boosting skills for greener jobs in pomorskie nathalie cliquot, policy analyst, leed centre for...

BOOSTING SKILLS FOR GREENER JOBS IN

POMORSKIE

Nathalie Cliquot, Policy Analyst, LEEDCentre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs and Local DevelopmentOECD

For more information, see www.oecd.org/greengrowth

Content

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• Introduction: the OECD LEED programme

• Boosting skills for greener jobs project

• Pomorskie case study results– Report main findings

– Company survey

– Recommendations

• International examples

The OECD Local Economic & Employment Programme (LEED)

• Created in 1982• Key themes: Employment & skills;

Entrepreneurship; the social economy; economic development; governance

• Forum on Partnerships and Local Development: over 2600 members in 53 countries

• OECD Trento Centre for Local Development3

LEED’s mission is to contribute to the creation of more and better jobs through effective policy

implementation, innovative practices, stronger capacities and integrated strategies at a local level


LEED green growth projects

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• “Improving the Effectiveness of Green Local Development”

– Case studies in Australia, Brazil, China, Mongolia, Spain and the United Kingdom

• “Measuring the Potential of Green Growth: towards a local transition to a low-carbon economy” – Case studies Denmark, Germany, Chile

and BENELUX

• “Skills for greener jobs in a local labour market context: Boosting skills for greener jobs”– Ongoing case studies in Flanders

(Belgium), Pomorskie (Poland), Attica (Greece), Western Cape (South Africa)

www.oecd.org/cfe/leed


Boosting skills for greener jobs Overall Project objectives

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• What skills are needed for accelerating the transition towards a greener economy?

• What strategies could support the transition of energy/carbon-intensive industries and the job and entrepreneurship potential of green industries?

• What role for education and labour market institutions actors and research institutions?


Methodology (1)

• Collaboration with regional/local partners: (steering committees in Flanders, Pomorskie and Western Cape)

• Selection of highlight sectors with a mix of industry types and geographical context

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Sector coveredFlanders Agriculture and manufacture of

food products, Chemicals, Construction

Pomorskie Blue economy sectors (fishing/aquaculture, shipbuilding, construction, energy, blue biotechnology, seabed mining and water management)

Attica Construction Waste management

Western Cape Aquaculture(Blue economy)


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• Interviews with stakeholders (education and training, industry associations, business representatives) and company case studies (Flanders)

• Phone survey with businesses in each country: 4860 companies contacted – 333 respondents

• 7 local roundtables and workshops

• On-line survey questionnaire for policy makers (Flanders and Greece)

Methodology (2)


Pomorskie case study – case study results

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• Methodology

• Research findings

• Company survey

• Recommendations


Methodology

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1. Focus on blue economy and water sectors

2. Collaboration with Polish Ministry of Infrastructure and Regional Development and Marshal Office of Pomorskie Region

3. 25 Interviews with stakeholders (education and training, industry associations, representatives)

4. Survey with businesses in Pomorskie;

5. 1 Workshop (Gdansk 6 November 2014)

6. Final report


Main findings:Greening the blue economy

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• Unprecedented environmental challenges for coastal areas

• Unique opportunities for the transition to a green economy – greening traditional sectors (tourism, fisheries, transport) and new emerging green sectors (offshore energy)

• This require holistic strategies to promote synergies and co-development and solve potential conflicts(spatial planning)


Polish national and regional policy framework for the blue economy

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• Recent changes and improvements (Law on renewable energy)

BUT

• Fragmentation and dispersion of responsibilities for blue economy sectors

• Strategic documents often focus on specific sectors more focused on socio-economic development than greening

• Maritime spatial planning not thoroughly used to facilitate synergies between sectors and address potential conflicts


A strong potential for greening the blue economy – a smart specialisation?

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• Traditionally strong blue economy sector (shipbuilding, fisheries, tourism)

• New emerging sectors (renewable energy, green tourism, aquaculture, blue biotechnology)

• Potential to be explored for a “smart specialisation” for Pomorskie approach to gear innovation, education and industrial policies building on strength and competitive advantage


Education and training response

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• Pomorskie is a strong educational centre for blue economy sectors (University of Gdansk and Gdynia)

• Skills shortages (technicians) already identified and difficulties to retain talent in the region.

• Limited attention to skills for the green economy transition (no monitoring or skills anticipation for green economy transition, limited adaptation of vocational education and training)

• Employers and trade associations not involved in defining training needs

• Knowledge sharing and cluster activities very limited


Company survey: Greening company practices in Pomorskie

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• Carried out in September – October 2014• 124 responses• Around 3000 companies contacted (out of

6400 registered companies in the selected sectors)

• Objective: understand what is accelerating the transition to a green economy and identify impacts related to skills and employment


Company survey: characteristics of respondents

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• A majority of micro-companies (9 or less employees)

• Main blue economy sectors (transport and port, water treatment, fisheries and fish processing, energy, tourism and recreation, marine science and biotechnology, shipbuilding, mining and sea-bed

mining)

• Mainly operating at local (40%) and national and international level (25%) with only 16% with a regional dimension

3 or lessBetween 10 and 49Between 4 and 9Between 50 and 250More than 250


Perceived environmental challenges for businesses in Pomorskie

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• Environmental challenges are mainly considered “minor”, especially for micro-companies

• Energy and waste most often quoted as prominent challenges

• No significant differences across sectors


Are companies greening their practices?

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- 61 % of companies have introduced “green measures”

- 43% have introduced a small numbers of measures, 3% claim to have completely reshape their businesses

- Measures mainly related to pollution reduction (air quality, hazardous chemicals) (50%) and nature conservation (40%) followed by energy, waste and water (40%).


