borjomis raionsi catarebuli arqeologiuri kvleva-ziebis...
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borjomis raionSi
Catarebuli arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis
kompleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
(Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri)
avtorebi
irine RambaSiZe, giorgi gogoWuri
momzadda
saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis
oTar lorTqifaniZis
arqeologiis centri
uznaZis q. #14
0102 Tbilisi, saqarTvelo
gadaeca
BTC/SCP milsadenebis kompanias
saburTalos q. #38
Tbilisi, saqarTvelo
samuSao Sesrulda kontraqtebis safuZvelze
C-06-BTC-116628
C-06-SCP-116630
HL-242
2007
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
2
sarCevi
mokle mimoxilva .................................................................................................................... 3
1.0 Sesavali .................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 garemo foni .................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Zeglis mdebareoba da aRwera ................................................. 5
2.2 warsuli garemo ................................................ 6
2.3 miwis gamoyenebis istoria ............................................... 7
3.0 kulturul foni .................................................................................................... 8
3.1 preistoriuli da istoriuli konteqsti .................... 8
3.2 warsulSi Catarebuli kvlevebis mimoxilva ........... 16
4.0 meTodologia ............................................................................................................... 17
4.1 savele meTodebi ................................................................................... 17
4.2. laboratoriuli meTodebi ......................................................... 17
5.0 Sedegebi .................................................................................................................................. 18
5.1 ZiriTeadi monacemebis molke mimoxilva ........................ 18
5.2 Zeglebi .................................................................................................................... 19
5.3 artefaqtebi ................................................................................................ 20
6.0 interpretacia ..................................................................................................... 23
7.0 daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi ........................................................................... 25
8.0 bibliografia .................................................................................................... 26
danarTebis sia
danarTi A artefaqtebis nusxa ...................................................................... 29
danarTi B anTropologiuri kvlevis Sedegebi .......................
tabulebis sia
tabula I saqarTveloSi Zeglis mdebareobis
aRmniSvneli ruka ..........................................................................
tabula II erTi kilometris radiusSi mdebare
Zeglebis ruka ..........................................................................
tabula III pedologiuri da arqeologiuri stratigrafia ......
tabula IV samarxi #2 .......................................................................................................
tabula V artefaqtebi II donidan ........................................................
tabula VI artefaqtebi #2 samarxidan ........................................................
tabula VII artefaqtebi I da II doneebidan ..........................................
tabula VIII artefaqtebi I donidan ..........................................................
tabula IX kraniologiuri masala #1 da #2 samarxebidan .......� ���
mokle mimoxilva
es angariSi warmoadgens milsadenis mSeneblobasTan dakavSirebiT
Catarebuli arqeologiuri da laboratoriuli kvlevebis Sedegebs.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
3
kvleva Catarda IV_338 Zeglze, romelic mdebareobs samcxeSi, borjomis
raionSi, sof. sakireSi, 199+320 km. niSnulze.
sakiris cixis siaxloves, adgil sanacreebze gazsadenis milisaTvis
Txrilis gaWrisas dazianda kulturuli fenebi da ormosamarxi. am
monakveTze droebiT SeCerda mimdinare miwis samuSaoebi da eqspediciam
wamoiwyo mciremasStabiani gaTxrebi, romelTa mizansac warmoadgenda
Zeglis xasiaTisa da stratigrafiis garkveva, dazianebuli samarxis
gawmenda, monacemTa amoReba da dokumentireba.
savele da laboratoriuli samuSaoebi Catarda oTar lorTqifaniZis
arqeologiis institutis borjomis arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier,
irine RambaSiZis xelmZRvanelobiT, 2005-2007 wlebSi.
Seswavlili iqna 3.0-3.5 m sisqis kulturuli fenebi 32 m2-is farTobze.
kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom Zegli aris gvianbrinjao-
adreSuasaukuneebis mravalfeniani namosaxlari da samarovani. Zeglis I
fena ganekuTvneba adreuli Sua saukuneebis namosaxlars � marans,
romelSic dadasturda 4 qvevri da qviT Sevsebuli erTi ormo. II fena
Sedgeba ori donisagan: erTSi gaiTxara elinisturi xanis ori samarxi;
meoreSi ki dadasturda ufro adreuli etapis namosaxlaris naSTebi,
romlebic samarxebis gamarTvis Sedegad aris dazianebuli. gaTxrebis
Sedegad gamovlinda 97 artefaqti.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
4
1.0 Sesavali
kvlevis mizani
sakiris cixis siaxloves, adgil sanacreebze, milsadenis 199-e km-ze
gazsadenis milisaTvis Txrilis gaWrisas dazianda kulturuli fenebi
da ormosamarxi. am monakveTze droebiT SeCerda mimdinare miwis
samuSaoebi da eqspediciam wamoiwyo mciremasStabiani gaTxrebi,
romelTa mizansac warmoadgenda IV-338 Zeglis xasiaTisa da
stratigrafiis garkveva, dazianebuli samarxis gawmenda, monacemTa
amoReba da dokumentireba.
proeqtis damfinansebeli
savele da laboratoriuli samuSaoebi daafinansa BTC milsadenis
kompaniam.
nebarTvebi da kontraqtebi
nebarTva #3, forma #1 gaica saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis
prezidiumTan arsebuli arqeologiuri komisiis mier irina RambaSiZis
saxelze, borjomosa da axalcixis raionebSi, baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis
milsadenis mSeneblobis teritoriaze arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis
Casatareblad.
aRniSnuli samuSaoebTi mimdinareobda Semdegi kontraqtebis
safuZvelze: C-03-BTC-52923, C-03-SCP-52927, HL-194, HL-196, HL-197, HL-242. samarTlebrivi safuZveli
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa
akademiis prezidiumTan arsebuli arqeologiuri komisia
uflebamosili iyo nebarTva gaeca yvelanairi arqeologiuri
samuSaoebis warmoebaze saqarTvelos teritoriaze. arqeologiuri
samuSaoebi unda Catarebuliyo arqeologiuri komisiis moTxovnebis
Sesabamisad.
gaTxrebis TariRi
sofel sakireSi, adgil sanacreebze arqeologiuri gaTxrebi
iwarmoeboda 2005 wlis 8-dan 17 dekembramde.
proeqtSi monawile ZiriTadi personali
xelmZRvaneli - irine RambaSiZe
arqeologi - giorgi gogoWuri
arqiteqtori - nino oqruaSvili
asistenti - daviT RambaSiZe
masalis Senaxvis adgili
Zegl IV-338-ze mopovebuli arqeologiuri masala da masTan
dakavSirebuli savele Tu laboratoriuli angariSebi inaxeba
saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis oTar lorTqifaniZis arqeologiis
cenrtSi, uznaZis 14, 0102 Tbilisi, saqarTvelo
tel. 995 32 952920
sabolood arqeologiuri artefaqtebi daculi iqneba borjomis
mxareTmcodneobis muzeumSi, wminda ninos 5, 1200 borjomi, saqarTvelo
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
5
2.0 garemo foni
borjomis raioni emTxveva istoriul Toris mxares. is moicavs mtkvris
xeobas axaldabidan dviramde da aseve gujareTiswylisa, Savwyalas
(borjomulas) da ramdenime patara mdinaris xeobebs. Crdilo-
dasavleTidan mas farglavs mesxeTis qedi, samxreTidan _ TrialeTis
qedi.
borjomis raionis teritoria agebulia umTavresad eocenis
vulkanogenuri wyebebiT, andezitebiT, tufebiTa da danaleqi qanebiT.
gvxvdeba meoTxeuli mdinareuli da tbis naleqebic. aq aris bakurianis,
gujareTisa da dabaZvelis vulkanuri centrebi. reliefis SedarebiT
msxvili formebidan aRsaniSnavia cixisjvris lavuri plato.
hava gardamavalia kontinentur subtropikulidan zRvis
subtropikulamde, civi zamTriTa da xangrZlivi zafxuliT. haeris
saSualo wliuri temperaturaa 6-10°C, temperaturis wliuri amplituda
_ 23-25°. wliuri naleqebi 400-600 mm-ia. Tovlis saburvelis simaRle
saSualod 20-40 sm-s aRwevs (saqarTvelos fizikuri geografia 2000).
borjomis raioni mdidaria mcenareulobiT. aq cnobilia mcenareTa 1600-
ze meti saxeoba. raionis teritoriis gabatonebulia upiratesad
naZvnar-soWnari da naZvnar-wiflnari, aris fiWvnaric. Sereul tyeebSi
wiwvianebis gverdiT gvxvdeba wifeli, nekerCxali, muxa, aryi. 2100 m-is
simaRlidan tyeebs subalpuri mdeloebi cvlis.
fauna mravalferovania. ZuZumwovrebidan gvxvdeba iremi, Sveli, wavi,
ciyvi, kverna, maCvi, mgeli, mela, iSviaTad mura daTvi, aqa-q focxveri.
frinvelebidan binadrobs arwivi, kavkasiuri roWo, kodala da sxva.
mdinareebSi ZiriTadad gavrceleblia kalmaxi da murwa (qarTuli
sabWoTa enciklopedia 1977) borjomis raioni mdidaria bunebrivad
Tbili wyaroebiT. kerZod sofel sakiresa da mis SemogarenSi civi
mCqefare wyaroebia. Soriaxlos, sofel dvirTan aris samkurnalo
Tvisebebis mqone Tbili wylebi.
2.1AZeglis mdebareoba da aRwera
namosaxlari da samarovani mdebareobs borjomis raionis sofel
sakires samxreT-aRmosavleTiT, adgil sanacreebSi. Zegli moicavs 2
heqtaramde teritorias da mdebareobs md. mtkvris marjvena Senakadis
md. sakirulas marjvena mxares, Zlier damrec ferdobze, zRvis donidan
1358 m. simaRleze.
geologiurad reliefi aq vulkanuri warmoSobisaa. Zeglis SemogarenSi
umTavresad gavrcelebulia tyis yomrali da gaewerebuli yomrali
niadagebi. dedaqanamade siRrme 1,0 m-de meryeobs. Zeglis mimdebare
teritoriis didi nawili tyesa da buCqnars uWiravs.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
6
2.2 warsuli garemo
uZvelesi dasaxleba saqarTvelos teritoriaze gamovlenilia dmanisSi,
sadac olduvais epoqis (1,8 milioni wlis win) qvis inventarsa da
faunistur masalasTan erTad hominidebis naSTebicaa mikvleuli. asevea
aRsaniSnavi samxreT-aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi aRmoCenili jerjerobiT
erTaderTi adreaSeluri Zegli _ axalqalaqis amiranisgora, romelsac
qronologiurad mohyveba qvis xanis sxvadasxva periodis asobiTY Zegli
(gabunia, vekua 2005). am Zeglebze mikvleul anTropologiur da
paleontologiur masalebs didi mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTveloSi
meoTxeuli periodis (pleistocenidan adre holocenis CaTvliT)
bunebrivi garemos formirebis procesis Sesaswavlad.
mindelis epoqis dasawyisamde (0,6-0,7 milioni wlis win) dRevandeli
saqrTvelos teritoriaze iyo zomierad Tbili hava da savanis tipis
landSafti. havis mkveTr gauaresebas adgili hqonda mindelis epoqis
dasawyisSi. es movlena saqarTvelos teritoriasac Seexo, Tumca misi
samxreTuli mdebareobis gamo aciebas ar hqonia didi masStabi. amis
Semdeg iwyeba mindel-risis Tbili epoqa, romelsac dedamiwis
istoriaSi yvelaze didi _ risuli gamyinvareba cvlis. risis
gamyinvarebas enacvleba risi-viurmis gamyinvarebaTa Soriseuli Tbili
epoqa, romlis asaki 120-70 aTasi wlis winandeli droiTaa
gansazRvruli.
daaxloebiT 70 aTasi wlis win daiwyo Zlieri acieba, ramac ganapiroba
viurmuli gamyinvareba. am gamyinvarebam didi gavlena moaxdina qvis
xanis adamianis gansaxlebaze. mkacri acivebis gamo adamiani tovebs
saSualo da maRalmTian mxareebs da maT mxolod zafxulis Tbil
sezonSi iyenebs, ZiriTadad sanadirod. am epoqaSi adamians mudmiv
sacxovreblad gamoyenebuli hqonda mxolod saqarTvelos bari. Zveli qvis xanidan axali qvis xanisaken gadasvla moxda
zedapleistocenidan holocenisaken gardamaval etapze (daaxloebiT 10-
12 aTasi wlis win). am dros mkveTrad Seicvala hava, rac sagrZnob
daTbobaSi gamoixata.
