brad johnson thesis presentation barriers to certification for leed registered projects
Post on 20-Dec-2015
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TRANSCRIPT
Brad JohnsonTHESIS PRESENTATION
BARRIERS TO CERTIFICATION FOR LEED REGISTERED PROJECTS
INTRODUCTION
What is Green Building Why is it needed
Resource consumption Energy consumption Economics
Green Building/Sustainability
Optimize Site Potential Minimize Energy Consumption Protect and Conserve Water Use Environmentally Preferable Products Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality Optimize Operational and Maintenance
PracticesWhole Building Design Guide
Why is it needed
Resource Consumption Of the raw materials used, an estimated 40%
are used by buildings In the U.S., in 1996, an estimated 136 million
tons of construction and demolition waste was generated
Why is it needed
Energy Consumption Buildings account for 65.2% of total U.S.
electricity consumption Buildings use greater than 36% of total U.S.
primary energy use
Why is it needed
Economics Reduced energy costs Increased productivity
The United States Green Building Council (USGBC) Formed in 1993 The nation’s foremost coalition of leaders
from across the building industry working to promote buildings that are: environmentally responsible profitable healthy places to live and work
Developed the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system
LEED
A “definitive standard” for what constitutes a green building (Rocky Mountain Institute, 2002).
A point system where points are given in six different categories
Differing levels of certification Projects are registered and certified through a
process of documenting the points earned in each category
THE PROBLEM
Current building practices Green building practices are part of the
solution LEED, a “definitive standard” Several projects are registered but not
certified Why are they not becoming certified? Little research has been done
LIMITATIONS
Projects registered before January 1, 2002 Only early LEED projects are included
LEED was new for these projects Lessons learned
Limited to the accuracy of statements and opinions of respondents
No inference can be made to the population
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What are the motivations for LEED registered projects to become registered and eventually certified?
2. What are some of the encountered barriers for LEED registered projects to become certified?
3. What are some of the observed differences between registered buildings that receive certification and those that do not?
METHODOLOGY
The Population LEED contact persons for projects that were
registered before January 1st 2002
METHODOLOGY
Procedures Identify projects and contact persons Develop the survey Pilot the survey Approval from CSU Human Research
Committee Send survey to the population Analyze the data
Treatment of Data
Multiple choice and Likert scale questions were placed into SPSS
Open ended questions were coded Respondents were divided into two groups to
answer research question three.
RESULTS: Characteristics of Respondents and Projects
Thirty one respondents were LEED accredited professionals and 12 were not
Twenty of the 43 projects were LEED certified Of the 23 non certified projects 14 indicated
that certification was still a goal The owner and architect were the
organizations initiating LEED certification (26 and 15 respectively)
RESULTS: Characteristics of Respondents and Projects
Type of organization that the respondents worked in
11
6
6
9
20
Engineer
GeneralContractor
Other
Green buildingConsultant
Owner
Architect
RESULTS: Characteristics of Respondents and Projects
Respondent Documentation Responsiblility
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Responsible Participated Not Involved
Involvement
Resp
on
den
ts
RESULTS: Characteristics of Respondents and Projects
Size of Projects
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Smaller than75,000 sf
75,000 to 300,00sf
Larger than300,000 sf
Project size
Nu
mb
er o
f p
roje
cts
RESULTS: Characteristics of Respondents and Projects
Time in days Frequency Time in days Frequency
0 2 303 1
47 1 317 1
116 1 334 1
120 1 365 1
127 1 397 1
137 1 594 1
183 1 624 1
192 1 795 1
236 1 852 1
259 1 Not Certified 20
Time in days from completion to certificationAverage = 300 days
RESULTS: Characteristics of Respondents and Projects
End use for projects
Government
Medical
Mixed use
Other
Manufacturing
Office space
Retail
Education
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Count
RESULTS: QUESTION 1- Reasons for certification
Open ended question
Reason FrequencyEnvironmental stewardship / fits the values of the company 19Owner Driven 16To set a standard or example 6Save money through life cycle costs 5Validate achievement through third party review 4To have a good image 3
RESULTS: QUESTION 1- Reasons for certification
Likert scale question (scale from 0 to 5)
Reason MeanStandard deviation
Environmental stewardship 4.33 0.89To keep green building a project priority 3.88 1.19Validate achievement through third party review 3.21 1.26Competitive advantage 2.52 1.47Required by government 1.59 1.94State and local government incentives 1.45 1.49Profit opportunities 1.36 1.17
RESULTS: QUESTION 2- Barriers to Certification
Likert scale question (scale from 0 to 4)
Barrier MeanStandard deviation
Cost of documentation/other indirect cost 2.33 1.183Team members lack of experience w/ LEED cert. 2.17 1.243Cost of green building practices or design 2.05 1.168Direct cost of certification 1.88 1.152Owner unable to recover up front cost 1.53 1.358Communication/misunderstanding with the USGBC 1.49 1.381Poor team communication/education 1.46 1.206Unable to meet LEED prerequisites 1.19 1.087Unable to qualify for enough credits 1 1.148Project team turnover 0.79 1.08
RESULTS: QUESTION 2- Barriers to Certification
Open ended question
Barriers FrequencyDifficulty of LEED documentation 16Cost associated with certification fees, green building practices, and/or design. 13Lack of project team education 7Diffucult communication / misunderstanding with USGBC 6Cost of Documentation 5LEED not part of the planning phase, certification was an afterthought 3Problems applying LEED requirements to unique projects. LEED does not fit all cercimstances 3
RESULTS: QUESTION 3- Differences Between Groups
Likert scale question (scale from 0 to 4)
Barrier CG Mean NCG MeanMean
DifferenceUnable to qualify for enough credits 0.7 1.75 1.05Direct cost of certification 1.15 2.88 1.73Cost of GB practices or design 1.7 2.88 1.18Owner unable to recover up front cost 0.8 2.75 1.95
CG = Certified GroupNCG = Non Certified Group
RESULTS: QUESTION 3- Differences Between Groups
Forty five percent of the certified group stated as a reason for certification “owner driven” none of the non certified group stated this as a reason.
The non certified group mentioned cost more often as a barrier than the certified group
The certified group mentioned a lack of awareness, education or experience as a barrier more often then the non certified group
CONCLUSIONS
Reasons for Certification Environmental stewardship To keep green building a project priority Owner required
Barriers to certification LEED documentation Lack of education Cost Communication Lack of team buy in
CONCLUSIONS continued
Group differences Ranking of barriers
Cost especially Reason for certification
Owner driven
FUTURE RESEARCH
Research the LEED documentation process Cost to benefit study concerning LEED point
categories
QUESTIONS
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