2. n. significant increase in amount ● There is a population boom in that country after the Second

World War. 3. n. significant increase in business, etc. ● The first quarter of the year saw a boom in sales.

Para. 5

3. be keen to do ---- be eager to do ● He is keen to have a look at the Great Wall. 他很想去看看长城。 ● He seemed mad keen on (ie very interested in) my sister. 他发疯似的爱着我妹妹 .

4. dominate v. control: to have control, power, or authority over sb. or sth.

● The superpowers competed to dominate the world. domination n.

5. once conj. from the moment that sth. happens ● Once you see him, you would understand what I meant.

Para. 5

6. however 1. conj. in whatever way: ● You can do it however you like. ● If we win the match we'll be delighted, however it

happens. 2. adv. nevertheless; yet ● We have not yet won; however, we shall keep trying. to whatever extent or degree; no matter how ● However much you spend, I will reimburse you. in whatever manner ● We will allow you to travel however you please. how; how under the circumstances ● However did you manage?

Para. 5

7. put up a fight --- pick a fight 挑起战争 ● It is necessary to put up a fight against waste. 有必要开展一次反浪费斗争。 ●He put up a good fight against his sickness. 他努力奋斗以抵抗病魔。 Difficult sentences1. And once it has gained domination there seems no reason

why it shouldn’t retain it for however many centuries are left to our species.

--- means: when China becomes the most powerful country in the world and take the control of the world, it will take American place today and keep its advantages for many centuries.

2. China is just too big to argue with. --- means: China is so strong and powerful that no one can race

for its position in the world.

Already most of us are clothed to China, shod by China, supplied with hardware by China, effectively in debt to China. And yet most of us know very little about China. My experience is typical. I left university thirty years ago, apparently educated. My knowledge of China is zero.

Para. 6

1. ignorance n. the lack of knowledge or education ● Knowledge makes humble; ignorance makes proud. [ 谚 ] 知识使人谦虚，无知使人骄傲。 ignore v. ● He's his own man, but he doesn't ignore advice. 他虽然自有主张，但并不轻视别人的意见。

2. get caught in --- 陷入 ● Pretty good, but I got caught in a traffic jam in Beijing. 很好，不过在北京碰上了交通阻塞。 ● we got caught in a rain on the way home. 归途遇雨

3. passed the time 打发时间 ● She passed the time by reading a book. 她看书来消磨时间。

Para. 7

4. tall story n. 夸大的故事 ( 鬼话 ) ● That's a tall story, if you like. 就当那是吹牛吧。 tall adj. incredible: exaggerating the events of

something beyond the bounds of probability, especially in a boastful way

● He’s always telling tall stories.

5. lie in --- 在于 ● The chief proof of a man's real greatness lie in his

perception of his own smallness. 一个人真正伟大的主要证明在于认识到自己的渺小。

Para. 7

In the Chinese language two characters represent the country. The first is a square with a vertical stroke through it. It means middle. The second looks like a Christmas tree in a box. It means people. China sees itself and has always seen itself as the centre of the world, the Middle Kingdom.

Para. 8

For thousands of years China led the world in technology and pretty much everything else. Only since the eighteenth century has the West caught up with China and then overtaken it. But the West’s triumph looks like proving brief. China has joined in the race again and is coming up fast on the rails. It will get its nose ahead soon. Then it will move very fast. Again.

Para. 9

1. Only since the eighteenth century has the West caught up with China and then overtaken it.

only＋状语置于句首引起的倒装句

副词 only 置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒装

● Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair. 只有在大城市里才能买到新轮椅。● Only when we had studied the data again did we realize

that there was a mistake. 只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候， 我们才意识到出了一个

错● Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he

get some tickets in the end. 一些预订被取消了， 他才得以买到了几张票。

注意： 如果放于句首的 only 所修饰的不是状语时， 该句不用倒装。 ● Only John can save me. 只有约翰能够救我。

Para. 9

2. catch up with ● He walked too slowly to catch up with me. 他走得太慢而不能跟上我。● I have to work hard to catch up with the other students. 要想赶上其他同学，我得特别努力才行。

3. triumph n. success● The house is an architectural triumph. 这所房子是建筑学的成就。

4. brief adj. short● Please be brief because I am in a hurry. 我有急事，请长话短说。

Para. 9

5. overtake v. 1. to catch up with and pass a person or vehicle

traveling in the same direction ● The police overtook the robber on the highway. 2. do better than sb.: to reach and then surpass a level

achieved by sb. or sth. ● The visiting team overtook our team in the final round of

competition.