mezoliTSi adamiani kvlav daubrunda maRalmTian raionebs, romelic
wina, viurmuli gamyinvarebis dros miatova. aqedan moyolebuli
adamiani saqarTvelos teritoriis yvela landSaftur sartyels
iTvisebs sacxovreblad. es imaze miuTiTebs, rom gamyinvarebis momdevno
xanaSi (holocenSi) bunebriv garemos arsebiTi cvlilebebi ar ganucdia
(saqarTvelos arqeologia 1991).
pleistocenuri faunisa da floris monacemebze dayrdnobiT, garkveul
donemde SesaZlebelia saqarTvelos teritoriaze paleoekologiuri
suraTis rekonstruqcia. adre pleistocenidan adre holocenamde
klimaturi pirobebi mkveTrad ar Secvlila. hava iyo zomierad mSrali
da Tbili (gabunia, vekua 1978). aRmosavleT saqarTvelos reliefi Rrma
xeobebiT danawevrebuli saSualo simaRlis mTagoriani masivebiT
xasiaTdeboda. mcenareTa namarxi naSTebis SeswavliT dadginda, rom im
drois aRmosavleT saqarTvelos baris tyeebSi xarobda Tbili da
zomierad teniani havis moyvaruli jiSebi _ muxa, tirifi, Zelqva,
verxvi, aryi, Txili da sxva (gabunia, vekua 1978). namarxi ZuZumwovrebis
Zvlovani masalis kvlevis Sedegad dadasturda cxovelTa Semdegi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
7
saxeobebi: enotisebri ZaRli, afTari, focxveri, xmalkbila vefxvi,
maCvzRarba, mastodonti, giganturi danama, martorqa, spilo,
gaSlilrqiani iremi, Sveli, rqagrexili antilopa, urqo Zroxa,
frinvelebidan _ siraqlema da sxva (gabunia, vekua 1997).
2.3 miwis gamoyenebis istoria
sanacreebis namosaxlaris mimdebare teritoriaze dgas adreuli Sua
saukuneebiT daTariRebuli gujris cixe-simagre da namosaxlari,
romelSic SemorCenilia qviT nagebi Senobebis, maT Soris eklesiis
naSTebi. Zeglis samxreT-aRmosavleTi mxare naTesebs uWiravs.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
8
3.0 kulturuli foni
3.1 preistoriuli da istoriuli konteqsti
qveda paleoliTi (2 000 000 � 100 000 wlis win)
qveda paleoliTi geologiurad pleistocenis adreul safexurs
Seesabameba. am dros gaCnda agebulebis mxriv Tanamedrove adamiani.
gvaris Homo (Homo erectus) pirveli warmomadgenlebi cxovrobdnen mcire
jgufebad da ikvebebodnen sacxovreblis garSemo arsebuli bunebrivi
resursebiT. am periodis obieqti saqarTvelos teritoriaze
gamovlenilia dmanisSi. aq qvis inventarsa da pliocenis faunis
naSTebTan erTad mikvleulia Homo erectus-is naSTebi, romlebic
uZvelesia afrikis kontinentis gareT aRmoCenilTa Soris. isini,
iordanes velis ubdaisas obieqtTan erTad, gviCvenebs Zveli
hominidebis migraciis gzas afrikis gareT.
saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebobs 16 ubani, sadac aRniSnuli
periodiT an ufro gviandeli droiT daTariRebuli aSeluri tipis
qvis iaraRebis kompleqsia aRmoCenili. aqedan ori ubani mdebareobs
qveynis samxreT nawilSi milsadenis derefnis mimdebare teritoriaze.
Sua paleoliTi (100 000 � 35 000 wlis win)
es periodi emTxveva uZvelesi Homo sapiens-is, neandertaleli adamianis
warmoSobas. evropaSi da samxreT-aRmosavleT aziaSi adamianis
istoriis am periodis gviani etapi gamoirCeva e. w. musties qvis
iaraRebis kulturiT, romelic aSelurTan SedarebiT, ufro ukeT
damuSavebuli da ufro mravalferovani formis iaraRebiTaa
warmodgenili. iseve, rogorc CrdiloeT evropam, saqarTvelomac am
periodis ZiriTadi dro glaciur da peri-glaciur garemoSi gaatara.
saqarTveloSi musties qvis iaraRebis 75-ze meti adgilsamyofelia gaxs-
nili. amaTgan Svidi napovnia samxreT saqarTveloSi, proeqtis sivrcis
ZiriTad raionSi.
zeda paleoliTi (35 000 _ 14 000 wlis win)
zeda paleoliTi Seesabameba gvian pleistocenur periods. am periodSi
qvis iaraRebis damzadebis teqnologia mkveTrad umjobesdeba.
zogierTi arqeologis varaudiT, sxvadasxva adgilebSi aRmoCenili qvis
iaraRebis gansxvavebuloba miuTiTebs am periodSi kulturulad
gansxvavebuli jgufebis arsebobaze.
varaudoben, rom am periodSi Camouyalibda adamians metyvelebis unari.
zeda paleoliTis adamianebi saqarTveloSi dakavebuli unda
yofiliyvnen jgufuri nadirobiT. isini xocavdnen irems, bizons,
gareul cxens, gareul Txas, daTvs, gamoqvabulis loms, romelTa naST-
ebi didi raodenobiT aris nanaxi zeda paleoliTis ZeglebSi. adamiani
saxlobda bunebriv gamoqvabulebSi, kldeebis RrmulebSi, mosanadire-
beli cxovelebis bilikebis maxloblad.
saqarTveloSi aRmoCenili sul cota 33 mniSvnelovani zeda paleoli-
Turi obieqtidan sami samxreT saqarTveloSia. arcerTi maTgani ar aris
milsadenis derefanSi an mis maxloblad.
mezoliTi (Zv. w. 12000 � 8000 wlebi)
mezoliTis periodis dasawyisi ganisazRvreba pleistocenis epoqis
dasasruliTa da holocenis dasawyisiT. ganvlilma viurmis glaciaciam
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
9
Seqmna ufro zomieri klimati, ris gamoc gaCnda SedarebiT didi
sivrceebis aTvisebis saSualeba. nadiroba cxovrebis ZiriTad wyarod
rCeboda, magram adamianma daiwyo ufro mravalferovani msxverplis
Zieba. nadirobdnen rogorc jogurad, ise gancalkevebiT mcxovreb
sxvadasxva zomis cxovelebze _ irmebze, cxenebze, cxvrebze.
ekonomikis mniSvnelovani nawili gaxda sezonuri mcenareuli
produqtebis sistematuri mopoveba. adamiani gadavida gamoqvabulis
sivrcidan Ria sivrceebis dakavebaze. es erTnairad xdeboda
saqarTveloSi, mTels evropaSi da samxreT-dasavleT aziaSi. am
periodis gansakuTrebuli Taviseburebaa iaraRis masalis da iaraRis
nairsaxeobebis mkveTri gamravalferovneba. mikroliTebi (kaJis da
obsidianis saWrelebi) da gaprialebuli samtvrevi qvebi, romlebic
mcenareebis dasamuSaveblad gamoiyeneboda, am periodSi Cveulebrivi
movlenaa. qvis sawafebi da harpunebi miuTiTebs TevzWeris
popularobaze. zeda paleoliTis sazogadoebidan mezoliTis
sazogadoebaze gadasvla martivad ganixileba rogorc holocenis
zomieri garemoTi ganpirobebul mravalferovan da ufro xelmisawvdom
resursebTan Seguebis procesi. saqarTveloSi mezoliTis 12
mniSvnelovani obieqtia cnobili. aqedan arcerTi ar aris milsadenis
derefnis siaxloves.
neoliTuri da eneoliTuri periodebi (Zv. w. 8000 � 3500 wlebi)
neoliTuri periodis dasawyisi cnobilia, rogorc revoluciuri,
ramdenadac am dros moxda mkveTri Zvrebi adamianis ekonomikur
cxovrebaSi. adamianma daiwyo nadirobidan da Semgroveblobidan
cxovelebis da mcenareebis moSenebaze gadasvla da xeli mihyo
miwaTmoqmedebas da mesaqonleobas. amavdroulad daiwyo meTuneoba
dagrovebuli mcenareuli sakvebis Sesanaxad da mosamzadeblad.
farTod dainerga iseTi qvis iaraRebi, rogoricaa xelculi, waldi,
namglis CasarTebi, sasres-safqvavebi da Toxi, romlebic miwis
gasasufTaveblad da gasafxviereblad ixmareboda.
paleoliTis da mezoliTis periodebisgan gansxvavebiT, saqarTvelos
neoliTur arqeologiur kompleqsebSi ZiriTad naSTebs meTuneobis
produqciis (sakvebis mosamzadebeli da Sesanaxi WurWlis) namsxvrevebi
warmoadgens, rac sakvebis damzadebis da Senaxvis did mniSvnelobaze
metyvelebs.
pirveli gancalkevebuli neoliTuri saxlebi saqarTvelos
teritoriaze Sedgeboda erTmaneTSi gamavali mrgvali an elifsuri
oTaxebisagan. maT aliziT aSenebdnen da, savaraudod, xis ZelebiT
amagrebdnen; xuravdnen xis totebiT da SlamiT. dasaxlebis
organizaciis magaliTia imiris goris ubani qvemo qarTlSi (samxreT
saqarTvelo)..
Zv. w. VI-V aTaswleulebSi, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos teritoriaze
Camoyalibebulia maRalganviTarebuli miwaTmoqmedebis kultura.
dadasturebulia sxvadasxva jiSis xorbleulis, qeris, fetvis, Svriis,
agreTve parkosnebis (muxudo, ospi), nesvis, mJaunas da sxvaTa naSTebi.
aRmoCenili yurZnis wipwebi miCneulia kulturul vazze gardamaval
formad. dadasturebulia martivi sairigacio sistemis gamoyenebac.
saqarTveloSi daaxloebiT 60 neoliTuri Zeglia cnobili.
umravlesoba dasavleT saqarTveloSia, Tumca maTi koncentracia
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
10
aRiniSneba qveynis samxreT mxareebSic. gviani neoliTis (eneoliTis)
erTi Zegli mdebareobs proeqtis mimdebare teritoriaze axalcixis
raionSi.
brinjaos xana (Zv. w. 3500 � 800 wlebi)
brinjaos xanis kulturam evropaSi, xmelTaSuazRvispireTSi da aziis
samxreT-dasavleTSi Seqmna sazogadoebis axali tipi, romelic
damyarebuli iyo mesaqonleobasa da miwaTmoqmedebaze, meTuneobisa da
bunebrivi liTonis damuSavebis teqnikur ganviTarebaze. es iyo pirveli
stratificirebuli sazogadoeba, romelic imarTeboda samxedro da
sasuliero elitis mier. maT maRal socialur statuss asaxavs
Zvirfasi qvebis, Zvirfasi liTonebisa da brinjaosagan ostaturad
nakeTi samkaulebi.
brinjaos xana iyofa adre, Sua da gvianbrinjaos periodebad.
saqarTvelos teritoriaze am epoqis uadresi kulturaa mtkvar-araqsis
kultura, romelic moicavs eneoliTsa da adreul brinjaos xanas (Zv.
w. 3500-2500 wlebi). is xasiaTdeba alizis, qvis an Tixalesili sar-
lastis nagebobebiT, maRalganviTarebuli sameTuneo, metalurgiuli
saqmianobiT da amave dros ganviTarebuli miwaTmoqmedebiT da
mesaqonleobiT. am kulturis naSTebi koncentrirebulia samxreT
saqarTvelos centralur nawilSi. is aseve vrceldeboda Tanamedrove
somxeTis, azerbaijanisa da aRmosavleT TurqeTis teritoriaze da
ufro samxreTiTac, siria-palestinamde.
sakirisa da taZrisis mimdebare teritoria adrebrinjaos xanidan
intensiurad Cans dasaxlebuli. 2005 wels taZrisis axlos, adgil
Tislis serze gamovlenilia mtkvar-araqsuli kulturis namosaxlari. mtkvar-araqsis kulturas cvlis adreyorRanuli kultura, romelSic
ori etapi gamoiyofa: martyofuli da bedenuri. adreyorRanuli
kulturis adreuli, martyofuli etapis yorRani 2004 wels gaiTxara
kodianas mTaze, milsadenis derefnis 193 km-ze (borjomis arq.
eqspediciis 2004 w. gaTxrebis angariSi). sakiris aRmosavleTiT, adgil
yoCos goraze dazvervebis Sedegad aRmoCenilia Zv. w. II aTaswleulis
namosaxlari da samarovani. aq moZiebuli brinjaos mravalferovani
iaraR-samkauli warmoadgens e. w. mesxuri liTonis tipiur nawarms. Suabrinjaos xanaSi gavrcelebulia e. w. TrialeTis kultura (Zv. w.
