BRIDGE TO THE PAPP ENGINEBRIDGE TO THE PAPP ENGINE

The Garret CarburetorThe Garret CarburetorPatented in 1935Patented in 1935

Multi Plate Electrolysis Multi Plate Electrolysis Device with Pulsed Device with Pulsed Power!Power!

Claimed up to 100 MPGClaimed up to 100 MPGCurrent cars.Current cars.

GARRETT’S SCHEMATICGARRETT’S SCHEMATIC Any Questions on this?Any Questions on this?

Obviously an HHO Device. Patent assigned to SUNOCO. Obviously an HHO Device. Patent assigned to SUNOCO. (Source of the 100 MPG Carburetor Urban Legend, (Source of the 100 MPG Carburetor Urban Legend, “bought and suppressed” by the Oil Companies.) “bought and suppressed” by the Oil Companies.)

SO WE HAVE A LONG HISTORYSO WE HAVE A LONG HISTORY

But Until Pons and Fleischmann, no serious effort But Until Pons and Fleischmann, no serious effort to investigate ANYTHING besides high energy to investigate ANYTHING besides high energy particle physics and neutron based nuclear fission.particle physics and neutron based nuclear fission.

Now this is changing!Now this is changing! Work this out, 30% of power in an standard Otto Work this out, 30% of power in an standard Otto

Cycle, ICE, from this “mysterious” source.Cycle, ICE, from this “mysterious” source. Why not 100% How would you do it withoutWhy not 100% How would you do it without

Burning a combustion plasma? (Answer next slideBurning a combustion plasma? (Answer next slide))

SYNTHETIC COMBUSTION SYNTHETIC COMBUSTION PLASMAPLASMA

Electric Arcs in Air are Electric Arcs in Air are Considered A plasmaConsidered A plasma

Electric Arcs in Noble Electric Arcs in Noble Gases would be a plasma.Gases would be a plasma.

Let’s Look at Papp’s Let’s Look at Papp’s Engine from the “Top Engine from the “Top Down”, and see how it Down”, and see how it creates a Synthetic creates a Synthetic Combustion Plasma.Combustion Plasma.

TWO CROSS SECTIONS 90 TWO CROSS SECTIONS 90 DEGREES APARTDEGREES APART

PAPP CALLS HIS BRASS PLATES PAPP CALLS HIS BRASS PLATES “CAPACITOR PLATES”“CAPACITOR PLATES”

We prefer to call them GLIDING ARC guides.We prefer to call them GLIDING ARC guides. Notice the two tungsten arc points at the bottom of Notice the two tungsten arc points at the bottom of

the GLIDING ARC GUIDES.the GLIDING ARC GUIDES. It is interesting to note that once the arc starts, the It is interesting to note that once the arc starts, the

mechanism of action is similar to a Metal Halide mechanism of action is similar to a Metal Halide Light combined with a Tungsten Halogen Lamp. Light combined with a Tungsten Halogen Lamp. (I.e., the Chlorine actually helps in the life time of (I.e., the Chlorine actually helps in the life time of the arc points by re-depositing the W back to the the arc points by re-depositing the W back to the points!)points!)

PRESUME WE ARE CONTINUOUSLY PROCUCING A GLIDING ARC PRESUME WE ARE CONTINUOUSLY PROCUCING A GLIDING ARC DISCHARGE IN THE WATER/CHLORINE GAS/NOBLE GAS DISCHARGE IN THE WATER/CHLORINE GAS/NOBLE GAS

ENVIROMENT, WHAT HAPPENS?ENVIROMENT, WHAT HAPPENS?

First of all, an arc discharge, in air or noble First of all, an arc discharge, in air or noble gasses or water vapor produces a large gasses or water vapor produces a large amount of UV.amount of UV.

The discharge in a standard Fluorescent The discharge in a standard Fluorescent light is the source of complete UV which light is the source of complete UV which stimulates the Phosphor to white light.stimulates the Phosphor to white light.

We automatically have two different We automatically have two different plasmas going on, one the Arc discharge, plasmas going on, one the Arc discharge, two the Noble gasses.two the Noble gasses.

WE ALSO HAVE ONE OTHER WE ALSO HAVE ONE OTHER THING OF GREAT INTERESTTHING OF GREAT INTEREST

Remember the Chlorine GAS addition to the Remember the Chlorine GAS addition to the mix? Papp said it need to be “mixed into” mix? Papp said it need to be “mixed into” the water. He was right!the water. He was right!

It dissolves in water like CO2 in water, and It dissolves in water like CO2 in water, and you can “super saturate” it.you can “super saturate” it.

So what happens to the WATER VAPOR So what happens to the WATER VAPOR when put inbetween the gliding arc plates when put inbetween the gliding arc plates during the Arc?during the Arc?

AN INTERESTING SET OF AN INTERESTING SET OF REACTIONS!REACTIONS!

The water vapor, under the Arc alone, will The water vapor, under the Arc alone, will have considerable split of H2O into H2 and have considerable split of H2O into H2 and O2. O2.

YOU KNOW THIS, that is why you use DRY YOU KNOW THIS, that is why you use DRY Stick Arc Electrodes to prevent Hydrogen Stick Arc Electrodes to prevent Hydrogen Embrittlement!Embrittlement!

BUT there is Cl2 in the water. What BUT there is Cl2 in the water. What happens to Cl2 when exposed to H2 and happens to Cl2 when exposed to H2 and UV?UV?