6. nose ahead ---- win by small margin, move forward, make progress

● New aircraft carriers nose ahead.

7. It will get its nose ahead soon: It means the country will get into the top rank very soon.

Para. 9

Vocabulary and Structure Task 3. Find words in the text that mean:

1._________ having the distinctive qualities of a particular type of person or thing2._________ a great victory or achievement3._________ a printed or written letter or symbol4._________ a public procession, esp. one celebrating a special day or event5._________ a number, esp. one which forms part of official statistics6._________ look at carefully in order to find out about7._________ be a symbol of something8._________ difficult or impossible to understand, explain, or identify9._________ farm animals regarded as an asset10._________ in actual reality or fact

typical 

triumph 

character 

parade 

figure 

inspect 

represent

mysterious 

livestock  effectively

Task 4. Find right words from below to fill in the blanks; you may change their forms to make the sentences complete.

typical represent dominate  rejoin  prove  inspect  boom  suspect  retain  dismiss 

1. I had to__________ him, for he made a big mistake.2. Next, they used all kinds of instruments to________ me.3. John is a ________ policeman. But he has a strange hobby —

swimming in winter. 4. The Foreign Minister___________ the country at the

conference.5. __________your original receipt as proof of purchase.6. The idea _____ to be very effective. We were all delighted. 7. Capable leaders can___________ any situation by force of

character.8. It also said the country should__________ the Treaty on the

Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons ( 不扩散核武器公约 ).9. It was then I began to________ that he did not tell the truth.10. If the economy or a business is_____________, the amount of

things being bought or sold will increase.

dismiss inspect

typical

represented

Retain proved

dominate rejoin

suspect

booming

Task 5. Translate the following sentences into English using the phrases given.

1. 我们在阅兵场上肩并肩地排成一行。 (line up, shoulder to shoulder)

We lined up across the parade ground, shoulder to shoulder.2. 不管他在不在对我们的工作不会有影响 . (make no difference) Whether he is here or not will make no difference to our work.3. 关于这个事件的说法实在令人难以置信。 (tall story) That’s a tall story about the event.4. 我们尽了最大努力以确保仪式正常进行。 (on the rails, ceremony). We have made every effort to ensure that the ceremony run

back on the rails.5. 他在会议一开始就讲了几个笑话，让大家放松一些。 (a couple of) He started the meeting with a couple of jokes to help

everyone relax.6. 虽然生了一场大病，但他会赶上大家的。 (catch up) Although he had been seriously ill, he would be able to catch

up with the rest of us.

Translation

shall + 第一人称动词原形 will + 第二、第三人称动词原形，也用于第一人称

1. 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。例如： I shall graduate from Yale University next year. She will pick you up on her way home. 2. 表示将来反复发生的动作或习惯性动作。例如： Miss Lin will have five English classes per week this term. Spring will come again. 3. will 可用以强调将来主动要做的事情。例如： I will send you the paper when I get it. I will translate the letter, so Mr. White can read it.

Language Focus

Future Tense and Past Future Tense

一般将来时的形式

4. 还可以用 will表示承诺。例如： I will call you when I arrive. I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.5. 结构 am/is/are + going to do多用于表示计划或打算要做的事情。例如：

I am going to buy a new jacket this winter. I’m going to be an actor when I grow up.6. 用下列动词的现在进行时可表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。如：

join, play, eat, work, return, take, wear, meet, move, sleep, have, do, stay, arrive, leave, speak, start, come 等。例如：

I am having a meeting this morning. I am eating with my sister after work. 7. 结构 be + 不定式，表示根据计划、安排应该做的事，或用来征求意