2500-1500 wlebi). misi gavlena vrceldeboda dRevandeli saqarTvelos
sazRvrebs gareTac, samxreTiT da aRmosavleTiT. kulturis
saxelwodeba modis TrialeTis platodan (samxreT-centraluri
saqarTvelos teritoria, romelsac kveTs milsadenis derefani), sadac
1930-ian wlebSi arqeologiurad pirvelad iqna Seswavlili misi
naSTebi. TrialeTis kultura xasiaTdeba didi zomis yorRanuli
samarxebiT, brwyinvale sameTuneo nawarmiT, brinjaos metalurgiiTa da
saiuveliro xelovnebiT. sadReisod TrialeTis kultura Seswavlilia
mxolod samarxeuli kompleqsebis meSveobiT. am kulturis matarebeli
sazogadoebis namosaxlarebi jerjerobiT ucnobia.
gviani brinjaos xanaSi swrafad mimdinareobs samxreTqarTveluri
tomebis konsolidaciis procesi, romlis gamoxatulebac iyo
monaTesave tomebis arealSi vrceli teritoriis momcveli
erTgvarovani kulturis Camoyalibeba. dasavleT saqarTveloSi gviani
brinjaos xanaSi viTardeba kolxuri kultura. Zv w XIII-XII saukuneebSi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
11
maT safuZvelze Seiqmna didi winasaxelmwifoebrivi gaerTianebebi _
diaoxi (istoriuli saqarTvelos samxreT-dasavleT mxare, axla
TurqeTSia) da kolxa (dasavleT saqarTvelo).
Suabrinjaos xanis bolo etapze (Zv. w. II aTaswleulis Sua xanebi) da
gvianbrinjaos xanaSi Tori gansakuTrebiT intensiurad saxldeba da
kulturulad winaurdeba. aq gamovlenil gvianbrijaos xanis ZeglTagan
aRsaniSnavia: sof. rvelSi (banisxevSi) SemTxveviT aRmoCenili
kuluturuli fena (Известия Археологической Комиссии 1911); sof. waRverSi
gaTxrili meliToneobis saxelosnos naSTi; aqve, sof. waRverSi
gaTxrili amave periodis ramodenime samarxi; gujareTis xeobaSi
gaTxrili spilenZ-brinjaos gadamamuSavebeli saxelosnos naSTebi da
misTvis damaxasiaTebeli Tanmxlebi masala; sof. TelovanSi SemTxveviT
mopovebuli brinjaos inventari (kolxuri culebi, aRmosavlur-
amierkavkasiuri tipis culebi, liTonis yalibebi, zodebi da sxva),
romelic gansakuTrebuli Rirebulebis masalad aris miCneuli
(RambaSiZe 1967); sof. gomnaSi gamovlenili samarovani (nioraZe 1943).
1970-80-ian wlebSi gaiTxara gvianbrinjao-adrerkinis xanis Zeglebi
rvelSi, CiTaxevSi, kviracxovelSi, borniReleSi, berbukebsa da
maWarwyalSi (Гамбашиде, Квижинадзе 1979, 1981, 1985). rkinis xana da adreklasikuri periodi (Zv. w. 800-500 wlebi)
Zv. w. I aTaswleulis dasawyisSi brinjaos damuSavebidan rkinis
metalurgiaze gadasvlam mniSvnelovani Zvrebi gamoiwvia ekonomikis
ganviTarebaSi da sazogadoebis cxovrebaSi.
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi rkinis warmoebis uZvelesi kera iyo rkinis
madnebiT mdidari qvemo qarTli. rkinis xanis Zeglebi gamovlenilia
walkisa da borjomis raionebSic. dasavleT saqarTveloSi rkinis
warmoebis centrebi dadasturebulia rogorc SavizRvispireTSi, ise
Sida regionebSi, saidanac farTod xdeboda rkinis madnis eqsportireba
berZnul polisebSi.
am periods emTxveva adrindeli qarTveluri gaerTianebebis dacema.
diauxi Zv. w. IX-VIII saukuneTa mijnaze gaanadgura urartus samefom.
kolxa Zv. w. 720 wlis axlos daeca kimerielTa Semosevis Sedegad.
klasikuri periodi (Zv. w. 500-325 wlebi)
aRmosavleT saqarTvelo am periodSi aqemeniduri sparseTis Zlieri
politikuri da kulturuli gavlenis qveS imyofeboda. am gavlenas
adasturebs axalgoris ganZi da cixiagoraze mopovebuli
arqeologiuri masala. mimdinareobda calkeul tomTa konsolidaciis
procesi, romelSic wamyvani roli mesxur tomebs ekuTvnoda.Dam
periodSi dafuZnda qalaqi mcxeTa.
dasavleT saqarTveloSi Zv. w. VI s-is meore naxevarSi Camoyalibda
kolxeTis samefo Tavis qalaqebiT, sataZro centrebiT, ganviTarebuli
mravaldargobrivi xelosnuri warmoebiT, farTo saerTaSoriso
kontaqtebiT. Zv. w. VI-UIV saukuneebSi SavizRvispireTSi gaCnda
berZnuli axalSenebi fazisi (foTTan), gienosi (oCamCire), dioskuria
(soxumi), romelTac xeli Seuwyves kolxeTis ekonomikuri da
kulturuli kavSirebis gafarToebasa da gaRrmavebas. kolxeTis farTo
savaWro urTierTobebi berZnul samyarosTan dasturdeba antikur
avtorTa cnobebiT da mravalferovani arqeologiuri monacemebiT.
gahqondaT ZiriTadad xe-tye da seli, SemohqondaT fufunebis sagnebi _
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
12
Zvirfasi WurWeli, samkaulebi. aq mimoqcevaSi iyo rogorc berZnuli
fuli, iseve adgilobriv moWrili monetebi _ kolxuri TeTri. samefos
mTavari saqalaqo-sataZro centris _ vanis gaTxrebma, romlebic 1947
wlidan dRemde mimdinareobs, umdidresi arqeologiuri masala
gamoavlina.
elinisturi xana (Zv. w. 325-65 wlebi)
iberiasa da kolxeTSi aleqsandre makedonels ar ulaSqria.
saqarTvelo elinisturi oikumenes gareT darCa, magram politikurma,
savaWro-ekonomikurma da kulturulma kontaqtebma elinistur
samyarosTan qveynis ganviTarebaze didi gavlena iqonia.
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi calkeul gaerTianebebs Soris brZolis
Sedegad Zv. w. IV-IIIO saukuneTa mijnaze Camoyalibda iberiis (qarTlis)
samefo dedaqalaqiT mcxeTaSi. qarTuli saistorio tradicia
(`qarTlis cxovreba~) pirvel mefed farnavazs asaxelebs da masve
miawers dedaqalaqis citadelis _ armazcixis mSeneblobasa da armazis
kerpis aRmarTvas. farnavazs mWidro kavSiri hqonda selevkidebis
elinistur samefosTan da saxelmwifo organizaciac mis msgavsad
ganawesa.
elinistur xanaSi saqarTveloze gadioda erT-erTi umTavresi msoflio
savaWro-satranzito magistrali, romlis meSveobiTac qveyanaSi
vrceldeboda berZnuli saqoneli (keramika, torevtika, gliptika da
sxva). dainerga elinisturi samoneto sistema: kolxeTSi Wridnen
lisimaqes, xolo iberiaSi aleqsandres staterebis oqros minabaZebs.
elinistur xanaSi aRiniSneba urbanizaciis procesis gaZliereba da
qalaqebis dawinaureba. am periods emTxveva iberiis dedaqalaq mcxeTisa
da kolxeTis mTavari sataZro qalaqis _ vanis aRmavloba. farTod
gavrcelda elinisturi samSeneblo wesebi da nagebobaTa zogierTi
tipi. elinisturi gavlena atyvia xelosnobis zogierT dargsac _
magaliTad, safeiqro warmoebaSi dainerga vertikaluri saqsovi dazga.
gavrcelda berZnul-elinisturi religiuri kultebi (gansakuTrebiT
farTod _ dionisesi) da rwmena-warmodgenebi, rac dakrZalvis wesebSic
aisaxa _ magaliTad, samarxebSi monetis Cataneba qaronisaTvis
misacemad.
romauli xana
Zv. w. 65 wels romaelma mxedarTmTavarma pompeusma kavkasiaSi ilaSqra
da sxva qveynebTan erTad daimorCila iberia da kolxeTic. kolxeTi
imperiis provinciad iqca. zRvispira qalaqebSi (fasisi, dioskuria,
trapezunti, afsarosi) ax. w. IV saukunemde romauli garnizonebi idga.
iberiam SeinarCuna samefo xelisufleba. iberiis mefeebi miTridate I,
farsman I, farsman II metnaklebi warmatebiT icavdnen Tavs rogorc
romisagan, ise parTiisagan. ax. w. II saukunesa da III saukunis dasawyisSi
iberia Zlieri saxelmwifoa, romelic damoukidebel politikas
axorcielebs.
am periodSi aRiniSneba iberiis dedaqalaq mcxeTis Semdgomi
dawinaureba. ax. w. 75 wels romaelebis daxmarebiT gaamagres armazis
cixis galavani. maRali samSeneblo kulturis maCvenebelia kargad
Semonaxuli Tlili qvebiT nagebi kamarovani akldama. mcxeTaSi. napovni
berZnulwarweriani saflavis qva mowmobs, rom aq III-IV saukuneebSi
arsebobda xuroTmoZRvarTa da mxatvarTa ufrosis Tanamdeboba.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
13
ax. w. II-III saukuneebiT daTariRebul nekropolze armazisxevSi, mcxeTis
maxloblad, aRmoCnda Tasi arameuli warweriT, parTuli oqros
monetebi da sxva. mravali amdroindeli samarxia samTavros
nekropolzec TviT mcxeTaSi. aq mopovebulia berZnul da ebrauli
epigrafikuli masala, monetebi, mravalricxovani samkauli, vercxlisa
da minis WurWeli da sxva.
romauli kulturis da cxovrebis wesis gavleniT saqarTvelos
qalaqebSi Cndeba wyalgayvanilobiT aRWurvili abanoebi (armazisxevi,
bagineTi, urbnisi, Zalisa, biWvinTa, SuxuTi. ukanasknel samSi
gamovlenilia mozaikuri iatakebis naSTebi).
adreuli Sua saukuneebi (IV-X saukuneebi)
saqarTveloSi Sua saukuneebis periodis dasawyisad miRebulia
qarTlis qristianobaze moqcevis weli _ 326 an 337. qristianobis
damkvidreba aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi ukavSirdeba wm. ninos,
romelmac moaqcia jer dedofali nana, Semdeg mefe miriani da mcxeTis
mTeli warmarTi mosaxleobac. dasavleT saqarTvelos zRvispira
qalaqebSi am dros ukve arsebobda didi qristianuli Temebi, magram
saxelmwifo religiad egrisis samefoSi is cota mogvianebiT
gamocxadda.
V-VI saukuneebSi saqarTveloSi Tavisi gavlenis dasamyareblad
ibrZodnen bizantiis imperia da sasaniduri irani. V saukunis II
naxevarSi qarTlis mefe vaxtang gorgasali warmatebiT umklavdeboda
Zlieri mezoblebis agresias. mis saxels ukavSirdeba qalaq Tbilisis
daarseba, romelic male qarTlis dedaqalaqi gaxda. manve daarsa
qarTlis sakaTalikoso, romlis safuZvelzec aRmocenda saqarTvelos
eklesiis avtokefalia.