HERE IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN HERE IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU HAVE H2 AND Cl2 AND A YOU HAVE H2 AND Cl2 AND A

SLIGHT UV (LED Source)SLIGHT UV (LED Source)

Actual Video of UV Cl/H2 explosionActual Video of UV Cl/H2 explosion

Slow Motion of the ExplosionSlow Motion of the Explosion

WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM THIS?THIS?

Number One – A very small amount of UV Number One – A very small amount of UV initiates a H2 Cl2 burn.initiates a H2 Cl2 burn.

Number Two – It does progress. BUT the Number Two – It does progress. BUT the lower section exposed to the UV “ignites” lower section exposed to the UV “ignites” almost immediately. I.e., the more UV…almost immediately. I.e., the more UV…unlike a spark ignition, the more complete unlike a spark ignition, the more complete the ignition throughout.the ignition throughout.

SO WHAT DO HAVE IN A PAPP SO WHAT DO HAVE IN A PAPP ENGINE NOW?ENGINE NOW?

1. A set of Noble Gasses1. A set of Noble Gasses 2. An electric arc2. An electric arc 3. Plenty of UV3. Plenty of UV 4. Chlorine to make a halide light4. Chlorine to make a halide light 5. A gliding ARC, to give residence time to the 5. A gliding ARC, to give residence time to the

plasma stimulation.plasma stimulation. 6. And the possibility that the selective H2 Cl2 6. And the possibility that the selective H2 Cl2

reaction LEAVES O2 radicals around to be reaction LEAVES O2 radicals around to be involved in Fisher’s Polyneutron generation.involved in Fisher’s Polyneutron generation.

ARE WE DONE YET?ARE WE DONE YET?

Well, not completely. We need to note that a Well, not completely. We need to note that a variety of people have established the variety of people have established the stability of making arc discharges in stability of making arc discharges in WATER.WATER.

Thus the water in the cylinders of Papp’s Thus the water in the cylinders of Papp’s original is no impediment to the “Gliding original is no impediment to the “Gliding Arc”.Arc”.

Now we need to mention the DC phase and Now we need to mention the DC phase and the Alpha sources.the Alpha sources.

Papp’s Circuit DiagramPapp’s Circuit Diagram

Actually very straight forward. When the piston is TDC, the DC Generator is on. The water (partially emulsion) is in the electrodes, and (Presuming some ionization in the water) electrolysis is occuring. As we go to BDC the system changes to the AC, starting an Arc with the W points. The Arc can travel up the guides. Initiating the synthetic combustion plasma.

SOME POINTS TO TIE UPSOME POINTS TO TIE UP

The HHO/Magic/Unknown The HHO/Magic/Unknown which causes the big alpha which causes the big alpha bursts can “accumulate” in bursts can “accumulate” in a closed system.a closed system.

The whole concept is to The whole concept is to create a repetitive create a repetitive combustion plasma combustion plasma without need for a “fuel”without need for a “fuel”

The Cl2 and H2, help The Cl2 and H2, help create that combustion create that combustion plasma. Along with the UV plasma. Along with the UV interaction with the Noble interaction with the Noble gasses.gasses.

The plasma transient, The plasma transient, stimulates MASSIVE stimulates MASSIVE ALPHA bursts.ALPHA bursts.

The alpha bursts resolve The alpha bursts resolve as mechanical energy as mechanical energy (Discuss at length (Discuss at length Alpha/Metal interactions)Alpha/Metal interactions)

A WARNING!A WARNING!

Papp’s original engine, as shown, would Papp’s original engine, as shown, would probably be a BOMB!probably be a BOMB!

Why? As more power is released, it will tend Why? As more power is released, it will tend to speed up.to speed up.

As it speeds up, if the water arc/gliding arc As it speeds up, if the water arc/gliding arc process does not use up all of the “magic” in process does not use up all of the “magic” in each pulse, it will build.each pulse, it will build.

It is a positive feedback device!It is a positive feedback device!

Last Thoughts:Last Thoughts:

Surprisingly Papp was probably completely Surprisingly Papp was probably completely straightforward in his first Patent.straightforward in his first Patent.

He may have been “convinced” he had “real He may have been “convinced” he had “real protection” with it.protection” with it.

He probably knew no one would try it.He probably knew no one would try it. His second engine is more elegant and may His second engine is more elegant and may

disguise the need for the electrolysis step (see the disguise the need for the electrolysis step (see the H2 and H2O absorbers in the gas treating H2 and H2O absorbers in the gas treating apparatus. Un-needed with commercial grade inert apparatus. Un-needed with commercial grade inert gasses.)gasses.)

LAST THOUGHTSLAST THOUGHTS

Detailed duplication of Papp’s original may be Detailed duplication of Papp’s original may be worth while.worth while.

Running a closed loop with a large HHO cell set, Running a closed loop with a large HHO cell set, Chlorine, the Gliding Arc system Burke has made, Chlorine, the Gliding Arc system Burke has made, may accomplish the same thing.may accomplish the same thing.

The Chlorine, water, and inert gasses can be The Chlorine, water, and inert gasses can be pumped in a loop into the piston arrangement, and pumped in a loop into the piston arrangement, and back THROUGH the HHO generator, to help move back THROUGH the HHO generator, to help move the “magic” into the synthetic plasma generator.the “magic” into the synthetic plasma generator.