见。例如： Am I to take over her work? The shop is going to be opened in June. 8. 结构 be about + 不定式，表示即将发生的动作，但句中不可出现表示未来的时间状语。例如：

The meeting is about to begin. He is about to be promoted.

should (would) + 动词原形

1. 表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。例如： She said that she would wait for him at the bus stop. I hoped that they would meet again someday.2. 表示过去的某种习惯性行为，只用 would 。例如： Whenever I had trouble, I would come to him for help. He would go to the bar every Sunday when he was in town. 3. 几种表示过去将来时的结构： was/were + going to do 表示准备、计划做某事，或将要发生某事。例

如： I was going to buy a book then. She was not going to do anything that morning. was/were + about to do 表示即将，或正要做某事。例如： He was about to leave when the phone rang. Peter was about to come last night when it rained. was/were due to do表示定于某时应该做某事。例如： The train was due to leave at 8:00 p.m.

过去将来时的形式

4. go, come, leave, take off 等少数动词，可以用于过去进行时，表示过去将要发生的事情。例如：

I was leaving for American soon. A lot of people were coming to watch the show.

Task 6. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow morning. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Sue ________ very busy this week; she ________ free next

week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 3. There ________ a show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 4. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.

A. will gives B. will give C. gives D.

give ( ) 5. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ it for you at

once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will

get

( ) 6. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would

have ( ) 7. I _______ be homeless; for I can’t pay the loan and the bank

______ get the house back. A. am going to; is to B. am to; is due to C. can be; is going to D. am about to; will( ) 8. He ________ in three days. By then, his daughter _______

recovered. A. coming back; is B. came back; has been

C will come back; will be D. is going to coming back; would be

( ) 9. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning. He ____ meet the visiting delegation.

A. would be; had to B. is; is going to C. will be; is to D. should be; has to ( ) 10. I ________ a lawyer when I grow up.

A. will be B. am to be C. was going to be D. would be

The steps should be followed when writing a letter of complaint:1. State specifically what is wrong.2. Explain your viewpoint (and try to be reasonable)!3. Suggest specific adjustments or corrections.

March 15th , 2010

Dear manager, 　　 I write this letter to you to make some complaints about the computer I bought in your

store yesterday afternoon. There ＇ s something wrong with it. That makes me extremely unhappy.

　　 The computer cannot be properly shut down when I got it back to the office. When I click the shutdown button, it seems that the machine gives no response. And I ＇ m so annoyed with it.

　　 It ＇ s obvious that you didn’ t carefully examine the machine before you sold it. I think your store should take full responsibility for selling me the defective machine. I insist that you give me a satisfactory reply. I do want you to give back my money as soon as possible.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Sincerely yours, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Tom

Letter of Complaint

Task 10. The following is a letter of complaint. Fill the blanks with the given words or expressions.

and arrived attached attention fall over made space with

Dear Mr. Baldwin, ______ are some photos of a truck shipment of cereal boxes

that _______ at Des Moines this morning on our order No. 7771.

As you can see in the pictures, there was a ______ of about three feet between the last stack of boxes ____ the truck door. This space was not braced or filled _____ dunnage ( 垫 料 ), allowing the boxes in the rear of the truck to shift and _______.

Please call this to the ________ of those in charge of loading trucks. Reasonable effort must be ________ to minimize damage while in transit ( 在运输当中 ).

Yours Sincerely, Rod Stewart

arrivedspace

andwith

attentionfall over

made

Attached

Task 10. The following is a letter of complaint. Fill the blanks with the given words or expressions.

and arrived attached attention fall over made space with

Dear Mr. Baldwin, ______ are some photos of a truck shipment of cereal boxes

that _______ at Des Moines this morning on our order No. 7771.

As you can see in the pictures, there was a ______ of about three feet between the last stack of boxes ____ the truck door. This space was not braced or filled _____ dunnage ( 垫料 ), allowing the boxes in the rear of the truck to shift and _______.

Please call this to the ________ of those in charge of loading trucks. Reasonable effort must be ________ to minimize damage while in transit ( 在运输当中 ).

Yours Sincerely, Rod Stewart

Attachedarrived

spaceand

with

attentionmade

fall over