627 wels qarTlze ilaSqra bizantiis imperatorma heraklem. `qarTlis
cxovrebis~ cnobiT, man aq ramdenime eklesia aaSena da maT Soris
awyuris kaTedralic. VII saukunis SuaxanebSi saqarTvelo arabebma
daipyres. IX saukuneSi tao-klarjeTSi (istoriuli samxreT-dasavleT
saqarTvelo, axla TurqeTSia) Camoyalibda Zlieri saxelmwifo,
romelsac saTaveSi bagrationTa samefo ojaxi edga. wm. grigol
xanZTelis TaosnobiT am mxareSi gaSlil did samonastro moZraobas
kulturis mZlavri ganviTareba mohyva. dasavleT saqarTvelo am
periodSi afxazTa samefos Seadgenda. 978 wels bagrat III orive
samefos mefe gaxda, riTac safuZvels Cauyara saqarTvelos
gaerTianebas. X saukunis II naxevarsa da XI saukunis dasawyisSi
aRiniSneba arqiteqturis, xelovnebis da mwignobrobis araCveulebrivi
aRmavloba.
adreul Sua saukuneebSi axlandeli borjomis raionis teritoriaze
ukve arsebobda Toris saerisTavo. IX saukunis SuaxanebSi aq
damkvidrda wm. grigol xanZTelis ori mowafe _ Teodore da
qristefore. maT mier ori monastris _ neZvisa da kvirikewmindis
daarsebas samonastro mSeneblobis didi talRa mohyva. IX saukunis
meore naxevarSi aigo savaneebi likanSi, CiTaxevTan (`mwvane monasteri~),
qvabisxevSi, dvirSi. X saukunisTvis am talRam taZris-sakires
seqtorsac miaRwia. am periodSia daarsebuli monastrebi sanarias
ReleSi, TviT sakireSi, taZrisis axlandel sasaflaoze da
gujrisxevSi. es ukanaskneli uSualod sanacreebis namosaxlaris
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
14
siaxloves mdebareobs. aqvea gujris cixec, romelic, rogorc Cans,
adgilobrivi mmarTvelis rezidencias warmoadgenda.
dazvervebis Sedegad sakire-taZrisis mimdebare teritoriebze
aRnusxulia adreuli Suasaukuneebis aTeulobiT namosaxlari,rac
cxadad metyvelebs mosaxleobis maRal simWidroveze.
ganviTarebuli Sua saukuneebi (XI-XV saukuneebi)
XI saukunis I naxevarSi mefeebi giorgi I da bagrat IV cdilobdnen
saqarTvelos sabolood gaerTianebas da bizantiis gavlenisgan Tavis
daRwevas. 1070-ian wlebSi qveynis ganviTarebis procesi Seaferxa Turq-
seljukTa Semosevam. magram daviT IV aRmaSeneblis mefobaSi (1089-1125)
saqarTvelo kvlav winsvlis gzaze dadga. daviTma SemoierTa kaxeTi,
romelic manamde calke samefos warmoadgenda da Tbilisi, romelic
TiTqmis 400 weli arabebs ekavaT. amiT dasrulda saqarTvelos
politikuri gaerTianeba. daviTma saqarTvelo regionis uZlieres
saxelmwifod aqcia da ramdenime brZolaSi daamarcxa Turq-seljukebi.
mis warmatebebs xeli Seuwyo jvarosanTa aqtivobamac axlo
aRmosavleTSi. saqarTvelo erTian Zlier saxelmwifod rCeboda
daviTis memkvidreebis drosac da Tavisi Zlierebis mwvervals miaRwia
Tamar mefis dros (1178-1213). Tamaris samefo moicavda TiTqmis mTel
samxreT kavkasias, xolo misi gavlena vrceldeboda CrdiloeT
kavkasiaSic da trapezuntis imperiaSic. 1235 wels saqarTvelo
monRolebma daipyres. amis Semdeg iwyeba saxelmwifo sistemis,
ekonomikisa da kulturis TandaTanobiTi degradacia. giorgi IV
brwyinvalesa (1314-1346) da aleqsandre I-is (1412-1442) calkeul
warmatebebs am procesis SeCereba ar SeeZlo. 1453 wels bizantiis
imperiis dacemis Semdeg qveyana mTlianad muslimuri saxelmwifoebiT
aRmoCnda garSemortymuli. XV saukunis II naxevarSi saqarTvelo
ramdenime samefod da samTavrod daiSala
gviani Sua saukuneebi (XVI-XVIII saukuneebi)
gviani Sua saukuneebi saqarTveloSi Rrma politikuri, ekonomikuri da
kulturuli krizisis periodia. samefo-samTavroebad daSlili qveyana
gareSe mtrebs ver umklavdeboda da xSirad xdeboda Semosevebis
msxverpli. XVI-XVIII saukuneebSi qarTli da kaxeTi ZiriTadad irans
eqvemdebareboda. dasavleT saqarTvelo osmaleTis gavlenis qveS iyo.
samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelo (samcxe-saaTabago) Toris CaTvliT
osmaleTma 1570-ian wlebSi pirdapir miierTa. 1613 wels Tori qarTls
daubrunda. erekle II-s mier qarTlisa da kaxeTis gaerTianebas da
ramdenime warmatebul oms 1795 wels iranelTa gamanadgurebeli
Semoseva mohyva.
miuxedavad imisa, rom XVII-XVIII saukuneebSi Tori qarTlis farglebSi
darCa, misi mdgomareoba gansakuTrebiT mZime iyo. qarTlis mefeebi am
ganapira mxaris dacvas ver axerxebdnen. Tori sistematurad irbeoda.
gansakuTrebiT mZime iyo axalcixeSi dabudebuli lekebis TareSi.
mosaxleoba mniSvnelovnad SeTxelda. nawili mtrebTan brZolebSi
ganadgurda, sxvebi qarTlsa da imereTs Seexiznen. XVIII saukunis
bolos borjomis xeoba mTlianad daclili iyo, mcirericxovani
mosaxleoba mxolod mTebsa da viwro xeobebSi (maT Soris taZris-
sakires midamoebSi) darCa. milsadenis 201-e km-ze, taZrisTan
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
15
gamovlenili XVII-XVIII saukuneebis nasaxlaris nawili (ramiSvili,
mindoraSvili 2005).
axali dro (XIX-XX saukuneebi)
iranelTa 1795 wlis Semosevam qveyana katastrofis piras miiyvana. amiT
isargebla ruseTis imperiam da 1801 wels qarTl-kaxeTis samefo
daipyro. 1810 wels igive bedi ewia imereTis samefos da Semdeg guriis,
samegrelosa da afxazeTis samTavroebsac. 1828 wels osmaleTTan
mogebuli omis Semdeg ruseTma miierTa Tori da samcxe-javaxeTi, xolo
1878 wels _ aWara da SavSeT-klarjeTi. ruseTis gziT saqarTveloSi
Semovida evropuli kultura da cxovrebis wesi.
XIX saukuneSi daiwyo Toris xelaxla dasaxleba. mosaxleoba
gadmovida zemo imereTidan da qvemo qarTlidan. dasaxldnen aseve
berZnebi (cixisjvarSi), osebi (bakurianSi, mitarbSi), rusebi,
ukrainelebi. 1871 wels borjomis xeoba ruseTis didi mTavris mixeil
nikolozis Zis saufliswulo mamuli gaxda.
1918 wels, ruseTis revoluciebis Semdeg saqarTvelom damoukidebloba
moipova. 1921 wels bolSevikurma ruseTma isev daipyro saqarTvelo da
sabWoTa socialistur respublikad aqcia.
1991 wels kvlav aRdga saqarTvelos damoukidebloba.
3.2 warsulSi Catarebuli kvlevis mimoxilva
BTC/SCP milsadenebis mSeneblobis dawyebamde arqeologiuri gaTxriTi
samuSaoebi sakire-taZrisis midamoebSi ar Catarebula. am teritoriaze
mxolod sadazvevrvo samuSaoebi iwarmoebda me-20 saukunis 70-80-ian
wlebSi samcxe-javaxeTis arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier, romelmac
sxvadasxva periodisa da xasiaTis Zegli gamoavlina. maTgan arc erTi
ar moxvda sanacreebis nasaxlaris erTi kilometris radiusSi.
milsadenebis mSeneblobis procesSi moxda sami Zeglis identifikacia,
romlebic Zegl IV-338 erTi kilometris radiusSi mdebareobnen. yvela
maTgani Seuswavleli da gamouqveynebelia.
adgilis
saxelwodeba
milsadenis
km
Zeglis tipi TariRi
kurtaniZeebis
miwebi, sakire
198 namosaxlari ¿?
sanaxSireebi,
taZrisi
200 namosaxlari Sua saukuneebi
gigaswyaro,
taZrisi
200 namosaxlari Sua saukuneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
16
4.0 meTodologia
4.1 savele meTodebi
pirobiTi nulovani wertili sakvlevi teritoriis gareT iqna aRebuli.
teritoria 10 m × 10 m zomis nakveTebad daiyo. nakveTebi Tavis mxriv
2 m × 2 m kvadratebad danawevrda. gegmaze 10 m × 10 m zomis nakveTebi
laTinuri anbanis didi asoTi da arabuli cifriT, mag AA/15 aRiniSna,
xolo 2 m × 2 m kvadrati laTinuri anbanis patara asoTi da arabuli
cifriT.
gaTxrebi mimdinareobda, rogorc xeliT aseve mZime teqnikis
daxmarebiT. Zeglze nayari miwisa da steriluri fenebis moxsna xeliT
moxerxda, xolo Txrilebi mZime teqnikis daxmarebiT gafarTovda.
sakvlevi teritoria horizontalurad, 0.2 m sisqis plastebis aRebiT
iTxreboda Zeglebis gamoCenamde.
ToToeuli gamovlenili Zegli dainomra, aizoma da Caixata. gakeTda
ubnis generaluri gegma da Zeglebis Wrilebi. moxda Zeglebisa da
artefaqtebis foto fiqsacia. masala aikrifa da dafiqsirda doneebis
mixedviT. mopovebuli masala savele pirobebSi SeifuTa da gaukeTda
etiketi. Tixis WurWlis usaxuri fragmentebi, romelic kvlevisaTvis
gamousadegari aRmoCnda, velze daimarxa specialurad amoTxril
ormoSi. danarCeni artefaqti wamoRebuli iqna laboratoriuli
damuSavebisaTvis.
anTopologiuri kvlevisTvis mxolod Tavis qalebi Segrovda. danarCeni
Zvlovani masala ki xelaxla iqna damarxuli milsadenebis koridors
gareT specialurad amoTxril ormoSi.
4.2 laboratoriuli meTodebi
artefaqtebi dajgufda masalisa da aRmoCenis adgilis mixedviT. Tixis
artefaqtebi funjiT gaiwminda da gairecxa marilmJavas xsnariT
gazavebul wyalSi. ris Semdegadac Catarda maTi stilisturi da
tipologiuri analizi.
yvela artefaqti dainomra, aRiwera da gatarda katalogSi, gaukeTda
etiketi da moTavsda polieTilenis parkSi.
daxarisxda cifruli fotoebi.
Catarda paleoanTropologiuri kvleva, romlis meTodebi da Sedegebi
aRwerilia darTul interdisciplinarul angariSSi.
savele da laboratoriul samuSaoebTan dakavSirebuli dokumentaciis
eleqtronuli da nabeWdi versiebi inaxeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo
muzeumis oTar lorTqifanZis arqeologiis centris sacavSi.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
17
5.0 Sedegebi
5.1 ZiriTadi monacemebis mokle mimoxilva
sakvlevi teritoria gujris cixis (sakiris cixe) samxreT-aRmosavleT
ferdobis ZirTan mdebareobda. 32 m2-is farTobze Seswavlili iqna 3.0-3.5
m sisqis kulturuli fenebi.
gaTxrebis Sedegad gamovlinda namosaxlari, elinisturi xanis ori
samarxi, adreuli Sua saukuneebis marani oTxi qvevriT da sameurneo
ormo, agreTve sxvadasxvadroindeli kedlebis naSTebi.
mopovebulia 97 artefaqti: 4 qvevri, Tixis WurWlis 81 fragmenti, 2 qvis
artefaqti (xelsafqvavis natexi da mZivi), brinjaos 2 nakeToba,
miniseburi pastis 37 cali mZivi, 2 samSeneblo detali baTqaSis saxiT.
anTropologiuri masala ori Tavis qaliT, paleozoologiuri
Zvlovani masala ki xuTi erTeuliTaa warmodgenili.
kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom Zegli aris gvianbrinjao-
adreSuasaukuneebis mravalfeniani namosaxlari da samarovani.
zeda, I kulturuli fena ganekuTvneba adreuli Sua saukuneebis
namosaxlars. masSi nulovani wertilidan 9.4-9.6 m.-is siRrmeze, E5 nakveTis b4-5, c5 da d4 kvadratebSi dadasturda oTxi qvevri. isini miwaSi
Cadgmuli yofila erT mwkrivad aRmosavleTidan dasavleTis
mimarTulebiT. amave doneze, E5c2 kvadratSi, aRmoCnda gazsadenis
mSeneblobis dros dazianebuli ormo, romelic Sevsebuli iyo qvebiTa
da miwiT. ormoSi mcire raodenobiT aRmoCnda keramikis natexebi,
ZiriTadad Savzedapiriani Tixis WurWlis fragmentebi. a3,4; b3,4,5 da c3 kvadratebSi gamovlinda usistemo qvayrilis naSTi yrilSi aRmoCnda
Tixis WurWlis fragmentebi.