Drivers for introducing green measures in businesses

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Obstacles

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Greening measures and skills need

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- 65% of companies which have introduced “green measures” have had to hire new staff (20%), train current staff (40%) or hire consultancies (40%).

Job profiles impacted Skills


0102030405060708090Technical

Communication andinterpersonal

Entrepreneurial

ManagerialICT

Foreign languages

Legal

Flanders

Pomorskie*

Attica

Western Cape**

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• Limited uniquely “green skills” : technical, entrepreneurial, communication skills

Company surveys findings: skills in demand for the green transition


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• The most frequent action to remedy skills shortages is to up-skill or retrain current employees, as opposed to hiring new employees.

• Companies also frequently hire consultancy services

Company surveys findings: skills impact

0 20 40 60 80 100

Flanders

Pomorskie

Attica

Western Cape

Upskill or retrain currentemployee

Hire consultancy services

Hire new employee


Training providers

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Obstacles to training

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The training I need does not exist

Timing of possible training

Lack of information on available training

The training is not available in my region

Price of training

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

• Variation between sectors for the main obstacles:- Energy and water treatment: cost of training and availability in the

region. - Mining and seabed mining, fisheries and aquaculture, transport and

port, shipbuilding sector, tourism and recreation: costs of training and the lack of information on available training


Knowledge-sharing activities

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• Less than one in 5 entrepreneurs indicates collaboration within a business cluster or industry associations to keep abreast of developments and innovation in their sector.

• Collaboration with university, local government or with foreign partners is negligible ( less than 5%).

• Preferred sources of information remain specialised magazines and websites


Support from public authorities needed

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Pomorskie recommendations 1/4

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• Better articulating a vision for the green economy within blue economy sectors

– At national level:

– Improve overall governance and coordination for the blue economy

– Continue to build and strengthen strategic alliances with other Baltic States to develop marine spatial planning and blue economy strategies

– Better monitor the skills aspect of the transition to a green economy

– At regional level:

– Strengthen the use of spatial planning to articulate common goals

– Assist business representatives and trade associations in roadmapping activities to green the sector and develop multi-sector strategies

– Further explore the role of blue economy as a smart specialisation development for Pomorskie



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• Assisting businesses in seizing opportunities for greening traditional as well as new and emerging sectors


– Support business cluster activities in the blue economy sector

– Support green economy incubator to promote entrepreneurship in traditional or new emerging sectors of the green economy

– Raise awareness on the benefits of the green economy

– Continue improving processes for environmental impact assessments

– Mobilise public funding to support green innovation in the blue economy sectors



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• Promoting skills and knowledge sharing in collaboration with businesses


– Better anticipate and monitor training needs in relation to the green transition for instance with the Regional Labour Office and advisory boards

– Help setting up intermediaries to boost business/academia dialogue and foster green innovation

– Encourage the promotion of green values at all level of education



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• Using the European Social Fund– At the national and regional level:

– Involve public employment services to help boost green economy skills and prepare career pathways for displaced workers

– At the regional level:

– Encourage and support apprenticeship and develop specific training


International examples

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Nova Scotia (Canada) Building a talent pipeline for the renewable energy sector in collaboration with business clusters

– Clear Policy framework (with targets and objectives for renewable energy production including maritime)

– Using the existing industrial basis of the offshore oil and gas industry (meeting with SMEs in the supply chain to consider renewable energy opportunities)

– Developing training courses together with universities and technical college

– Innovation connectors: centre of research– Subsidies for students to be hired in SMEs of the energy

sector (energy training programme)– Provincial ministry of energy developed activities with

businesses (assistance for participation in international fair, liaising with international partners for instance Scotland)



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Flanders (Academy for the future) – Public training agency training local technician for the offshore wind sector hand in hand with local companies

– Stevin project: offshore wind and grid– Assignment of responsibilities to regional public

training agency Syntra to help with the skills (objective: ensure job creation benefits local population – prepare local technicians for t

– Close collaboration with offshore wind companies to estimate needs, analyse skills gaps , create a new professional profile and develop and deliver training courses (target group mainly technicians operating in other sectors)

– Step by step process before the implementation of the plan



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Monitoring green skills: Observatory of green skills and jobs in France

• The observatory for green skills and jobs (ONEMEV): a structure for dialogue and work among various stakeholders coordinated by the French General Commission for Sustainable development.

• build a methodological framework to conduct studies and collect data and ensure a shared diagnosis on jobs, professions and training for green growth.

• several working themes – one of which brings together regional observatories for training, employment and other local stakeholders to develop methods and tools for collecting comparable regional data on economic activities, occupations and jobs linked to the green economy, socio-demographic evolutions, recruitment process and types, skills and training needs to meet companies’ requirements and assist career transitions.



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• Involving businesses and unions: London Green skills partnership:

– Partnership co-ordinated by Unionlearn, a Trade Union body in charge of education and skills,

– Training for job seekers in both basic and specific environmental skills

– Trained individuals also act as ‘green ambassadors’ in their neighbourhoods and workplaces

• Creating intermediaries and innovation connectors: North East England (UK)

– Newcastle “Science city”: assisting entrepreneurs to test their ideas. Centre of excellence : National Renewable Energy Centre (Narec), Technology park North East Technology Park (NETPark)

• Dedicated funds (Denmark)

– Fund for Green Business Development promotes eco-efficiency in Danish firms by giving grants to selected firms. (19 million Euros for the period 2013-2016).

– Accelerator programme on green business model innovation


Thank you

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boosting skills for greener jobs in pomorskie nathalie cliquot, policy analyst, leed centre for...

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