I kulturul fenas mosdevs 0.8-1.0 m. sisqis steriluri qviSnari fena,
romlis qveSac dafiqsirda II kulturuli fena ori samSeneblo doniT.
II kulturuli fenis pirvel samSeneblo doneze, nulovani wertilidan
10.5 m siRrmeze, Txrilis aRmosavleT kuTxeSi gaiwminda didi qvebiT
naSeni kedlis naSTi (d2,3kvadrati), romelic Sedioda Txrilis samxreT
WrilSi. misi gaTxra da Seswavla ver moxerxda drois simciris gamo.
II kulturuli fenis samSeneblo doneebi erTimeorisagan gamoiyofa
damwvari, naxSir-nacrovani da RorRiani, 1.3m sisqis feniT. fenaSi
gvxvdeba Tixis WurWlis usaxuri natexebi da paleozoologiuri
naSTebi.
II kulturuli fenis II samSeneblo doneze nulovani wertilidan 11.8m
siRrmeze, E5 nakveTis b3; c2,3 da d2 kvadratebSi aRmoCnda kedlebis naSTi,
romelic saSualo zomis qvebis mSrali wyobiTaa naSeni. kedlebis
fragmentulobis gamo maTi daniSnuleba gaurkveveli darCa.
II done CaWrilia elinisturi xanis ori samarxiT. erT-erTi maTgani (#1
ormosmarxi) gazis milis Casadebi Txrilis gaWris dros iqna
dazianebuli. ormosmarxebi nulovani wertilidan 11.10-11.20 m. siRrmeze
mdebareobda.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
18
5.2 Zeglebi
pirvel kulturul fenaSi gaiwminda marnis naSTi oTxi qvevriT. isini
nulovani wertilidan 9.4-9.5 m. siRrmeze aRmoCnda E5 nakveTis b5; c5 da d4 kvadratebSi. qvevrebi TiTqmis erT mwkrivad yofila Calagebuli
miwaSi aRmosavleTidan dasavleTis mimarTulebiT xuTi metris
sigrZeze. qvevrebis kompaqturad erT adgilze gamovlena
gvafiqrebinebs, rom SesaZloa aq saqme gvqondes maranTan. qvevrebSi
aRmoCnda 14 Tixis WurWlis 45 sxvadasxva natexi da Sinauri cxovelis
Zvlebis xuTi fragmenti.
pirvel fenaSi, E5 nakveTis C2 kvadratSi, nulovani wertilidan 9.4-9.5 m.
siRrmeze gaiwminda sameurneo daniSnulebis ormo. ormos naxevari
CamoWrilia teqnikis mier gazsadeni milis Txrilis gaWris dros.
ormos zomebia: h=1.1 m., piris d=1.0 m., Ziris d=0.5m. ormo amovsebuli iyo
qvebiTa da miwiT, romelSic gamoirCa Tixis sami WurWlis Svidi natexi
(#8, #10, #11).
meore kulturuli fena warmodgenilia ori samSeneblo doniT.
II kulturuli fenis I doneze aRmoCnda yore-kedlis naSTi Txrilis
aRmosavleT kuTxeSi E5 nakveTis d2,3,4 kvadratebSi nulovani
wertilidan 10.5 m. siRrmeze. kedeli naSenebi yofila didi zomis
qvebiT, mSrali wyobiT. SemorCenilia wyobis sam-oTxi rigi (zomebi:
simaRle _ 0.8 m., sigane _ 0.5 m). kedelTan aRmoCnda cecxlSi
moxvedrili, damwvari (TeTri feris) sardionis sferuli mZivi (#97)
meore kulturuli fenis II doneze. Txrilis aRmosavleT kuTxeSi,
sadac aRmoCnda #1 da #2 samarxebi, SemorCenilia saSualo da mcire
zomis qvebiT nagebi kedlis mcire fragmenti _ wyobis erTi rigi
(zomebi: sigrZe _ 1.5 m., sigane _ 0.45 m). kedeli mdebareobda E5 nakveTis d2 da c2,3 kvadratebSi nulovani wertilidan 11.5 m siRrmeze.
Txrilis dasavleT monakveTSi b3 kvadratSi nulovani wertilidan 11.8
m. siRrmeze dafiqsirda meore kedlis naSTi, romelsac naxevarwriuli
forma hqonda. kedeli naSeni yofila mSrali wyobiT, didroni
daumuSavebli lodebiT. SemorCenilia qvebis wyobis ori rigi (zomebi:
sigrZe _ 0.8 m., sigane _ 0.5 m). kedlis naSTebis funqcia da daniSnuleba
gaurkveveli darCa gaTxrili farTobis simciris gamo.
Zeglze dafiqsirda ori ormosamarxi, romlebic CaWrilia meore
kulturuli fenis II samSeneblo horizontSi. orive samarxi
damxrobilia aRmosavleTidan dasavleTisken. samarxebSi
micvalebulebi xelfexmoxril mdgomareobaSi arian dakrZalulni,
erTi marjvena gverdze, meore ki zurgze. samarxeuli inventari
mxolod #2 samarxSi aris dadasturebuli. aq aRmoCnda:
1. brinjaos sayure rgolebi � 2 cali (#61, #62).
2. miniseburi pastis mZivebi � 37 cali (#63).
3. Tixis xelada (#64) (tab. IV).
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
19
5.3 artefaqtebi
nasoflar sanacreebze Catarebuli gadarCeniTi gaTxrebis dros
Zeglze (IV-338) sul mopovebulia 97 erTeuli artefaqti: qvevri _ 4,
Tixis WurWlis fragmenti _ 81, qva � ori cali (xelsafqvavis natexi da
mZivi), brinjaos nakeToba � ori erTeuli, miniseburi pastis mZivebi �
37 cali; samSeneblo detalebi baTqaSis saxiT � ori cali;
anTropologiuri masala ori Tavis qaliT, paleozoologiuri
Zvlovani masala ki xuTi erTeuliTaa warmodgenili.
Zeglze mopovebuli artefaqtebis didi nawili keramikul nawarms
warmoadgens. restavraciis Semdeg moxerxda maTi sxvadasxva tipebad
dajgufeba. artefaqtebi ganxilulia kulturuli fenebisa da doneebis
mixedviT.
II kulturuli fenis I samSeneblo done ganekuTvneba Zv. w. VI-V
saukuneebs. am fenaSi dadasturebulia Semdegi tipis Tixis nawarmi:
qoTnebi (#27, #29(2), #82) _ pir-yelis natexebis mixedviT gamoiyo oTxi
qoTani (tab. V, 82), yvela sada, moSavo-moruxo zedapiriT; aqvT dabali
yeli, gadaSlili piri da momrgvalebuli gvirgvini. damzadebulia
sameTuneo Carxze. qoTnebi aRmoCnda kulturul fenaSi. gamoiyeneboda
sayofacxovrebo saqmianobaSi. TariRdeba Zv. w. VI-V saukuneebiT.
sardionis(?) mZivi (#97) � sada, sferuli formis, cecxlSi moxvedris
gamo TeTri feri aqvs miRebuli (tab. V, 97). Ddamzadebulia xeliT,
gaxexva-gaprialebiT. aRmoCnda I samSeneblo horizontSi arsebul yore-
kedlis naSTTan A3 kvadratSi. gamoiyeneboda samkaulad. TariRdeba Zv.
w. VI-V saukuneebiT.
jamebi (#26, #28 _ ori cali, #34, #40, #41, #49) � qveda samSeneblo
doneze aRmoCenilia Svidi jamis fragmenti (tab. V, 26). jamebi erTi
meorisagan gansxvavdeba formebis mixedviT. gamoiyofa naxevarsferuli
(#28, #40), tuCiani (#26, #41) da gverdwiboiani jamebi (#49).
fragmentebi sadaa, moSavo-moyavisfro da Ria movardisfro zeda da
SidapiriT. yvela maTgani damzadebulia Carxze. jamebis fragmentebi
aRmoCnda kulturul fenaSi da #2 samarxis SevsebaSi. TariRdeba Zv. w.
VI-V saukuneebiT.
kviristavebi (#48 da #51) �AaRmoCnda ori cali (tab. V, 48). isini
damzadebulia Tixis WurWlis natexebisagan. orive sadaa, erTi
gaxvretilia SuaSi. meore namzads warmoadgens. erTi Savia, meore �
mowiTalo-movardisfro. aRmoCnda Txrilis dasavleT monakveTSi,
wriuli yore-kedlis gareT dedaqanis zedapirze. gamoiyeneboda,
rogorc sameurneo, aseve saritualo daniSnulebiT. kviristavi
aRmoCenilia Zv. w. VI-V saukuneebiT daTariRebul fenaSi. saerTod,
msgavsi kviristavebi adreul Sua saukuneebSic farTod aris
gavrcelebuli
xelsafqvavi _ misi natexi aRmoCnda wriuli kedlis SigniT.
damzadebulia bazaltis qvisgan. gamoiyeneboda sameurneo saqmianobaSi
marcvleulisa da mcenareuli Tesleulis dasafqvavad. miekuTvneba
adreantikur xanas.
II kulturuli fenis meore samSeneblo done ganekuTvneba Zv. w. III-I
saukuneebs. masSi gamovlinda:
xelada #64 _ am tipis WurWeli erTi caliTaa warmodgenili (tab. VI,
64). xasiaTdeba sada, Savi naprialebi zedapiriTa da SidapiriT. yuri
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
20
miZerwili aqvs pirze da mxarze. xelada msxliseburi formisaa,
damzadebulia Carxze. aRmoCnda #2 ormosamarxSi. TariRdeba Zv. w. III-I
saukuneebiT.
mZivebi #63 � moTeTro feris miniseburi pastisa, 37 cali,
mrgvalbrtyeli formisa (tab. VI, 63). aRmoCnda #2 samarxSi. TariRdeba
Zv. w. III-I saukuneebiT.
sayure #61 _ brinjaosi, ori cali (tab. VI, 61). Tavebgaxsnili, sada,
mrgvalganikveTiani brinjaos Rerosagan damzadebuli, aRmoCnda #2
samarxSi. TariRdeba Zv. w. III-I saukuneebiT.
I kulturuli fena ganekuTvneba ax. w. V-VII saukuneebs. masSi
dadasturda oTxi qvevri da masSi sxvadasxva tipis Tixis WurWlis
fragmentebi.
qvevrebi ##1; 2; 3; 4; _ pirvel fenaSi, romelic, savaraudod, marnis
naSTs warmoadgens, aRmoCnda oTxi qvevri (tab. VII, 2). yvela maTganis
zedapiri, mxrebidan Ziramde, Semkulia Tokiseburi, reliefuri
sartylebiT. erTs mxarze Semosdevs Tokiseburive reliefis meandri.
qvevrebi kvercxiseburi formisaa, pirebi gadaSlilia, gvirgvinebi ki �
brtyeli. zedapiri moruxo-moSavo ferisaa, Sidapiri � monacrisfro.
qvevrebi damzadebulia rkalebad aSenebis xerxiT. isini aRmoCnda
Txrilis samxreT monakveTSi aRmosavleTidan dasavleTiT erT rigad
Camwkrivebuli. gamoiyeneboda Rvinis Sesanaxad. qvevrebi ganekuTvneba ax.
w. V-VII saukuneebs.
qoTnebi (#7(3), #8, #18(2), #23, #58, #65, #71) _ pirvel kulturul
fenaSi da qvevrebis SevsebaSi napovnia 10 qoTnis fragmentebi (tab. VIII,
65). qoTnebi sada zedapiriania, yvela maTgans zedapirze etyoba
Carxiseuli koncentruli xazebi. aqvT dabali yeli, farTo da
gadaSlili piri, momrgvalebuli (iSviaTad dawaxnagebuli) gvirgvini
moruxo-moSavo zedapiri da Sidapiri. qoTnebi damzadebulia sameTuneo
Carxze. WurWlis es saxeoba, gansakuTrebiT ki mcire zomis qoTnebi,
gamoiyeneboda samzareulo saqmianobaSi. qoTnebi ganekuTvneba ax. w. V-
VII saukuneebs.
luTeria (#72) � pirvel fenaSi warmodgenilia erTi erTeuliT � pir-
gverdis fragmentiT (tab. VIII, 72). sada zedapiriania, piri Sedrekilia
Sida mxareze, gvirgvini � momrgvalebuli. damzadebulia Carxze.
luTeriis natexi aRmoCnda #3 qvevris SevsebaSi. gamoiyeneboda
sayofacxovrebo saqmianobaSi. ganekuTvneba ax. w. V-VII saukuneebs.
dergi (#10) _ am tipis WurWlis pir-yelis mxolod erTi natexia
aRmoCenili zeda, pirvel kulturul fenaSi (tab. VIII, 10). xasiaTdeba
sada zedapiriT, gadaSlili piriT, mrgvali bakoTi, mowiTalo-
movardisfro zeda da SidapiriT. damzadebulia sameTuneo Carxze.
aRmoCnda #1 ormos fskerze. dergebi gamoiyeneboda sameurneo
saqmianobaSi. ganekuTvneba ax. w V-VII saukuneebs.
jamebi (##20; 79) � ori calia aRmoCenili pir-gverdebis saxiT. erT-
erTi jamis piris gareTa kide Semkulia naWdevebiT (#20). orive
pirmoyrilia, erTi brtyelbakoiania, meores ki momrgvalebuli
gvirgvini aqvs. orive jami moyavisfro-mowiTalo zedapiriania.
damzadebulia sameTuneo Carxze. jamebi gamoiyeneboda samzareulo
saqmianobaSi. GganekuTvneba ax. w. V-VII saukuneebs.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
21
namosaxlarze SemTxveviT dadasturda Tixis WurWlis erTi natexi
(#57) (tab. V, 57). natexi yavisfrad aris gamomwvari. zedapiri Semkulia
wiwvovani ornamentiT. msgavsi Tixis WurWeli damaxasiaTebelia
gvianbrinjao-adrerkinis xanis gviani etapis masalebisaTvis. msgavsi
ornamentaciiT Semkuli masalebi aRmoCenilia borniReles samarovanze
(borjomis r-ni) da TariRdeba Zv. w. VIII-VII saukuneebiT.
6.0 interpretacia
kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom rom gvianibrinjaos xanidan
moyolebuli sanacreebis teritoriaze sistematuri cxovreba
mimdinareobda. gamovlinda gvianbrinjao-adreSuasaukuneebis
mravalfeniani namosaxlari da samarovani. Zeglis I fena (oTxi qvevri
da sameurneo ormo) ganekuTvneba adreuli Sua saukuneebis
namosaxlars. II fena ori samSeneblo donisagan Sedgeba: erTi moicavs
elinisturi xanis or samarxs, meoreSi ki dadasturda ufro adreuli
etapis namosaxlaris naSTebi, romlebic samarxebis gamarTvis Sedegad
aris dazianebuli.
rogorc Zeglis stratigrafia mowobs, elinisturi xanis samarxebi
gamarTuli unda yofiliyo ukve ganadgurebuli gvianbrinjaos xanis
namosaxlaris adgilze, xolo adreuli Sua saukuneebis fena Cndeba mas
mere, rac elinisturi xanis fenas 2,30 m sisqis steriluri fena edeba.
adreuli Sua saukuneebis nasaxlarTa iatakis qveS aRmoCnda
gvianantikuri xanis naSTebi � ormosamarxebSi xel-fexmokecili da
gverdze mwolare ConCxebi. maT Soris, qveda fenebSi, zogi nivTieri
monapovari (doqebi, dabaltaniani, calyura, Zirbrtyeli, an
kanelurebiani Savi koWobebi), gansakuTrebiT samarxeuli inventari
elinisturi xanisa Cans, umetesoba � gvianantikuri xanisaa.
aRsaniSnavia, rom sakires SemogarenSi elinisturi periodis Zeglebi
aqamde ar iyo mikvleuli. samcxe-javaxeTsa da TorSi elinisturi
Zeglebi gamovlenilia sof. tabawyurSi qciis mindvris namosaxlarze
(samarxi #1), awyurSi, borniRelesa da wnisisxevis samarovnebze.
(Гамбашидзе 1985), (kviJinaZe 1983).
sanacreebis adreuli Sua saukuneebis namosaxlari erTiani kompleqsis
periferiuli nawilia. sakirisa da taZrisis midamoebSi mravladaa
dadasturebuli adreuli Sua saukuneebis namosaxlarebi, romelnic
ZiriTadad lokalizdeba gujris (sakires) cixis mimdebare
teritoriaze. es aris tipiuri cixe-rezidencia qveynis mmarTvelisa,
romelic am erTeulis centrSi zis da yvela mimarTulebiT
akontrolebs gamaval gza-bilikebs. cixeSive dgas adreuli Sua
saukuneebis brtyelsaakurTxevliani eklesia (berZeniSvili 2005),
(berZeniSvili 1964). cixis irgvliv Semokrebilia adrefeodaluri xanis
nasoflarTa didi jgufi.
rogorc Cans, sanacreebis namosaxlari am erTiani sistemis nawili
unda iyos, rasac adasturebs am periodisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli
keramikuli masalebis mravlad aRmoCena. Tixatkepnil iatakSi Cadgmuli
didroni qvevrebi irgvlivi rkalebiT anu naTiTurWdeuli wiboebiT
aris Semkuli. WurWelTa forma da gamowvis wesi adreuli Sua
saukuneebis teqnologiaze miuTiTebs. qvevrebis da dergebis umetesoba
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
22
uyeloa, Tumca brtyeli bako gadaweulia, rac maT adreulobas
mowmobs.
adreuli Sua saukuneebis Zeglebi ZiriTadad aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
teritoriazea gamovlenili da Seswavlili. maT Soris gamoirCeva
urbnisi (WilaSvili 1964), Jinvali (CixlaZe 1999), ujarma (musxeliSvili
1966), rusTavi (WilaSvili 1958). Toris ZeglTagan amave periods
ganekuTvneba kuruxeTis nasoflari sof. WobisxevSi, gogiCaanT-Rele,
mandias namosaxlari sof. CiTaxevTan, CiTaxevis nasoflari da sxva.
sagangebod aris aRsaniSnavi navenaxaris namosaxlari sof. kldeSi. Tu
gaviTvaliswinebT sanacreebisa da navenaxaris namosaxlarebis adreuli
Sua saukuneebis masalebis identurobas, unda davaskvnaT, rom es
Zeglebi erTmaneTis Tanadroulia. ganviTarebul Sua saukuneebSi sakire mimdebare soflebTan erTad,
kiris gamowvis mniSvnelovani centri Cans, ramac gansazRvra kidec
adgilis saxelwodeba. am saqmianobas soflis mosaxleoba, Cans,
saukuneTa manZilze misdevda, radgan irgvliv mravali sakirea. rogorc
saarqivo masalebi mowmobs, aq sanaxSireebic iyo. safiqrelia, rom am
dargebis ganviTareba TorSi didad gamosadegi iyo mezobeli
regionebisTvisac: javaxeTs, samcxesa da, egeb, Sida qarTlsac kirsa da
naxSirs Tori awvdida. sofel sakireSi bolo dromde imden kirs
wvavdnen, rom axalcixesac amaragebdnen.
7.0 daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi
arqeologiuri gaTxrebis Sedegad dadginda, rom sanacreebis
namosaxlaris qveda fenebi win uswrebs istoriul wyaroebSi
dadasturebul Toris qveynis Camoyalibebis periods. aSkaraa, rom
brinjaos xanidan moyolebuli sakire da misi mimdebare teritoria
mniSvnelovan rols asrulebda am mxaris struqturis CamoyalibebaSi,
rac mogvianebiT Toreleb-samZvarTa sarezidencio centrad gardaqmniT
damTavrda.
sanacreebis namosaxlari gujris cixis periferiuli nawilia, amdenad
Zalzed mniSvnelovani iqneba imis garkveva � TviT gujriscixis
teritoriaze fiqsirdeba Tu ara gvianbrinjaosa da elinisturi xanis
Zeglebi da ra funqcias asrulebda es teritoria im periodSi.
8.0 bibliografia
wyaroebi
1. aTonis iveriis monastris 1074 wlis xelnaweri aRapebiT, 1901, Tb.,
gv. 285-286
2. basili ezosmoZRuari, 1959, cxovreba mefeT-mefisa Tamarisi, q. c.,
II, Tb., gv. 115, 129, 143, 150
3. batoniSvili vaxuSti, 1973, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa:
aRwera awindelisa qarTlisa � sadgeris xeoba, q. c., IV-, Tb., gv.
346-382. misive, cxoreba da qmnuleba mefeTa qarTlisaiTa, iqve, gv.
440
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
23
4. beri egnataSvili, 1959, axali qarTlis cxovreba, pirveli teqsti,
q. c., II, Tb., gv. 349
5. �gurjistanis vilaieTis didi davTari�, 1958, s. jiqias gamoc., III,
Tb. gv. 127-131, 152, 239, 459, 539
6. �istoriani da azmani SaravandeTTani�, 1959, q. c., II, Tb., gv. 16, 13,
19, 65, 114, 170
7. leonti mroveli, 1955, cxovreba qarTuelTa mefeTasa da
pirvelTaganTa mamaTa da naTesavTa: cxovreba farnavazisi; q. c.,
I, Tb., gv. 9-10, 24
8. �matiane qarTlisaÁ�, 1955, q. c., I, Tb., gv. 306
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11. strabonis �geografia�, 1957, T. yauxCiSvilis gamoc., Tb., gv. 125-127
12. �Cildiris vilaÁeTis jaba davTari�, 1979, c. abulaZisa da m.
svaniZis gamoc., Tb., gv. 81
13. Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, 1964, I, Tb.,
gv. 279
14. juanSeri, 1955, cxovreba vaxtang gorgasalisa, q. c., I, Tb., gv. 203-
205
15. qronikebi, 1892, T. Jordanias gamoc., I, Tb., gv. 207
16. Грамоты и др. ист. документы � под. ред. А. А. Цагарели; вып. I, Спб, стр. 27-30 saenciklopedio statiebi
17. st.: �borjomi�, 1977, avt. g. uSveriZe, n. cercvaZe, e. bagrationi,
qse, 2, Tb., gv. 478
st.: �borjomis raioni�, iqve, gv. 479-480, avt. k. mamisaSvili, J.
zonenaSvili, iqve
st.: �borjomis xeoba�, avt. q. jayeli, v. abulaZe, iqve, gv. 480
18. st.: �Torelebi�, 1979, avt. n. SoSiaSvili, qse, 4, Tb., gv. 693-694;
st.: �Tori�, avt. d. berZeniSvili, iqve, gv. 694
19. st.: �sakire�, 1984, qse, 8, Tb., gv. 674
20. st.: �taZrisi�, 1985, qse, 9, Tb., gv. 671
monografia/statiebi
21. beriZe v., 1970, samcxis xuroTmoZRvruli Zeglebi, Tb.
22. berZeniSvili d., 1985, narkvevebi saqarTvelos istoriuli
geografiidan, - Tori, Tb., gv. 7-69: �sakire� � gv. 8, 12, 24-26, 43, 57,
60; �taZrisi� � gv. 15, 17, 25-26, 40-43
23. berZeniSvili d., 2005, narkvevebi, Tb.,
24. berZeniSvili n., 1964, borjomis xeoba (dRiuri, 1947), saq. ist.
sakiTxebi, I, Tb., gv. 69, 207-271: �sakire� � gv. 214, 217, 249, 252, 254-
256, 260; �taZrisi� �gv. 223, 256, 262
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
24
25. doliZe is. � qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, I, Tb., 1963; III, Tb.,
1970, gv. 244
26. zaqaraia p., 1988, saqarTvelos Zveli cixe-simagreebi, Tb.,
27. lomTaTiZe g., 1973, �nadarbazevi�, saq. ist. narkvevebi, II, Tb., gv. 57
28. Kk. kviJinaZe, 1983, `wnisisxevis adreantikuri xanis samarovani �,
`Zeglis megobari� #63 Tbilisi w.
29. liCeli v., 1999, samcxis warmarTuli qalaqebi (sosangeTi=awyuri);
qalaqebi da saqalaqo cxovreba Zvel saqarTveloSi, I samecniero
konferencia, moxsenebaTa mokle Sinaarsebi, Tb., gv. 12-14
30. makalaTia s., 1957, borjomis xeoba, istoriul-eTnografiuli
narkvevebi, Tb.,
31. mefisaSvili r., 1963, grigol xanZTelis mowafeebis saaRmSeneblo
moRvaweoba qarTlSi, saq. ssr mecn. akademiis sazogadoebriv
mecnierebaTa ganyofilebis �moambe�, Tb., IV, gv. 237-240
32. musxeliSvili d., 1966, cixe-qalaqi ujarma, Tb.
33. musxeliSvili l. 1941, arqeologiuri eqskursiebi, Tb., gv. 60-71
34. RambaSiZe ir., 1999� samcxe Zv. w. II aTaswleulis SuaxanebSi
(borjomis xeobis arqeologiuri masalebis mixedviT) �
sadisertacio anSromi, Tb.
35. RambaSiZe o., 1968, gvianbrinjaos xanis meurneobis sakiTxisaTvis
borjomis xeobaSi, muS. gegma da moxsenebaTa Tezisebi, Tb.,
36. RambaSiZe o., 1975� rvelis samarovani, Jurn. �Zeglis megobari�,
#39, Tb.
37. RambaSiZe o., tatiSvili T., 1982, masalebi Toris winafeodaluri
xanis istoriuli geografiisTvis; saqarTvelos istoriuli
geografiis krebuli, t. VI, Tb.
38. RambaSiZe o., RambaSiZe ir., 1987, axali arqeologiuri masalebi
samcxe-javaxeTidan, Jurn. �Zeglis megobari�, #4, Tb.
39. yifSiZe n.. 1954, borjomis xeoba, Tb.
40. SoSiaSvili n., 1966, TorelTa feodaluri saxlis istoria da
SoTa rusTaveli; kr.: SoTa rusTaveli, Tb.
41. Citaia g., 1926, glexis saxli qvablianis xeobaSi, �mimomxilveli�,
I
42. Ciqovani T., 1967, amierkavkasiis xalxur sacxovrebel nagebobaTa
istoriidan, Tb.
43. CixlaZe v., 1999, aragvis xeoba ax. w. I aTaswleulis pirvel
naxevarSi (Jinvalis samarovnis masalebis mixedviT), sakandidato
disertacia, Tb.
44. WilaSvili l., 1958, qalaqi rusTavi, Tb.,
45. WilaSvili l., 1964, naqalaqari urbnisi, Tb.
46. WilaSvili l., 1968, qalaqebi feodalur saqarTveloSi, I-II, Tb.,
1970
47. xujaZe g., 1969, borjomis xeoba, Tb.
48. Беридзе В., 1967, Архитектура Грузии, Тб.
49. Мелитаури К., 1972, Крепости феодальной и раннефеодальной Грузии, II 50. Сумбадзе Л. З., 1960, Грузинские «Дарбази», Тб., Его же, 1964, «Дарбази»,
древнейший тип Грузинского народного жилища и его место в истории
архитектуры, Тб.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
25
51. Чихладзе С. С., 1961� Минеральные воды; кн.: Природные ресурсы Грузии, т.
3, М.
savele arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis angariSebi [ПАИ в Грузии]
52. RambaSiZe ir., gogoWuri g., 2004, kodianis yorRani; borjomis
raionis arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier 2004 wlis gaTxrebis
angariSi, Tb., gv. 27-38
53. RambaSiZe ir., mindiaSvili g., gogoWuri g., liCeli v. � ix.: samcxe-
javaxeTsa da TorSi (borjomis raioni) = 2002-2005 wlebSi
Catarebuli savele-arqeologiuri samuSaoebis ZiriTadi Sedegebi
(gamoqveynda arqeologiuri kvlevis centris specialur
krebulSi)
54. Гамбашидзе О. С. � в соавторстве с Артилаква В., Квижинадзе К. Д.; Насидзе Г.
и Гамбашидзе И. О. -см.: Итоги всех работ Месхет-Джавахетской
археологической экспедиции � опубликованных в ПАИ в 1972-1992 годах 55. Квижинадзе К. Д. � Итоги работ Цнисисхевского отряда Месхет-Джавахетской
экспедиции, ПАИ в 1983 году, стр. 27-29 56. Насидзе Г. М. � Отчëт о работе Тор-Ликанской экспедиции, ПАИ в 1988 году,
стр. 89-91 57. И.О.Гамбашидзе, 1987, �Месхет − Джавахетской Экспедиция в 1984 году�,
ПАИ в 1984-1985 гг. Тбилиси 58. О.С.Гамбашидзе, К. Квижинадзе , И.О.Гамбашидзе, 1991, �Онвные результаты
Месхет − Джавахетской Экспедиции в 1985-1986гг � - ПАИ в 1986 г. - Тбилиси 59. О.С.Гамбашидзе, К. Квижинадзе, 1981, �Работы Месхет−Джавахетской
Экспедиций � � ПАИ в 1978 г.- Тбилиси 60. О.С.Гамбашидзе, К. Квижинадзе О. Ткешелашвили, В. Личели, 1984,
�Месхет−Джавахетской Экспедиця � � ПАИ в 1981 г. Тбилиси;
О.С.Гамбашидзе, К. Квижинадзе, М.Абрамишвили, 1985, �Отчёт работ Месхет
− Джавахетской Экспедиции� - ПАИ в 1982 г. Тбилиси 61. К.Д Квижинадзе, 1986, �Работы Цнисисвского отряда Месхет − Джавахетской
Экспедиции�, ПАИ в 1983 г. Тбилиси 62. К.Д Квижинадзе, 1987, �Работы Цнисисвского отряда Месхет − Джавахетской
Экспедиции� -- ПАИ в 1984-1985 гг. Тбилиси
Aartefaqtebis nusxa
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
26
artefaqtis nomeri
aRmoCenis adgili
siRrme
Mmas
ala
funqci
a
Fsa
xe
ob
a
segme
nti
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(fer
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(for
ma)
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(zedap
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damuS
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dekor
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Qraodenoba
k
o
m
e
n
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a
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Ri
1 namosa
xlari
E5 b4,5
-9.4 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
pir-
yeli,
gverdi,
Ziri
morux
o-
moSav
od
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
, Ziri
mrgva
li
da
brtye
li
Tokiseb
uri
ornamen
tiT da
rkalebi
T
Semkuli
24 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
2 E5 c5 -9.4 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
pir-
yeli,
gverdi,
Ziri
moSav
o-
mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
piri
gadmo
kecil
i,
gverd
i
gamob
eril
i
Tokiseb
uri
ornamen
tiT
Semkuli
225 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
3 E5 d3 -9.4 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
pir-
yeli,
gverdi,
Ziri
morux
o-
Savad
gamom
wvari
piri
gadmo
kecil
i,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i,
Ziri
brtye
li
Tokiseb
uri
ornamen
tiT da
rkalebi
T
Semkuli
160 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
4 E5 c5 -9.4 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
gverdi,
Ziri
morux
o-
Savad
gamom
wvari
muce
li
gamob
eril
i,
Ziri
brtye
li
Tokiseb
uri
ornamen
tiT da
rkalebi
T
Semkuli
160 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
5 namosa
xlari
E5 c5
-9.4 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
gverdi mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
Tokiseb
uri
ornamen
tiT
Semkuli
36 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
6 namosa
xlari
E5 c5
-9.4 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
Wur
Wel
i
piri,
gverdi,
Ziri
Savad,
moyavi
sfro
d
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
, Ziri
brtye
li
sada 20 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
7 namosa
xlari,
qvayri
li
E5 b5
-9.4 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
qoT
ani
piri,
yuri,
gverdi,
Ziri
Sava-
lega
d
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
, Ziri
brtye
li
sada 19 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
8 namosa
xlari,
ormo
E5 c5
-9.4 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
Tokiseb
uri
ornamen
tiT
Semkuli
5 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
27
9 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 c2
-9.4 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi Sava-
lega
d
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 6 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
10 ormos
fskeri
E5 c2
-9.4 kera
mika
sameurne
o
der
gi
pir-
yeli
moCal
isfr
od
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
yeli
Sezne
qili
sada 1 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
11 ormos
fskeri
E5 c2
-9.4 kera
mika
sufris Wur
Wel
i
gverdi
mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
12 #2 da
4
qvevreb
Tan
E5 c5
-9.4 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
Wur
Wel
i
yeli,
Zir-
gverdi
morix
o-
Savad
gamom
wvari
yeli
Sezne
qili,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 16 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
13 namosa
xlari
#2 da
4
qvevreb
Tan
E5 c5
-9.5 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi moyavi
sfro-
lega
d
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
14 namosa
xlari
# 4
qvevrT
an
E5 c5
-9.5 kera
mika
sufris Wur
Wel
i
gverdi moCal
isfr
od
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 4 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
15 namosa
xlari
#2 da
4
qvevreb
Tan
E5 c5
-9.5 kera
mika
sufris Wur
Wel
i
yurebi moCal
isfr
od
gamom
wvari
mrgva
lgani
vkveT
iani
sada 2 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
16 namosa
xlari
#1
qvevrT
an
E5 b4-5
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi
mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
dabali
wiboTi
1 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
17 #1
qvevrT
an
E5
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
yuri,
Zir-
gverdi
moCal
isfr
od
gamom
wvari
Ziri
brtye
li,
gverd
i
gamob
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i
sada 2 adre
Suasauk
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18 #1
qvevrT
an
E5 b4-5
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mika
samzareu
lo
qoT
ani
piri,
gverdi,
Ziri
morux
o-
Savad
gamom
wvari
piri
swori
, Ziri
mrgva
li
da
brtye
li
sada 23 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
19 #1
qvevrT
an
E5 b4-5
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mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
pir-
yeli,
gverdi
Savad
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
yeli
Sezne
qili
sada 9 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
28
20 #4
qvevris
aRmosa
vleTi
E5 b4-5
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
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piri,
yuri,
Zir-
gverdi
moyavi
sfro,
wriu
li
gamow
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piri
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, yuri
oval
urgan
ivkve
Tiani
sada 7 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
21 #1
qvevris
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mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
piri,
yeli,
gverdi
Savad
gamom
wvari
samtu
Ca
sada 15 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
23 #1
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
E5 b4-5
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mika
samzareu
lo
qoT
ani
pir-
yeli,
gverdi
moyavi
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Savad
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
yeli
Sezne
qili,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 25 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
24 wriul
i
wyobis
SigniT,
iataka
ze
E5 b3
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mika
saritua
lo
gor
go
laW
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mrgva
li
sada 1 adre
Suasauk
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25 ??
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donis
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disas
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mika
sameurne
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Wur
Wel
i
gverdi cecx
lSi
moxve
dril
i,
widad
qceu
li
gaurk
vevel
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2 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
26 wriul
i
wyobis
qveS
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mika
samzareu
lo
jam
i
piri,
yuri,
gverdi
moyavi
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lega
d
gamom
wvari,
tuCia
ni
piri
gadaS
lili
,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 7 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
27 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
qoT
ani
piri,
yuri,
gverdi
Savad
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 9 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
28 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
jam
i
piri,
gverdi
morux
o-
Savad
gamom
wvari,
pirmo
yril
i
pirmo
yril
i
sada 25 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
29 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
qoT
ani
piri,
gverdi
monac
risf
ro-
Savad
gamom
wvari
pirmo
yril
i
sada 12 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
29
30 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
Wur
Wel
i
piri,
yuri,
Ziri
moyavi
sfro
d
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
, Ziri
brtye
li
sada 14 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
31 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
pir-
gverdi
Savi
zedap
iriT,
yavis
feri
Sidap
iriT
piri
gadaS
lili
sada 2 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
32 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi mowiT
alo-
Calis
feri
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 15 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
33 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
gaurkveve
li
dis
ko
mTeli mrgva
li
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
34 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
jam
i
piri,
gverdi
lega
d
gamom
wvari
forma
ar
dgind
eba
sada 2 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
35 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b3
-10.5 kera
mika
samSeneb
lo
fi
la
fragme
nti
mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
36 wriul
i
wyobis
SigniT
E5 b3
-11.8 baza
lti
sameurne
o
xel
saf
qvav
i
nacri
sferi
2 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
37 wriul
i
wyobis
SigniT
E5 b3
-11.8 Tixa samSeneb
lo
baT
qaS
i
fragme
nti
mowiT
alo-
Calis
feri
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
39 #1
samarx
is
gawmen
disas
E5 c2
-11.1 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
Wur
Wel
i
yuri,
gverdi
Savad
gamom
wvari
sada 18 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
40 #1
samarx
is
gawmen
disas
E5 c2
-11.1 kera
mika
sufris,
sameurne
o
jam
i
piri,
Ziri,
gverdi
mowiT
alod
Calis
frad
gamom
wvari
sada 14 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
41 wriul
i
wyobis
gareT
E5 b4
-11.8 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
jam
i
pir-
gverdi
moCal
isfr
o-
lega
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
42 wriul
i
wyobas
Tan
E5 b4
-11.8 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi moyavi
sfro-
Calis
feri
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 4 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
43 wriul
i
wyobas
Tan
E5 b4
-11.8 kera
mika
sufris Wur
Wel
i
gverdi Calis
feri
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 2 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
44 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b4
-11.5 kera
mika
sufris Wur
Wel
i
yuri Calis
feri
mrgva
lgani
vkveT
iani
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
30
45 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b4
-11.5 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
doq
i
piri,
gverdi
Sav-
lega
d
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 6 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
46 kultu
ruli
fena
E5 b4
-11.5 Tixa samSeneb
lo
baT
qaS
i
natexe
bi
mowiT
alo-
Calis
feri
sada 5 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
48 wriul
i
wyobis
gareT,
dedaqa
nis
Tavze
E5 a4 b4
-11.5 kera
mika
saritua
lo
gor
go
laW
i
1.naxeva
ri
2.mTel
i
mowiT
alo
sada 2 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
49 wriul
i
wyobis
SigniT
E5 b3
-11.5 kera
mika
samzareu
lo,
sufris
jam
i
piri,
Ziri,
gverdi
Savad
gamom
wvari
piri
swori
, Ziri
brtye
li,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 10 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
50 wriul
i
wyobis
SigniT
E5 b3
-11.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi mowiT
alo-
Calis
feri
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 5 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
51 momwva
r
zedapi
rze
E5 b4
-11.2 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi Savad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 3 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
52 wriul
i
wyobis
SigniT
E5 b3
-11.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi Savad,
yavis
frad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 3 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
53 #1
samarx
is qveS
qvayri
lidan
E5 c2
-11.8 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
Wur
Wel
i
yuri,
Ziri,
gverdi
Savad
gamom
wvari
Ziri
brtye
li,
yuri
oval
urgan
ivkve
Tiani
sada 20 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
54 kultu
ruli
fenida
n
E5 c2
-11.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 6 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
55 kultu
ruli
fenida
n
E5 c2
-11.5 kera
mika
samSeneb
lo
fi
la
(?)
fragme
nti
mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
brtye
li
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
57 kultu
ruli
fenida
n,
gadana
yarida
n
kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi Savad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
wiwviseb
uri
ornamen
ti
1 daudgen
eli
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
31
58 #2
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
E5 c2
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qoT
ani
piri,
gverdi
Savad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 7 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
59 #2
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
E5 c2
-9.5 Zval
i
sayofacx
ovrebo
cxo
vel
is
koWi TavTan
gaxvret
ili
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
60 #2
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
E5 c2
-9.5 kera
mika
samzareu
lo
Wur
Wel
i
yuri Savad
gamom
wvari
mrgva
lgani
vkveT
iani
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
61 samarx
i #2
E5 c2
-11.2 brin
jao
samkauli say
ure
1.srul
i
2.orad
gatexi
li
marti
vi
rgol
i,
koro
zireb
uli
wriu
li
2 romaul
i
62 samarx
i #2
E5 c2
-11.2 brin
jao
samkauli sak
idi
(?)
fragme
ntebi
koro
zireb
uli
mrgva
lRer
oiani
2 romaul
i
63 samarx
i #2
E5 c2
-11.2 minis
ebur
i
past
a
samkauli mZiv
ebi
sruli,
fragme
ntebi
rgol
isebu
ri
mrgva
lbrt
yeli
37 romaul
i
64 samarx
i #2
E5 c2
-11.2 kera
mika
saritua
lo/sufr
is
xel
ada
sruli Sav-
lega
d
gamom
wvari
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
65 namosa
xlari,
kultu
ruli
fena
zed
api
ru
li
masa
la
kera
mika
sameurne
o
qoT
ani
pir-
yel-
gverdi
morux
o-
moSav
od
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
66 namosa
xlari,
kultu
ruli
fena
zed
api
ru
li
masa
la
kera
mika
sayofacx
ovrebo
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi Ria
mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 romaul
i
67 namosa
xlari,
kultu
ruli
fena
zed
api
ru
li
masa
la
kera
mika
sayofacx
ovrebo
Wur
Wel
i
qusli Savad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 adre
Suasauk
uneebi
68 namosa
xlari,
kultu
ruli
fena
zed
api
ru
li
masa
la
kera
mika
sayofacx
ovrebo
Wur
Wel
i
Zir-
gverdi
Calis
frad
gamom
wvari,
wmind
a
keci
Ziri
brtye
li
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
69 namosa
xlari,
kultu
ruli
fena
zed
api
ru
li
masa
la
kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi mowiT
alod
da
nacri
sfra
d
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 6 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
32
70 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
kedeli Ria
Calis
frad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
horizo
ntalur
i
relief
uri
xaziT
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
71 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qoT
ani
pir-
yeli
moSav
o-
moyavi
sfro
d
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
yeli
Cazneq
ili
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
72 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
lu
Ter
ia
pir-
gverdi
moSav
o-
monac
risf
rod
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i,
defo
rmire
buli
piri
1 c
e
c
x
l
i
s
k
v
a
l
i
romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
73 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qoT
ani
gverdi moSav
o-
monac
risf
rod
gamom
wvari,
Txel
kecia
ni
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 c
e
c
x
l
i
s
k
v
a
l
i
romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
74 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qoT
ani
gverdi yavis
frad
gamom
wvari,
Txel
kecia
ni
gaurk
vevel
i
Sidapir
ze
Carxis
kvali
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
75 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qoT
ani
gverdi mowiT
alod
gamom
wvari,
Txel
kedl
iani,
uxeSi
zedap
iriT
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
76 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
Ziri,
gverdi
Ria
Calis
frad
gamom
wvari,
Txel
kecia
ni,
gluv
zedap
irian
i
Ziri
brtye
li,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 2 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
77 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
kedli Ria
Calis
frad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
dawnul
i
ornamen
tiT
Semkuli
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
33
78 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
yur-
kedli
moyavi
sfro
d
gamom
wvari
yuri
oval
urgan
ivkve
Tiani,
kedl
is
ZirTa
n
motex
ili
yuriT
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
79 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
piri mowiT
alo-
moyavi
sfro
d
gamom
wvari
piri
gadaS
lili
,
swori
,
Tanab
rad
zomie
ri
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
80 namosa
xlari,
#3
qvevris
Sevsebi
dan
-9.5 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi moSav
o-
monac
risf
rod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
usaxo 24 g
a
d
a
i
r
C
a
romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
81 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.6 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
yur-
gverdi
moSav
o-
monac
risf
rod
gamom
wvari
yuri
mrgva
lgani
vkveT
iani,
morka
luli
,
nawil
obriv
SerCe
nilia
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
82 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.6 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
pir-
gverdi
yavis
frad
gamom
wvari
piri
swori
,
gareT
gadaS
lili
,
muce
li
gamob
eril
i
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
83 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.6 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
piri Calis
frad
gamom
wvari,
odnav
napri
alebi
zedap
iri,
swori
piri
horiz
onta
luri,
gadaS
lili
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
84 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.7 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
Zir-
gverdi
moSav
o-
monac
risf
rod
gamom
wvari
Ziri
mrgva
li
da
brtye
li
viwro
odnav
SesamCne
vi
xazebi
zedapir
ze
1 c
e
c
x
l
i
s
k
v
a
romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
34
l
i
85 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.7 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
Zir-
gverdi
moSav
o-
monac
risf
rod
gamom
wvari,
Txel
kecia
ni
Ziri
mrgva
li
da
brtye
li
sada,
Sidapir
ze
cecxli
s kvali
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
86 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.7 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
kedli yavis
frad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
zedapir
ze
nakawri
ornamen
ti,
Sidapir
ze
cecxli
s kvali
1 C
a
s
a
x
a
t
i
a
romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
87 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.7 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
kedli Savad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
Sidapir
ze
Carxis
kvali
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
88 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.7 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
kedeli yavis
frad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
zedapir
ze
wvrili
xazebiT
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
89 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.8 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi moSav
o-
monac
risf
rod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
1
fragmen
ti
nakawri
ornamen
tiT
3 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
90 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.8 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi yavis
frad
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
zedapir
ze
wvrili
xazebiT
1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
91 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.8 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
gverdi nacri
sfra
d
gamom
wvari,
sqelk
ecian
i
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
92 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.8 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
fragme
nti
moSav
o-
moyavi
sfro
d
gamom
wvari,
sakma
od
sqelk
ecian
i
gaurk
vevel
i
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
35
93 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.8 kera
mika
sameurne
o
Wur
Wel
i
pir-
kedeli
Savad,
Calis
frad,
nacri
sfra
d
gamom
wvari
piri
swori
sada 12 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
94 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.7 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
piri nacri
sfra
d
gamom
wvari
piri
gadmo
kecil
i,
zevid
an
gabrt
yeleb
uli
sada 1 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
95 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.7 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
fragme
ntebi
moSav
o-
monac
risf
rod
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
yelTan,
mxrebze
Semouyv
eba
naWdevi
ornamen
ti
73 romaul
i, adre
Suasauk
uneebi
96 namosa
xlari,
damwva
ri
fenis
gawmen
disas
-11.7 kera
mika
sameurne
o
qvev
ri
kedeli moSav
o-
moyavi
sfro
d
gamom
wvari
gaurk
vevel
i
zedapir
i
wvrili
xazebiT
Semkuli
, zemoT
naWdevi
ornamen
tiT
2 winarwe
klasiku
ri
97 namosa
xlari,
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horiz
onti,
yore-
kedli
s
naSTTa
n
-10.5 qva samkauli mZiv
i
sruli TeTr
i
mrgva
li
sada 1 d
a
m
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danarTi
anTropologiuri kvlevis angariSi
nana kilaZe
sakiris samarovnze mopovebuli 2 individis Zvlovani masala, kerZod
Tavis qalis Zvlebi, kvlevisaTvis gadaeca istoriisa da eTnologiis
institutis anTropologiis ganyofilebas. individebi ormosamarxSi,
xel-fex mokecil mdgomareobaSi, marcxena gverdze dasvenebulebi
aRmoCndnen.
anTropologiuri masala Semdegnairad damuSavda: Zvlebi gaiwminda,
gairecxa, Sewebda specialuri weboTi (sanTeliTa da kanifoliT)
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
36
spirtquris alze gacxelebiT. Semdeg moxda anTropo-morfologiuri
niSnebis Seswavla. restavrirebuli Tavis qalebi daculia
ganyofilebis sacavSi, saWiro temperaturis dacviT.
samarxi #1 - individi mamakaci ♂ 55�60 wlis (tabula IX, 1).
samarxi #2 - individis poza odnav gansxvavebuli iyo. torsi
gaSotili, zeda kidurebis mtevnebi ki Tavis qalasTan mdebareobda.
individi dedakaci ♀ 30-35 wlis (tabula IX, 2)
orive Tavis qala mezokranulia.
Zvlovani masalis simciris gamo ver ganisazRvra iseTi mniSvnelovani
monacemebi, rogoric aris daavadeba, kvebis racioni, travma da
demografiuli maCvenebeli.
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
37
tabulebi
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
38
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
39
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
40
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
41
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
42
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
43
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
44
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
45
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
46
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
47
Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi
48